Question 1

Silica walls are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A) diatoms. 
B) euglenoids. 
C) red algae. 
D) brown algae. 
E) slime molds. 
A) diatoms. 
B) euglenoids. 
C) red algae. 
D) brown algae. 
E) slime molds.

Question 2

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to use in treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What organic molecules likely existed before the first cell?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic acids 
B) lipids 
C) All answers are correct. 
D) proteins 
E) carbohydrates 
A) nucleic acids 
B) lipids 
C) All answers are correct. 
D) proteins 
E) carbohydrates

Question 4

Autotrophs must acquire carbon from organic molecules produced from other organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

About 80% of all land plants,including grasses,shrubs,and trees,form mycorrhizae.Mycorrhizae are which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) associations between fungi and plant leaves 
B) associations between fungi and plant roots 
C) associations between bacteria and plant leaves 
D) associations between bacteria and plant roots 
E) associations between bacteria and fungi 
A) associations between fungi and plant leaves 
B) associations between fungi and plant roots 
C) associations between bacteria and plant leaves 
D) associations between bacteria and plant roots 
E) associations between bacteria and fungi

Question 6

Saccharomyces is commonly known as

Accepted Answer

A) an antibiotic. 
B) the "death angel." 
C) mildew. 
D) yeast for making bread,wine,and beer. 
E) the common bread mold. 
A) an antibiotic. 
B) the "death angel." 
C) mildew. 
D) yeast for making bread,wine,and beer. 
E) the common bread mold.

Question 7

A dikaryotic stage is common in the life cycle of many plants,protozoans,and fungi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",the relationship between the cacao tree and its resident endophyte fungi is a ______ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) fungal loss: plant gain 
B) fungal gain: plant loss 
C) fungal loss: plant loss 
D) fungal gain: plant uneffected 
E) fungal gain: plant gain 
A) fungal loss: plant gain 
B) fungal gain: plant loss 
C) fungal loss: plant loss 
D) fungal gain: plant uneffected 
E) fungal gain: plant gain

Question 9

How did the first life on Earth obtain energy?

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis in the presence of oxygen 
B) photosynthesis in the absence of oxygen 
C) heterotrophic consumption of organic molecules 
D) autotrophic consumption of organic molecules 
E) phototrophic consumption of inorganic molecules 
A) photosynthesis in the presence of oxygen 
B) photosynthesis in the absence of oxygen 
C) heterotrophic consumption of organic molecules 
D) autotrophic consumption of organic molecules 
E) phototrophic consumption of inorganic molecules

Question 10

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can remain in one location in our intestines.They would most likely contain which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) pili 
B) flagella 
C) cilia 
D) nuclei 
E) mitochondria 
A) pili 
B) flagella 
C) cilia 
D) nuclei 
E) mitochondria

Question 11

Water molds are unlike fungi in that water molds have cell walls containing cellulose,whereas fungi have cell walls containing chitin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes

Accepted Answer

A) similarities in DNA sequences between mitochondrial and bacterial genomes. 
B) similarities in size and shape between mitochondria and some prokaryotes. 
C) similarity between photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. 
D) similarity in the way mitochondria,chloroplasts,and prokaryotes reproduce. 
E) All answers are correct 
A) similarities in DNA sequences between mitochondrial and bacterial genomes. 
B) similarities in size and shape between mitochondria and some prokaryotes. 
C) similarity between photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. 
D) similarity in the way mitochondria,chloroplasts,and prokaryotes reproduce. 
E) All answers are correct

Question 13

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is extremely salty is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) thermophile. 
B) acidophile. 
C) halophile. 
D) basophile. 
E) hydrophilE. 
A) thermophile. 
B) acidophile. 
C) halophile. 
D) basophile. 
E) hydrophilE.

Question 14

The main storage carbohydrate in fungi is

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen. 
B) glucose. 
C) starch. 
D) cellulose. 
E) chitin. 
A) glycogen. 
B) glucose. 
C) starch. 
D) cellulose. 
E) chitin.

Question 15

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to animals than plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which part of a fungus penetrates inside of a plant?

Accepted Answer

A) hyphae 
B) fruiting bodies 
C) spores 
D) pili 
E) flagella 
A) hyphae 
B) fruiting bodies 
C) spores 
D) pili 
E) flagella

Question 17

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes. 
B) phototrophs. 
C) facultative anaerobes. 
D) autotrophs. 
E) aerobic. 
A) obligate anaerobes. 
B) phototrophs. 
C) facultative anaerobes. 
D) autotrophs. 
E) aerobic.

Question 18

Associations of fungi and plant roots are called

Accepted Answer

A) pili. 
B) mycorrhizae. 
C) lichens. 
D) root forks. 
E) endophytes. 
A) pili. 
B) mycorrhizae. 
C) lichens. 
D) root forks. 
E) endophytes.

Question 19

Dictyostelium discoideum straddles the boundary between unicellular and multicellular.Its feeding phase consists of individual amoeba-like cells that move independently,feeding on bacteria.When the food runs out,cells begin to aggregate into a multicelled structure.The cells differentiate into a base,stalk,and spores;only the spores survive to colonize a new habitat.Dictyostelium discoideum is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) an autotroph 
B) a heterotroph and autotroph 
C) a heterotroph 
D) a detritovore 
E) a heterotroph and detritovore 
A) an autotroph 
B) a heterotroph and autotroph 
C) a heterotroph 
D) a detritovore 
E) a heterotroph and detritovore

Question 20

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A) a cell membrane 
B) a nucleus 
C) a cell wall 
D) a pilus 
E) an endospore 
A) a cell membrane 
B) a nucleus 
C) a cell wall 
D) a pilus 
E) an endospore

Exam 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Silica walls are characteristic of

Antibiotics usually are not dangerous to use in treating bacterial infections because most antibiotics exploit structures and functions in bacteria that are not present in host cells.

What organic molecules likely existed before the first cell?

Autotrophs must acquire carbon from organic molecules produced from other organisms.

About 80% of all land plants,including grasses,shrubs,and trees,form mycorrhizae.Mycorrhizae are which of the following?

Saccharomyces is commonly known as

A dikaryotic stage is common in the life cycle of many plants,protozoans,and fungi.

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",the relationship between the cacao tree and its resident endophyte fungi is a ______ relationship.

How did the first life on Earth obtain energy?

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can remain in one location in our intestines.They would most likely contain which of the following?

Water molds are unlike fungi in that water molds have cell walls containing cellulose,whereas fungi have cell walls containing chitin.

Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is extremely salty is a(an)

The main storage carbohydrate in fungi is

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to animals than plants.

Which part of a fungus penetrates inside of a plant?

Escherichia coli and Salmonella can live in our intestines in the presence or absence of oxygen.They are considered

Associations of fungi and plant roots are called

Clostridium tetani,the bacterium that causes tetanus,can survive in soil for up to 40 years.It is most likely in which of the following structures?

Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Energy

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication and Cell Division

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Regulating Temperature, nutrients, and Body Fluids

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

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