Question 1

Fungi are classified into phyla based on which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A) organelles 
B) composition of cell wall 
C) photosynthesis 
D) reproductive structures 
E) multicellular vs.unicellular 
A) organelles 
B) composition of cell wall 
C) photosynthesis 
D) reproductive structures 
E) multicellular vs.unicellular

Question 2

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",endophytes that colonize a leaf get "first dibs" on the dead tissue.This is which type of feeding?

Accepted Answer

A) decomposers 
B) detritovores 
C) herbivores 
D) carnivores 
E) producers 
A) decomposers 
B) detritovores 
C) herbivores 
D) carnivores 
E) producers

Question 3

Yeasts are multicellular fungi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Diatoms and brown algae contain yellowish photosynthetic pigments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan that can contaminate water supplies.Which of the following would you predict to be the case of a Cryptosporidium outbreak?

Accepted Answer

A) It can be transmitted only by insect bites because it is nonmotile. 
B) It can grow in any water supply because it is photosynthetic. 
C) It will be difficult to treat with chlorine because it forms spores. 
D) It spreads rapidly because it has flagella. 
E) It will enter a person's body through their respiratory tract. 
A) It can be transmitted only by insect bites because it is nonmotile. 
B) It can grow in any water supply because it is photosynthetic. 
C) It will be difficult to treat with chlorine because it forms spores. 
D) It spreads rapidly because it has flagella. 
E) It will enter a person's body through their respiratory tract.

Question 6

DNA sequence evidence suggests that plants,fungi,and animals arose from different lineages of unicellular protists.This suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Protists evolved before the other three kingdoms. 
B) Early ancestors to plants,fungi,and animals could interbreed. 
C) Multicellular organisms arose only once in evolutionary history. 
D) All unicellular organisms are now extinct. 
E) The animal,plant,and fungal kingdoms contain some single celled organisms. 
A) Protists evolved before the other three kingdoms. 
B) Early ancestors to plants,fungi,and animals could interbreed. 
C) Multicellular organisms arose only once in evolutionary history. 
D) All unicellular organisms are now extinct. 
E) The animal,plant,and fungal kingdoms contain some single celled organisms.

Question 7

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",an endophyte absorbs nutrients and water from a live cacao leaf in what type of feeding?

Accepted Answer

A) a decomposer 
B) an autotroph 
C) a detritovore 
D) a producer 
E) a heterotroph 
A) a decomposer 
B) an autotroph 
C) a detritovore 
D) a producer 
E) a heterotroph

Question 8

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondria produced the oxygen found in the atmosphere. 
B) Almost all organisms have mitochondria. 
C) All eukaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts. 
D) All prokaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts. 
E) Mitochondria are larger than chloroplasts. 
A) Mitochondria produced the oxygen found in the atmosphere. 
B) Almost all organisms have mitochondria. 
C) All eukaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts. 
D) All prokaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts. 
E) Mitochondria are larger than chloroplasts.

Question 9

Protists can be autotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The fusion of two haploid hyphae whereby the nuclei remain separate in the cell creates a ______ cell.

Accepted Answer

A) dikaryotic 
B) haploid 
C) tetraploid 
D) diploid 
E) uniploid 
A) dikaryotic 
B) haploid 
C) tetraploid 
D) diploid 
E) uniploid

Question 11

Yeasts are

Accepted Answer

A) multicelled autotrophs. 
B) single-celled heterotrophs. 
C) single-celled autotrophs. 
D) multicelled heterotrophs. 
E) All answers are correct. 
A) multicelled autotrophs. 
B) single-celled heterotrophs. 
C) single-celled autotrophs. 
D) multicelled heterotrophs. 
E) All answers are correct.

Question 12

Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria.The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs.The fact that this process works is consistent with which hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria have evolved to mimic human cells. 
B) Bacteria cannot divide unless they are inside a host cell. 
C) Humans and bacteria share a common ancestor. 
D) Bacteria need to make human proteins to live inside the human body. 
E) Humans and bacteria use different genetic material. 
A) Bacteria have evolved to mimic human cells. 
B) Bacteria cannot divide unless they are inside a host cell. 
C) Humans and bacteria share a common ancestor. 
D) Bacteria need to make human proteins to live inside the human body. 
E) Humans and bacteria use different genetic material.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a similarity supporting the endosymbiont theory?

Accepted Answer

A) similarity in the DNA of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
B) similarity in the nucleus of prokaryotes and mitochondria 
C) similarity in the RNA of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
D) similarity in the ribosomes of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
E) All answers support the endosymbiont theory. 
A) similarity in the DNA of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
B) similarity in the nucleus of prokaryotes and mitochondria 
C) similarity in the RNA of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
D) similarity in the ribosomes of mitochondria and prokaryotes 
E) All answers support the endosymbiont theory.

Question 14

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is a difference between how a frog and chytridiomycetes obtain energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Frogs ingest their food;chytridiomycetes secrete digestive enzymes. 
B) Chytridiomycetes ingest their food;frogs secrete digestive enzymes. 
C) Frogs are heterotrophs;chytridiomycetes are phototrophs. 
D) Chytridiomycetes are heterotrophs;frogs are phototrophs. 
E) Frogs are autotrophs;chytridiomycetes are phototrophs. 
A) Frogs ingest their food;chytridiomycetes secrete digestive enzymes. 
B) Chytridiomycetes ingest their food;frogs secrete digestive enzymes. 
C) Frogs are heterotrophs;chytridiomycetes are phototrophs. 
D) Chytridiomycetes are heterotrophs;frogs are phototrophs. 
E) Frogs are autotrophs;chytridiomycetes are phototrophs.

Question 16

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a nucleus 
B) RNA 
C) DNA 
D) a cell membrane 
E) a cell wall 
A) a nucleus 
B) RNA 
C) DNA 
D) a cell membrane 
E) a cell wall

Question 17

The first life on Earth was probably most similar to modern-day

Accepted Answer

A) bacteriA. 
B) protists. 
C) Archaeans. 
D) plants. 
E) fungi. 
A) bacteriA. 
B) protists. 
C) Archaeans. 
D) plants. 
E) fungi.

Question 18

Infections by Heliobacter pylori cause 90% of peptic ulcers in the U.S.These bacteria have pili that are expressed in acidic conditions.A characteristic of this organism is

Accepted Answer

A) an ability to attach to cells in the host organism's stomach. 
B) an ability to move in the direction opposite the pili. 
C) an ability to avoid ingestion by cells in the immune system. 
D) an ability to induce a large antibody response. 
E) an ability to enter the blood stream. 
A) an ability to attach to cells in the host organism's stomach. 
B) an ability to move in the direction opposite the pili. 
C) an ability to avoid ingestion by cells in the immune system. 
D) an ability to induce a large antibody response. 
E) an ability to enter the blood stream.

Question 19

Trichonympha is a unicellular,flagellated protist that lives within termites and allows the termite to be able to "digest" wood.Trichonympha is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a dinoflagellate 
B) an alga 
C) a slime mold 
D) a diatom 
E) a protozoan 
A) a dinoflagellate 
B) an alga 
C) a slime mold 
D) a diatom 
E) a protozoan

Question 20

A lichen is made up of which two types of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) a fungus and a plant 
B) a plant and a cyanobacterium 
C) a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium 
D) an alga and a bacterium 
E) an alga and a plant 
A) a fungus and a plant 
B) a plant and a cyanobacterium 
C) a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium 
D) an alga and a bacterium 
E) an alga and a plant

Exam 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Fungi are classified into phyla based on which characteristic?

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",endophytes that colonize a leaf get "first dibs" on the dead tissue.This is which type of feeding?

Yeasts are multicellular fungi.

Diatoms and brown algae contain yellowish photosynthetic pigments.

Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan that can contaminate water supplies.Which of the following would you predict to be the case of a Cryptosporidium outbreak?

DNA sequence evidence suggests that plants,fungi,and animals arose from different lineages of unicellular protists.This suggests which of the following?

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",an endophyte absorbs nutrients and water from a live cacao leaf in what type of feeding?

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Protists can be autotrophs.

The fusion of two haploid hyphae whereby the nuclei remain separate in the cell creates a ______ cell.

Yeasts are

Many drugs are produced by placing human genes into bacteria.The bacteria then transcribe and translate these genes into functional human proteins that can then be purified and given as drugs.The fact that this process works is consistent with which hypothesis?

Which of the following is not a similarity supporting the endosymbiont theory?

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Which of the following is a difference between how a frog and chytridiomycetes obtain energy?

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

The first life on Earth was probably most similar to modern-day

Infections by Heliobacter pylori cause 90% of peptic ulcers in the U.S.These bacteria have pili that are expressed in acidic conditions.A characteristic of this organism is

Trichonympha is a unicellular,flagellated protist that lives within termites and allows the termite to be able to "digest" wood.Trichonympha is which of the following?

A lichen is made up of which two types of organisms?

Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Energy

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication and Cell Division

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Regulating Temperature, nutrients, and Body Fluids

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

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