Exam 7: Validity

The extent to which data from a study are shown to be the result of a true cause-effect relationship rather than chance is a matter of

When subjects are selected because of the presence or absence of a condition,rather than having a condition assigned to them,the experimenter is testing

A change in behavior simply as a result of earlier experience in the study is a threat to ____ validity.

The extent to which data are shown to be the result of a cause-effect relationship rather than accident reflects the level of

A participant who interprets the instructions differently than the researcher intended most threatens the

Any factor that is associated with the independent variable and that is not purposely introduced by the researcher is considered a ____ error

Using a convenience sample instead of a random sample of subjects is a threat to which kind of validity?

When a researcher asks the question,"Have changes in some developmental process within the subjects paralleled the treatment effects?",she is concerned with which one of the following potential threats to internal validity?