Exam 6: Probability

Determining what constitutes chance versus non-chance findings under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true is made with reference to a probability value known as the alpha level.

Given a set of outcomes that are mutually exclusive and exhaustive,the sum of the probabilities of the outcomes will always equal 1.00.

The correspondence between the binomial and ____________________ distributions improves as n increases.

Assume a researcher has grouped people into categories by age,as follows: 20-29,30-39,40-49,50-59.A person can only be placed into one of these categories,thus these categories are said to be

Assuming the null hypothesis is false,we can easily specify an expected result.

The probability of observing at least one of two events [for example,p(A or B)] is ____.

Using the example of an experiment on extrasensory perception (ESP)where an individual's claim that she possesses psychic powers is tested by asking her to predict the outcome of each of 10 tosses of a coin,distinguish between a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.

Two outcomes are said to be mutually exclusive when it is possible for both outcomes to occur for a given individual.

Assume that you wanted to test the effectiveness of a certain therapy technique in reducing depression among clients.According to statistical hypothesis testing the hypothesis that the technique's effectiveness will be equal to chance is called the _____.

If our observations are so discrepant from the expected result that the difference cannot be attributed to chance,we will reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

Each unique combination of variables in a contingency table is referred to as a contingent frequency.

A marketing researcher at a computer company did a study examining user satisfaction with two operating systems.A total of 300 users were surveyed on the type of operating system used and their satisfaction with it.Use the following data set to answer questions 6-14: What is the probability that a user is satisfied with either system 9 or system 10?

The correspondence between the binomial and normal distributions:

If p (A | B)= 0,then it follows that A and B must be

Even though two events are related (nonindependent),this does not necessarily mean that:

The probability of drawing a red card from a deck of normal playing cards is .5 (half red,half black).A magician draws 12 cards from the deck.What is the probability that the magician draws 8 red cards?

An event A is said to be independent of an event B if p(A)= p(B).

In a population consisting of 60 males and 40 females,the probability of randomly selecting a male is:

According to the classical view of probability theory,the probability of event A equals .____.

When the alpha level is .05,a result is defined as non-chance if the probability of obtaining that result,assuming the null hypothesis is true,is: