Exam 5: Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

When fire chiefs manage firefighters battling hazardous,out-of-control fires,they frequently have to depend on their professional instincts to make on-the-spot decisions that will protect the lives of the firefighters and save the lives of others,control the fires,and preserve decisions made in emergency situations involving high ambiguity and rapidly changing conditions.This is an example of which of the following types of decision making?

The concept of isolating intrapreneurs so that they become so intensely involved in a project,and as a result,the development time of new products is relatively brief and the quality of the final product is enhanced,is known as ______________.

An organization's finance department decides to go to the company's usual bank and take out a loan because the company's revenues for the month are projected to be less than its expenses.What type of decision does this represent?

The explosion of the space shuttle Challenger is an example of poor managerial decision making by the managers at NASA and Morton Thiokol,who considered and then downplayed the criterion of:

In assessing alternatives,explain the four criteria to evaluate the pros and cons of alternative courses of action.

With regard to the decision-making process,in order to ensure that a decision is implemented,top managers must assign to middle managers the responsibility for making the follow-up decisions necessary to achieve the goal;this is a procedure related to learning from feedback.

Managers can increase their ability to make nonprogrammed decisions that will allow them to adapt to,modify,and even drastically alter their task environments so that they can continually increase organizational performance through organizational:

While assessing the practicality of alternatives,managers must decide whether they have the capabilities and resources required to implement the alternative,and they must be sure that the alternative will not threaten the attainment of other organizational goals.

Discuss the assumptions that underlie the classical model of decision-making.

A manager considers a limited sample of the potential alternative solutions for a problem and selects one that is acceptable instead of attempting to select the optimum solution.This type of decision is called:

The classical decision-making model is prescriptive in the sense that it specifies how decisions should be made.

Kathleen,a manager,is attempting to determine whether she has both the capability and the resources to produce one of several possible new products.In the context of decision making,on which of the following criteria of alternative courses of action is Kathleen focusing?

Diversity among decision makers can be used to help reverse the effects of devil's advocacy in group decision making.

Karen,a manager,orders raw materials when the raw materials inventory reaches a certain point.This is an example of which type of decision?

Decisions that have been made many times in the past and for which managers have rules and guidelines about how to make similar decisions in the future are known as ________________ decisions.

In brainstorming sessions,the fewer the alternatives presented,the better the brainstorming session.

In the decision-making process,to compare what actually happened to what was expected to happen as a result of the decision is a procedure of choosing among alternatives.

Nonroutine decisions made in response to novel situations in business are known as ________________ decisions.

To create a learning organization,managers must empower employees and allow them to experiment,create,and explore what they want through developing a sense of:

Most day-to-day decisions in business are nonprogrammed decisions.