Exam 8: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

When little Martha discovers that she can count things beginning with any item,as long as she only counts them each once and is sure to count them all,she has mastered the

Which quote best exemplifies the idea of scaffolding?

Children who are approximately _____ years old begin to construct words based on internalized rules of how language works.

When evaluating the process quality of child-care facilities,researchers look at the

The set of skills and ideas that are just beyond a child's level of competence,but can be mastered if that child receives some help are known as the Zone of

The first stage of processing in memory is

Ian and his mother are looking at family pictures.His mother asks him to find a picture of his cousin.Ian will most likely use a _____ strategy to find the right photograph.

Children who are between 18 and 36 months old create two-word sentences that psychologists call

Playing turn-taking games in infancy is one way to teach your child about the _____ of language.

Children seem to master the basic ideas of addition and subtraction when they are approximately _____ years old.

Explain and give examples of the thinking processes of children in the preoperational period described by Piaget.Discuss limitations on their thinking abilities,as well.

A child's ability to watch something change and then realize that the transformation could be undone is called

All of the following behaviors demonstrate Barbara Rogoff's concept of guided participation except

The average 2-year-old knows approximately _____ words.

A baby points to its bottle and says,"Baaaa!" Her mother responds by saying,"Yes,that's a bottle." The two of them are engaging in

The basic rules concerning word order are called

Researchers have found that children from poorer families generally

Working memory

_____ happens when children mistakenly construct words based on internalized rules,such as saying "mouses" instead of "mice."

All of the following are probably explanations for why Piaget may have underestimated the cognitive development of children except