Question 1

Flagella are very difficult to observe microscopically because

Accepted Answer

A) They are very thin 
B) They resist basic dyes 
C) They resist acidic dyes 
D) They do not adhere to glass slides 
A) They are very thin 
B) They resist basic dyes 
C) They resist acidic dyes 
D) They do not adhere to glass slides

Question 2

When an antibiotic targets a pathogen-specific component,its mechanism of action is

Accepted Answer

A) Receptor-mediated endocytosis 
B) Ubiquitylation 
C) Inhibition of a biochemical function that is unique to the pathogen 
D) Quorum sensing 
A) Receptor-mediated endocytosis 
B) Ubiquitylation 
C) Inhibition of a biochemical function that is unique to the pathogen 
D) Quorum sensing

Question 3

The organelle where secreted proteins are synthesized is

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

Which of the following are vesicles found in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Microtubules 
B) Flagella 
C) Intermediate filaments 
D) Ribosomes 
E) Peroxisomes 
A) Microtubules 
B) Flagella 
C) Intermediate filaments 
D) Ribosomes 
E) Peroxisomes

Question 5

What is the endosymbiont theory? Provide an example of this process.

Accepted Answer

The endosymbiont theory proposes that du

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria that have a capsule are able to resist host defense mechanisms 
B) To view a flagellum under a conventional microscope it is necessary to coat it with layers of dye or metals 
C) Acid-fast bacteria stain equally well with the acid-fast stain and the Gram stain 
D) Only bacteria containing mycolic acid in their cell wall are acid-fast 
E) The decolorizer in the acid-fast stain is acid 
A) Bacteria that have a capsule are able to resist host defense mechanisms 
B) To view a flagellum under a conventional microscope it is necessary to coat it with layers of dye or metals 
C) Acid-fast bacteria stain equally well with the acid-fast stain and the Gram stain 
D) Only bacteria containing mycolic acid in their cell wall are acid-fast 
E) The decolorizer in the acid-fast stain is acid

Question 7

The organelle where lysosome enzymes are packaged is

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Explain why basic dyes and not acidic dyes are used when examining the morphology and arrangement of bacterial cells.

Accepted Answer

To view the structure and cell arrangeme

Question 9

Describe three types of endocytosis in eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

Three types of endocytosis that occur in

Question 10

Discuss the difference between opportunistic and primary pathogens and the circumstances under which they cause disease.

Accepted Answer

Primary pathogens pose a threat to healt

Question 11

Secretory vesicles fuse with the

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

In the Gram stain,_____ is used as a mordant to stabilize crystal violet in _____ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol; Gram-positive 
B) Alcohol; Gram-negative 
C) Iodine; Gram-positive 
D) Iodine; Gram-negative 
E) Safranin; Gram-nonreactive 
A) Alcohol; Gram-positive 
B) Alcohol; Gram-negative 
C) Iodine; Gram-positive 
D) Iodine; Gram-negative 
E) Safranin; Gram-nonreactive

Question 13

A patient has been diagnosed with gonorrhea.Which of the following would be seen microscopically when examining the patient's sample?

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococci 
B) Diplococci 
C) Coccobacilli 
D) Tetrads 
E) Staphylococci 
A) Streptococci 
B) Diplococci 
C) Coccobacilli 
D) Tetrads 
E) Staphylococci

Question 14

Which of the following is not an example of a basic dye and is repelled by capsules?

Accepted Answer

A) Methylene blue 
B) Nigrosine 
C) Safarin 
D) Crystal violet 
E) Carbolfuchsin 
A) Methylene blue 
B) Nigrosine 
C) Safarin 
D) Crystal violet 
E) Carbolfuchsin

Question 15

Which of the following does not differentiate Gram-positive from Gram-negative organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Multilayered peptidoglycan versus thin peptidoglycan 
B) No membrane outside cell wall versus membrane outside cell wall 
C) Presence of polysaccharide versus absence of polysaccharide 
D) Rich in exotoxin versus rich in endotoxin 
E) After iodine treatment retains crystal violet versus does not retain crystal violet 
A) Multilayered peptidoglycan versus thin peptidoglycan 
B) No membrane outside cell wall versus membrane outside cell wall 
C) Presence of polysaccharide versus absence of polysaccharide 
D) Rich in exotoxin versus rich in endotoxin 
E) After iodine treatment retains crystal violet versus does not retain crystal violet

Question 16

Which bacteria lose their crystal violet when the decolorizer alcohol is added during the Gram stain procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) Gram-negative 
B) Gram-positive 
C) Gram-intensive 
D) Gram-dormant 
A) Gram-negative 
B) Gram-positive 
C) Gram-intensive 
D) Gram-dormant

Question 17

Explain why ribosomes are suitable therapeutic targets for some,but not all,infections.

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are appropriate targets for in

Question 18

Name and describe the three components that contribute to the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

The three cytoskeletal elements include

Question 19

Which of the following is the first vesicle for molecules taken up by cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Plasma membrane 
B) Endosome 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

What is used for the purpose of viewing the shape and arrangement of bacteria and employs a single basic dye?

Accepted Answer

A) Simple stain 
B) Endospore stain 
C) Negative stain 
D) Acid-fast stain 
E) Differential stain 
A) Simple stain 
B) Endospore stain 
C) Negative stain 
D) Acid-fast stain 
E) Differential stain

Exam 4: An Introduction to Cell Structure and Host-Pathogen Relationships

Flagella are very difficult to observe microscopically because

When an antibiotic targets a pathogen-specific component,its mechanism of action is

The organelle where secreted proteins are synthesized is

Which of the following are vesicles found in eukaryotic cells?

What is the endosymbiont theory? Provide an example of this process.

Which of the following statements is false?

The organelle where lysosome enzymes are packaged is

Explain why basic dyes and not acidic dyes are used when examining the morphology and arrangement of bacterial cells.

Describe three types of endocytosis in eukaryotic cells.

Discuss the difference between opportunistic and primary pathogens and the circumstances under which they cause disease.

Secretory vesicles fuse with the

In the Gram stain,_____ is used as a mordant to stabilize crystal violet in _____ cells.

A patient has been diagnosed with gonorrhea.Which of the following would be seen microscopically when examining the patient's sample?

Which of the following is not an example of a basic dye and is repelled by capsules?

Which of the following does not differentiate Gram-positive from Gram-negative organisms?

Which bacteria lose their crystal violet when the decolorizer alcohol is added during the Gram stain procedure?

Explain why ribosomes are suitable therapeutic targets for some,but not all,infections.

Name and describe the three components that contribute to the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells.

Which of the following is the first vesicle for molecules taken up by cells?

What is used for the purpose of viewing the shape and arrangement of bacteria and employs a single basic dye?

What is Microbiology and Why Does it Matter?

Fundamental Chemistry for Microbiology

Essentials of Metabolism

Requirements for Infection

Transmission of Infection, the Compromised Host, Epidemiology, and Diagnosing Infections

Principles of Disease

Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Disease

The Clinical Significance of Bacterial Anatomy

Bacterial Growth

Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease

The Structure and Infection Cycle of Viruses

Viral Infection

Parasitic and Fungal Infections

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Failures of the Immune Response

Control of Microbial Growth with Disinfectants and Antiseptics

Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Drugs

Antibiotic Resistance

Infections of the Respiratory System

Infections of the Digestive System

Infections of the Genitourinary System

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Infections of the Blood and Lymph

Infections of the Skin and Eyes

Filters

In the Gram stain,_ is used as a mordant to stabilize crystal violet in _ cells.