Exam 5: Social Structure, Social Process, and Social Reaction Theories

____________ believed that the individuals belonging to the lower class hold different values, norms and beliefs than the members of the middle class.

__________ see delinquency as a result of a lack of opportunity.

What does it mean to have access to illegitimate opportunity structure?

____________ sought to explain why juvenile crime rates were so high in an area of the city characterized by urban decay.

Name and explain the two types of social reaction theories.

Shaw and McKay identified three characteristics of interstitial areas: cultural heterogeneity, mobility, and poverty.

If lower-class students fail at school, they will not be able to attain their goal of middle-class status.This is known as status frustration.

Explain the theory of differential association.

_______ theory does not focus exclusively on delinquency committed by members of the lower-class but can be used as an explanation of delinquency among all social classes.

____________ focus on the onset and termination of delinquency at different stages over the course of one's life.

__________ focus on the relationship between socialization and delinquency.

Three social structure theories include ecological theory, strain theory, and subculture theory.

Explain social structure theories and name the three major social structure theories.

According to Merton, the _______________ mode of adaptation involves a rejection of cultural goals and a rejection of institutionalized means.

Most youths that are raised in abusive households are more likely to become delinquent and commit delinquent acts.

__________ is a factor that influences delinquency.

Explain the two major factors that influence delinquency.

Social process theories focus on the relationship between socialization and delinquency.

___________ devised theories that are examples of life force theories.

_______________ devised theories that are examples of social reaction theories.