Question 1

If left untreated, an infection with ___ can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Neisseria meningitidis 
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes 
E) Staphylococcus aureus 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Neisseria meningitidis 
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes 
E) Staphylococcus aureus C

Question 2

Which pathogen is the most common cause of neonatal pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae 
A) Staphylococcus aureus 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae E

Question 3

A common food intoxication is caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus. 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae. 
A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus. 
D) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae. A

Question 4

Necrotizing fasciitis is

Accepted Answer

A) also called impetigo. 
B) possibly caused by antibodies to Group A streptococci that cross-react with body tissues. 
C) associated with strains of Streptococcus pyogenes producing destructive enzymes and toxins. 
D) typically a sequelae of streptococcal pharyngitis. 
E) not treatable with antimicrobic drugs. 
A) also called impetigo. 
B) possibly caused by antibodies to Group A streptococci that cross-react with body tissues. 
C) associated with strains of Streptococcus pyogenes producing destructive enzymes and toxins. 
D) typically a sequelae of streptococcal pharyngitis. 
E) not treatable with antimicrobic drugs.

Question 5

Streptococcal pharyngitis involves all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A) a purulent exudate over the tonsils. 
B) can lead to scarlet fever if it is an erythrogenic toxin-producing strain. 
C) can lead to serious sequelae. 
D) is usually caused by the viridans streptococci. 
E) causes redness, difficulty in swallowing, and fever. 
A) a purulent exudate over the tonsils. 
B) can lead to scarlet fever if it is an erythrogenic toxin-producing strain. 
C) can lead to serious sequelae. 
D) is usually caused by the viridans streptococci. 
E) causes redness, difficulty in swallowing, and fever.

Question 6

The M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes

Accepted Answer

A) is the basis for the organism belonging to Lancefield Group A. 
B) gives rise to a zone of beta hemolysis on blood agar. 
C) protects against phagocytosis and enhances adherence. 
D) is also called streptokinase. 
E) protects against lysozyme damage. 
A) is the basis for the organism belonging to Lancefield Group A. 
B) gives rise to a zone of beta hemolysis on blood agar. 
C) protects against phagocytosis and enhances adherence. 
D) is also called streptokinase. 
E) protects against lysozyme damage.

Question 7

An 8-month old infant has been brought to the ER with a high fever.Her parents indicate that she has not been eating or drinking well and has been very irritable until the last few hours during which she has been only minimally responsive.Suspecting meningitis, a spinal tap is done and the CSF sample is sent to the lab for analysis.The white blood cell count on the sample is profoundly elevated, the protein content is elevated, and the glucose level is depressed.The Gram stained smear shows gram-positive cocci in pairs.Cultures are done and after overnight incubation, alpha hemolytic colonies are observed on the blood plate.These colonies contain gram-positive cocci, which are catalase negative.An optochin susceptibility test is done and there is a large zone of inhibition around the disk.What is the identification of this isolate?

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) viridans Streptococci 
C) Enterococcus faecalis 
D) Neisseria meningitidis 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) viridans Streptococci 
C) Enterococcus faecalis 
D) Neisseria meningitidis 
E) Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 8

Discuss in detail why strep sore throat must be diagnosed and treated rapidly.

Accepted Answer

Strep throat, caused by the bacteria Str

Question 9

Streptococcus pyogenes causes all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A) necrotizing fasciitis. 
B) erysipelas. 
C) impetigo. 
D) scarlet fever. 
E) scalded skin syndrome. 
A) necrotizing fasciitis. 
B) erysipelas. 
C) impetigo. 
D) scarlet fever. 
E) scalded skin syndrome.

Question 10

The toxin of Staphylococcus aureus strains that causes blisters and desquamation of skin in scalded skin syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A) enterotoxin. 
B) hemolysin. 
C) toxic shock syndrome toxin. 
D) exfoliative toxin. 
E) erythrogenic toxin. 
A) enterotoxin. 
B) hemolysin. 
C) toxic shock syndrome toxin. 
D) exfoliative toxin. 
E) erythrogenic toxin.

Question 11

Having received no prenatal care, a young woman arrives at a hospital after many hours of labor and delivers a baby girl.Three days later the baby girl is listless, nursing poorly, and is running a fever.Blood cultures are done, and after 24 hours, they are Gram stained and show the presence of gram-positive cocci in pairs and short chains.Upon subculture, these form colonies that are beta hemolytic on blood agar.Further tests demonstrate that the isolate is catalase negative, resistant to bacitracin, and is CAMP test positive.What is the identification of this organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pyogenes 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C) Streptococcus agalactiae 
D) Staphylococcus aureus 
E) Neisseria meningitidis 
A) Streptococcus pyogenes 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C) Streptococcus agalactiae 
D) Staphylococcus aureus 
E) Neisseria meningitidis

Question 12

Which chemical, produced by S.aureus, digests blood clots?

Accepted Answer

A) coagulase 
B) penicillinase 
C) staphylokinase 
D) hyaluronidase 
E) toxic shock syndrome toxin 
A) coagulase 
B) penicillinase 
C) staphylokinase 
D) hyaluronidase 
E) toxic shock syndrome toxin

Question 13

Most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes produce penicillinase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Long-term sequelae of Group A streptococcal infections include all the following, except

Accepted Answer

A) risk decreased with prompt treatment of skin infections and pharyngitis. 
B) development of rheumatic fever. 
C) appearance of sequelae within a few weeks after an initial infection. 
D) transmission of sequelae via respiratory secretions from a patient with streptococcal sore throat. 
E) development of acute glomerulonephritis. 
A) risk decreased with prompt treatment of skin infections and pharyngitis. 
B) development of rheumatic fever. 
C) appearance of sequelae within a few weeks after an initial infection. 
D) transmission of sequelae via respiratory secretions from a patient with streptococcal sore throat. 
E) development of acute glomerulonephritis.

Question 15

The instillation of antibiotics in newborn's eyes will prevent ophthalmia neonatorum in newborns.This disease is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) Neisseria meningitidis. 
B) Staphylococcus aureus. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
E) Branhamella (Moraxella) catarrhalis. 
A) Neisseria meningitidis. 
B) Staphylococcus aureus. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
E) Branhamella (Moraxella) catarrhalis.

Question 16

Acinetobacter baumanii has become a high-profile opportunistic pathogen, causing wound infections, urinary tract infections, pneumonia and septicemia.What is the reason for its high-profile nature?

Accepted Answer

A) A.baumanii has a very low infective dose and nearly everyone that contacts it gets a very serious infection. 
B) A.baumanii produces an exotoxin that causes servere diarrhea. 
C) A.baumanii is very fastidious and is difficult to culture in the laboratory. 
D) Many strains of A.baumanii are highly resistant to antibiotics. 
A) A.baumanii has a very low infective dose and nearly everyone that contacts it gets a very serious infection. 
B) A.baumanii produces an exotoxin that causes servere diarrhea. 
C) A.baumanii is very fastidious and is difficult to culture in the laboratory. 
D) Many strains of A.baumanii are highly resistant to antibiotics.

Question 17

Sue brought her daughter Amy to the pediatrician complaining of a sore throat.The physician examines Amy and observes that her throat is bright red and there are white pus-filled nodules on her tonsils.Which of the following conclusions should be made?

Accepted Answer

A) She has a strep throat and should begin antibiotics. 
B) She should have a rapid strep test performed before a diagnosis is made. 
C) She should go home and rest because most sore throats are viral in origin. 
D) She should go home and come back in two days for a strep test since it may take that long to show up. 
E) She has a staphylococcal sore throat and should begin antibiotics immediately. 
A) She has a strep throat and should begin antibiotics. 
B) She should have a rapid strep test performed before a diagnosis is made. 
C) She should go home and rest because most sore throats are viral in origin. 
D) She should go home and come back in two days for a strep test since it may take that long to show up. 
E) She has a staphylococcal sore throat and should begin antibiotics immediately.

Question 18

Streptococcus pneumoniae is

Accepted Answer

A) called the meningococcus. 
B) in the viridans group. 
C) a gram-positive diplococcus with a capsule. 
D) a pathogen with endotoxin. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) called the meningococcus. 
B) in the viridans group. 
C) a gram-positive diplococcus with a capsule. 
D) a pathogen with endotoxin. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

All species of Staphylococcus

Accepted Answer

A) produce catalase. 
B) are motile. 
C) have endospores. 
D) produce coagulase. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) produce catalase. 
B) are motile. 
C) have endospores. 
D) produce coagulase. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

All staphylococci can be differentiated from all streptococci because only staphylococci produce the enzyme
_____ that is easily detected in the lab.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All staphylococci can be differentiated from all...

Exam 18: The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

If left untreated, an infection with ___ can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.

Which pathogen is the most common cause of neonatal pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in the United States?

A common food intoxication is caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of

Necrotizing fasciitis is

Streptococcal pharyngitis involves all the following, except

The M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes

Discuss in detail why strep sore throat must be diagnosed and treated rapidly.

Streptococcus pyogenes causes all the following, except

The toxin of Staphylococcus aureus strains that causes blisters and desquamation of skin in scalded skin syndrome is

Which chemical, produced by S.aureus, digests blood clots?

Most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes produce penicillinase.

Long-term sequelae of Group A streptococcal infections include all the following, except

The instillation of antibiotics in newborn's eyes will prevent ophthalmia neonatorum in newborns.This disease is caused by

Acinetobacter baumanii has become a high-profile opportunistic pathogen, causing wound infections, urinary tract infections, pneumonia and septicemia.What is the reason for its high-profile nature?

Sue brought her daughter Amy to the pediatrician complaining of a sore throat.The physician examines Amy and observes that her throat is bright red and there are white pus-filled nodules on her tonsils.Which of the following conclusions should be made?

Streptococcus pneumoniae is

All species of Staphylococcus

All staphylococci can be differentiated from all streptococci because only staphylococci produce the enzyme _____ that is easily detected in the lab.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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