Question 1

Which of the following is a serious concern when performing PCR?

Accepted Answer

A) The high temperature needed may denature the DNA. 
B) Restriction enzymes are difficult to obtain in adequate quantities. 
C) Contaminating DNA may be introduced and amplified. 
D) Lab personnel may be exposed to radiation. 
E) PCR is a very time-consuming process. 
A) The high temperature needed may denature the DNA. 
B) Restriction enzymes are difficult to obtain in adequate quantities. 
C) Contaminating DNA may be introduced and amplified. 
D) Lab personnel may be exposed to radiation. 
E) PCR is a very time-consuming process. C

Question 2

Which of the following regions of DNA would be of most value for forensic analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA sequences that are typically identical for all humans 
B) DNA sequences that differ among humans, with a maximum of two different alleles 
C) DNA sequences that are quite variable with multiple different alleles 
D) Most DNA sequences are equally valuable for forensic analysis. 
A) DNA sequences that are typically identical for all humans 
B) DNA sequences that differ among humans, with a maximum of two different alleles 
C) DNA sequences that are quite variable with multiple different alleles 
D) Most DNA sequences are equally valuable for forensic analysis. C

Question 3

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A) polymerase chain reaction. 
B) DNA sequencing. 
C) gene probes. 
D) Southern blot. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) polymerase chain reaction. 
B) DNA sequencing. 
C) gene probes. 
D) Southern blot. 
E) All of these choices are correct. A

Question 4

The human gene for a protein hormone has been isolated.Scientists want to introduce this gene into a bacterial host, modifying the bacteria so that it can be used to produce this hormone.After successfully introducing the gene on a plasmid, the bacteria produced the protein hormone, but the protein was defective, longer than normal, with intervening stretches of amino acids not found in the native protein.What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A) The bacteria can't transcribe the human gene. 
B) The gene that was introduced contained introns. 
C) Bacterial cells cannot translate mRNAs transcribed from human genes. 
D) Bacterial ribosomes make errors when transcribing human mRNAs. 
A) The bacteria can't transcribe the human gene. 
B) The gene that was introduced contained introns. 
C) Bacterial cells cannot translate mRNAs transcribed from human genes. 
D) Bacterial ribosomes make errors when transcribing human mRNAs.

Question 5

Which PCR step causes the denaturation of double-stranded DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Add DNA polymerase and nucleotides at 72°C. 
B) Cool DNA to between 50°C and 65°C. 
C) Add primers. 
D) Heat target DNA to 94°C. 
E) Repeat the cycle of heating and cooling. 
A) Add DNA polymerase and nucleotides at 72°C. 
B) Cool DNA to between 50°C and 65°C. 
C) Add primers. 
D) Heat target DNA to 94°C. 
E) Repeat the cycle of heating and cooling.

Question 6

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called

Accepted Answer

A) genetic engineering. 
B) biotechnology. 
C) recombinant DNA technology. 
D) gel electrophoresis. 
E) gene probes. 
A) genetic engineering. 
B) biotechnology. 
C) recombinant DNA technology. 
D) gel electrophoresis. 
E) gene probes.

Question 7

Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA base sequences called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA...

Question 8

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5'to 3'direction on one strand and the 3'to 5' direction on the other strand are

Accepted Answer

A) palindromes. 
B) reverse transcriptases. 
C) restriction endonucleases. 
D) ligases. 
E) DNA polymerases. 
A) palindromes. 
B) reverse transcriptases. 
C) restriction endonucleases. 
D) ligases. 
E) DNA polymerases.

Question 9

The human gene for a protein hormone has been isolated.Scientists want to introduce this gene into a bacterial host, modifying the bacteria so that it can be used to produce this hormone.After successfully introducing the gene on a plasmid, the bacteria produced the protein hormone, but the protein was defective, longer than normal, with intervening stretches of amino acids not found in the native protein.Which solution would be most likely to resolve this problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Treat the defective protein with enzymes. 
B) Introduce human ribosomes into the bacteria. 
C) Start over, introducing a complementary DNA (cDN
A)  copy of the gene into the bacterial host. 
D) Introduce human mRNAs into the bacterial host. 
A) Treat the defective protein with enzymes. 
B) Introduce human ribosomes into the bacteria. 
C) Start over, introducing a complementary DNA (cDN
A)  copy of the gene into the bacterial host. 
D) Introduce human mRNAs into the bacterial host.

Question 10

Which of the following is less subject to degradation than is chromosomal DNA and is used as an evolutionary time clock?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrial DNA 
B) chloroplast DNA 
C) rRNA 
D) mRNA 
E) tRNA 
A) mitochondrial DNA 
B) chloroplast DNA 
C) rRNA 
D) mRNA 
E) tRNA

Question 11

In order to ensure compatibility between the target DNA and the plasmid DNA,

Accepted Answer

A) target DNA is removed from cells and isolated. 
B) cloning host is treated with calcium chloride and receives plasmid. 
C) target DNA and plasmid are treated with the same restriction endonuclease. 
D) desired protein is produced by cloning host. 
E) gene is amplified by multiplication of cloning host. 
A) target DNA is removed from cells and isolated. 
B) cloning host is treated with calcium chloride and receives plasmid. 
C) target DNA and plasmid are treated with the same restriction endonuclease. 
D) desired protein is produced by cloning host. 
E) gene is amplified by multiplication of cloning host.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of the analysis of DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

A) Larger DNA fragments move slowly and remain closer to the wells. 
B) DNA has an overall negative charge and moves to the positive pole. 
C) DNA fragments are stained to visualize them. 
D) An electric current through the gel causes DNA fragments to migrate. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) Larger DNA fragments move slowly and remain closer to the wells. 
B) DNA has an overall negative charge and moves to the positive pole. 
C) DNA fragments are stained to visualize them. 
D) An electric current through the gel causes DNA fragments to migrate. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

Sequencing a gene automatically identifies which gene it is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The function of the dideoxy (dd) nucleotides that are used in the Sanger method of DNA sequencing is to

Accepted Answer

A) denature DNA into single strands. 
B) serve as primers. 
C) be a fluorescent tag. 
D) incorporate into newly replicated DNA strands and stop elongation. 
A) denature DNA into single strands. 
B) serve as primers. 
C) be a fluorescent tag. 
D) incorporate into newly replicated DNA strands and stop elongation.

Question 15

The process of introducing a needed normal gene into human cells is called DNA mapping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Reverse transcriptase is used to make cDNA from an RNA template.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Western Blot technique detects

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) recombinant DNA. 
E) specific genetic marker sequence on genes. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) recombinant DNA. 
E) specific genetic marker sequence on genes.

Question 18

An example of gene therapy is the insertion of the gene for human growth hormone into E.coli cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called

Accepted Answer

A) palindromes. 
B) reverse transcriptases. 
C) restriction endonucleases. 
D) ligases. 
E) DNA polymerases. 
A) palindromes. 
B) reverse transcriptases. 
C) restriction endonucleases. 
D) ligases. 
E) DNA polymerases.

Question 20

When determining the sequence of nucleotides in an unknown sample of DNA, which method is used to sequence the DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) PCR 
B) Cloning 
C) The Sanger Method 
D) Southern blot hybridization 
E) Microarray analysis 
A) PCR 
B) Cloning 
C) The Sanger Method 
D) Southern blot hybridization 
E) Microarray analysis

Exam 10: Genetic Engineering: a Revolution in Molecular Biology

Which of the following is a serious concern when performing PCR?

Which of the following regions of DNA would be of most value for forensic analysis?

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by

Which PCR step causes the denaturation of double-stranded DNA?

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called

Restriction endonucleases recognize and clip at DNA base sequences called _____.

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5'to 3'direction on one strand and the 3'to 5' direction on the other strand are

Which of the following is less subject to degradation than is chromosomal DNA and is used as an evolutionary time clock?

In order to ensure compatibility between the target DNA and the plasmid DNA,

Which of the following is true of the analysis of DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis?

Sequencing a gene automatically identifies which gene it is.

The function of the dideoxy (dd) nucleotides that are used in the Sanger method of DNA sequencing is to

The process of introducing a needed normal gene into human cells is called DNA mapping.

Reverse transcriptase is used to make cDNA from an RNA template.

The Western Blot technique detects

An example of gene therapy is the insertion of the gene for human growth hormone into E.coli cells.

DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called

When determining the sequence of nucleotides in an unknown sample of DNA, which method is used to sequence the DNA?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods of Studying Microorganisms

A Survey of Prokaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

An Introduction to Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

An Introduction to Host Defenses and Innate Immunities

Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Procedures for Identifying Pathogens and Diagnosing Infections

The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance

The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance

The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance

Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease

The Fungi of Medical Importance

The Parasites of Medical Importance

Introduction to Viruses That Infect Humans: the Dna Viruses

The Rna Viruses That Infect Humans

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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