Exam 9: Principles of Research Design and Statistical Preliminaries for Analyzing Bivariate Relationships

_____ refers to the extent to which conclusions drawn on the basis of a statistical test (for example,rejection of the null hypothesis)are unaffected by violations of the assumptions underlying the test.

A disturbance variable increases _____ by increasing variability _____ groups.

Parametric statistical test assumes that there is homogeneity of variance in both groups.

If a researcher randomly places subjects in a high,medium,or no stress condition,then the control condition is _____.

Which of the following factors can influence the accuracy of a sample mean as an estimate of ì?

A cross-sectional study uses is considered a_____.

In terms of the strategies behavioral scientists use to control for confounding and disturbance variables,_____ (is)(are)applicable to both confounding and disturbance variables,while _____ can be applied only to confounding variables.

An advantage of matching over holding a variable constant is that

In matching,an individual in one group is "matched" with an individual in each of the other groups such that all of these individuals have the same value on the _____ variable.

One way an investigator can reduce sampling error is to:

Comparing subjects evaluated by a male experimenter with subjects evaluated by a female experimenter with respect to the number of tasks completed in one hour is _____.

A disturbance variable

In order to select the correct statistical test you need to know if the experimental design is_____.

An observational study manipulates an independent variable.

_____ statistics require quantitative dependent variables and are usually applied when these variables are measured on a level that at least approximates interval characteristics.

Compare and contrast between- versus within-subjects variables and designs.

A cross-sectional design is the same as a longitudinal but the latter takes longer.

A between-subjects variable is one whose values are "split up" between subjects instead of occurring completely within the same individuals.

Statistics relevant to the analysis of Bivariate relationships will focus on questions including___.

The ability to make a causal inference between two variables is a function of the statistical technique used to analyze the data that are yielded by the research design.