Exam 14: Strategies When Population Distributions Are Not Normal: Data Transformations and Rank-Order Tests

A researcher wants to compare attitudes towards fraternities at two different colleges using a t test for independent means.The scores for five randomly selected students at College A were 1,9,16,25,and 49.The scores for five randomly selected students at College B were 9,25,36,49,and 81. -For College A's transformed scores,the mean is __________,and the standard deviation is __________.

The first step in considering a data transformation is to

A researcher wants to compare attitudes towards fraternities at two different colleges using a t test for independent means.The scores for five randomly selected students at College A were 1,9,16,25,and 49.The scores for five randomly selected students at College B were 9,25,36,49,and 81. -The pooled estimate of the population variance (S²_pooled)is __________.

A nonparametric version of the t test for dependent means is the __________ test.

The mean and variance of a rank-ordered distribution depend on __________.

Describe the distributions of the following scores: a.0.5,0.9,1.1,34,38,43 b.3,35,115,119,123,124,131,136,140

If a ceiling or floor effect is present,the distribution of the scores will probably be __________.

In a rank-order procedure,scores of 6,10,17,and 25 would be converted to __________.(Give a list of numbers.)

If examining the scores in a sample suggests that the population distribution appears to be nonnormal,one solution is to apply a(n)__________,and then,having met the normal-curve assumption,carry out an ordinary parametric test.

If a Results section includes a sentence stating that "comparisons…were made using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test," the type of test used was

Which of the following represents the correct scores if 4,25,25,and 100 are transformed using a square-root transformation?

The rank-order test that would be used in the same kind of research situation as a t test for independent means is

Some statisticians have shown that instead of using the special procedures involved in rank-order tests,approximately the same results can be obtained by transforming the scores into ranks and then

The relative advantages of data transformations versus rank-order tests in terms of power

A square-root transformation might be used to make a distribution of scores that is __________ more normal.

Data transformations are legitimate

In most research situations,randomization tests are conducted by

The purpose of a data transformation is to __________.

A researcher wants to compare attitudes towards fraternities at two different colleges using a t test for independent means.The scores for five randomly selected students at College A were 1,9,16,25,and 49.The scores for five randomly selected students at College B were 9,25,36,49,and 81. -After applying a square-root transformation,the attitude scores for College A are __________.

The general name for a test that can be performed on scores from a population with a distribution of any shape is __________.