Question 1

The correct null hypothesis for a rank-order test comparing two groups is that

Accepted Answer

A) the moderate ranks are evenly distributed. 
B) the highest ranks are evenly distributed. 
C) the populations have equal means. 
D) the medians of the two populations are equal. 
A) the moderate ranks are evenly distributed. 
B) the highest ranks are evenly distributed. 
C) the populations have equal means. 
D) the medians of the two populations are equal. D

Question 2

Which of the following represents the correct scores if 1,4,25,and 81 are transformed using a square-root transformation?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2,5,9 
B) 1,4,25,81 
C) 4,4,25,25 
D) 1,2,3,4 
A) 1,2,5,9 
B) 1,4,25,81 
C) 4,4,25,25 
D) 1,2,3,4 A

Question 3

In research articles,data transformations are usually mentioned in the

Accepted Answer

A) discussion section. 
B) reference list. 
C) participants section. 
D) results section. 
A) discussion section. 
B) reference list. 
C) participants section. 
D) results section. D

Question 4

A consultant to a large real estate sales company decided to see if sales agents who attended a seminar on the value of having an internal locus of control had different sales rates than those who attended an ordinary sales seminar.Ten agents were randomly selected and randomly assigned to a group.After the seminar,members of the experimental (internal locus)group ranked 7,5.5,4,10,and 2 in sales; members of the control (ordinary sales)group ranked 3,9,1,8,and 5.5 in sales.
a.Using a standard t test for independent means on the ranks and the .05 significance level,did type of seminar make a difference in sales rates in the company?
b.Explain your analysis to a person who is familiar with the t test for independent means,but not with rank-order procedures or the issues associated with them.

Accepted Answer

A)t needed (df = 8,p < .05,2-t

Question 5

Because the distribution of rank-order scores is known exactly,rather than being estimated,rank-order tests

Accepted Answer

A) do not require estimating any population parameters. 
B) are used in most actual studies. 
C) are almost always preferred over square-root transformations. 
D) require drawing additional samples. 
A) do not require estimating any population parameters. 
B) are used in most actual studies. 
C) are almost always preferred over square-root transformations. 
D) require drawing additional samples.

Question 6

A common transformation procedure when scores are positively skewed is the

Accepted Answer

A) square-root transformation. 
B) squared transformation. 
C) exponential transformation. 
D) sign-reversal transformation. 
A) square-root transformation. 
B) squared transformation. 
C) exponential transformation. 
D) sign-reversal transformation.

Question 7

The rank-order test that would be used in the same kind of research situation as the correlation coefficient is

Accepted Answer

A) the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. 
B) the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. 
C) the Kruskal-Wallis H test. 
D) Spearman's rho. 
A) the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. 
B) the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. 
C) the Kruskal-Wallis H test. 
D) Spearman's rho.

Question 8

A developmental psychologist comparing infants of three different temperaments on their ability to recognize faces found that the scores for the infants with Temperament I were 577,131,and 629; the scores for the infants with Temperament II were 508,483,and 220; and the scores for the infants with Temperament III were 1907,1104,and 1569.
a.Conduct a standard one-way analysis of variance,but with ranks instead of recognition scores.Using the .05 level,do these results suggest that among infants in general,these kinds of temperaments make a difference in ability to recognize faces?
b.Explain and justify your analysis to a person who is familiar with the one-way analysis of variance,but not with rank-order procedures or the issues associated with them.

Accepted Answer

A)F needed (df = 2,6; p < .05)= 5.14 Tem

Question 9

Bootstrap tests are an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) computer-intensive method. 
B) post-hoc test. 
C) unequal distribution comparison. 
D) marginal test. 
A) computer-intensive method. 
B) post-hoc test. 
C) unequal distribution comparison. 
D) marginal test.

Question 10

An extreme score that is at the far end of a sample distribution is called a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An extreme score that is at the...

Question 11

If a sample's scores are skewed to the right,the transformation that can be used to make the distribution of scores closer to a normal curve is a(n)__________ transformation.

Accepted Answer

square-roo

Question 12

A distribution of rank-ordered scores will always be

Accepted Answer

A) a normal curve. 
B) bimodal. 
C) rectangular. 
D) skewed. 
A) a normal curve. 
B) bimodal. 
C) rectangular. 
D) skewed.

Question 13

Which of the following is part of the randomization test procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) ordering the difference scores from lowest to highest 
B) rank-ordering the scores within each group 
C) looking up the cutoff score or critical value in a standard table 
D) applying a square-root transformation 
A) ordering the difference scores from lowest to highest 
B) rank-ordering the scores within each group 
C) looking up the cutoff score or critical value in a standard table 
D) applying a square-root transformation

Question 14

For the scores 0.8,1.1,1.7,1.7,2.3,and 2.6,the shape of the distribution is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) approximately normal 
B) positively skewed 
C) negatively skewed 
D) rectangular 
A) approximately normal 
B) positively skewed 
C) negatively skewed 
D) rectangular

Question 15

One indication that a population is not normally distributed is when

Accepted Answer

A) a small sample drawn from the population is positively skewed. 
B) two variables are measured at the same time. 
C) a scale or index is used for the measured variable. 
D) a ceiling or floor effect is present in a large sample. 
A) a small sample drawn from the population is positively skewed. 
B) two variables are measured at the same time. 
C) a scale or index is used for the measured variable. 
D) a ceiling or floor effect is present in a large sample.

Question 16

Describe the distributions of the following scores:
a.-998,-971,-968,-5,-3,-3
b.-7,-3,-1,0,1,2,3,8

Accepted Answer

A)bimodal,kurtotic,h

Question 17

A disadvantage of both data transformations and rank-ordered tests is that they

Accepted Answer

A) are not as familiar as computer-intensive methods. 
B) can distort the meaning of the scores. 
C) cannot be used for complex situations. 
D) may not normalize the distribution of scores. 
A) are not as familiar as computer-intensive methods. 
B) can distort the meaning of the scores. 
C) cannot be used for complex situations. 
D) may not normalize the distribution of scores.

Question 18

The advantages of the familiar,precise parametric techniques over nonparametric methods can be obtained by __________.

Accepted Answer

data transformations

Question 19

The mean and variance of rank-ordered scores depends on

Accepted Answer

A) the number of groups. 
B) the most frequent score. 
C) the number of scores that are ranked. 
D) the mean and variance of the untransformed scores. 
A) the number of groups. 
B) the most frequent score. 
C) the number of scores that are ranked. 
D) the mean and variance of the untransformed scores.

Question 20

A sample drawn from a normally distributed population

Accepted Answer

A) might have more members than the population. 
B) is sometimes approximately normally distributed. 
C) is always approximately normally distributed. 
D) is never approximately normally distributed. 
A) might have more members than the population. 
B) is sometimes approximately normally distributed. 
C) is always approximately normally distributed. 
D) is never approximately normally distributed.

The correct null hypothesis for a rank-order test comparing two groups is that

Which of the following represents the correct scores if 1,4,25,and 81 are transformed using a square-root transformation?

In research articles,data transformations are usually mentioned in the

Because the distribution of rank-order scores is known exactly,rather than being estimated,rank-order tests

A common transformation procedure when scores are positively skewed is the

The rank-order test that would be used in the same kind of research situation as the correlation coefficient is

Bootstrap tests are an example of a(n)

An extreme score that is at the far end of a sample distribution is called a(n)__________.

If a sample's scores are skewed to the right,the transformation that can be used to make the distribution of scores closer to a normal curve is a(n)__________ transformation.

A distribution of rank-ordered scores will always be

Which of the following is part of the randomization test procedure?

For the scores 0.8,1.1,1.7,1.7,2.3,and 2.6,the shape of the distribution is __________.

One indication that a population is not normally distributed is when

Describe the distributions of the following scores: a.-998,-971,-968,-5,-3,-3 b.-7,-3,-1,0,1,2,3,8

A disadvantage of both data transformations and rank-ordered tests is that they

The advantages of the familiar,precise parametric techniques over nonparametric methods can be obtained by __________.

The mean and variance of rank-ordered scores depends on

A sample drawn from a normally distributed population

Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers

Central Tendency and Variability

Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics: Z Scores,the Normal Curve, Sample Versus Population, and Probability

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Tests With Means of Samples

Making Sense of Statistical Significance:decision Errors, Effect Size, and Statistical Power

Introduction to T Tests: Single Sample and Dependent Means

The T Test for Independent Means

Introduction to the Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Prediction

Chi-Square Tests

The General Linear Model and Making Sense of Advanced Statistical Procedures in Research Articles

Filters

Exam 14: Strategies When Population Distributions Are Not Normal: Data Transformations and Rank-Order Tests

The correct null hypothesis for a rank-order test comparing two groups is that

Which of the following represents the correct scores if 1,4,25,and 81 are transformed using a square-root transformation?

In research articles,data transformations are usually mentioned in the

Because the distribution of rank-order scores is known exactly,rather than being estimated,rank-order tests

A common transformation procedure when scores are positively skewed is the

The rank-order test that would be used in the same kind of research situation as the correlation coefficient is

Bootstrap tests are an example of a(n)

An extreme score that is at the far end of a sample distribution is called a(n)__________.

If a sample's scores are skewed to the right,the transformation that can be used to make the distribution of scores closer to a normal curve is a(n)__________ transformation.

A distribution of rank-ordered scores will always be

Which of the following is part of the randomization test procedure?

For the scores 0.8,1.1,1.7,1.7,2.3,and 2.6,the shape of the distribution is __________.

One indication that a population is not normally distributed is when

Describe the distributions of the following scores: a.-998,-971,-968,-5,-3,-3 b.-7,-3,-1,0,1,2,3,8

A disadvantage of both data transformations and rank-ordered tests is that they

The advantages of the familiar,precise parametric techniques over nonparametric methods can be obtained by __________.

The mean and variance of rank-ordered scores depends on

A sample drawn from a normally distributed population

Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers

Central Tendency and Variability

Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics: Z Scores,the Normal Curve, Sample Versus Population, and Probability

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Tests With Means of Samples

Making Sense of Statistical Significance:decision Errors, Effect Size, and Statistical Power

Introduction to T Tests: Single Sample and Dependent Means

The T Test for Independent Means

Introduction to the Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Prediction

Chi-Square Tests

The General Linear Model and Making Sense of Advanced Statistical Procedures in Research Articles

Filters