Exam 1: Introduction-Exam

A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients.The patients are randomly assigned to be in a high-exercise or low-exercise training program for 8 weeks.At the end of the program,their stamina is measured by seeing how long they can walk comfortably on a treadmill.In this study,the dependent variable is:

The structure of Miss Darby's elementary classroom in New York City is based on the sociocultural cognitive theory of Lev Vygotsky.Her classroom would likely be characterized by all but which of the following?

In ethological theory,the term __________ is defined as innate learning within a short period of time that involves a newborn's becoming attached to the first moving thing the newborn sees.

The developmental period from conception to birth.

List (in order)the eight stages of psychosocial development that were proposed by Erik Erikson.

Laboratory observations can be less effective than naturalistic observations because laboratory observations:

A theoretical perspective maintaining that we can study scientifically only what can be directly observed and measured.

"Students at this age are full of surprises," comments the high school teacher."They come in looking and acting like punk rockers one day,then like nuns and monks the next!" Erik Erikson would say these students are:

Mary's parents fight quite often over money.In an attempt to stop the fighting and to save the family money,Mary decides that she will not ask for anything for her birthday or any holiday.Mary's actions are being expressed in which of Urie Bronfenbrenner's systems?

Ahkilia is bitter and resentful.She looks back on her life and realizes that she has made many mistakes and was too fearful to reach for her goals.At 82 years old,she knows it is too late to make any significant changes.Ahkilia is living in:

Kyesha is 80 years old and is typical of a growing number of older adults.Kyesha MOST LIKELY lives:

Winona was found to have childhood depression;she goes on to have depression for the rest of her adult life.This is an example of which characteristic of development?

A setting in which development occurs,such as a school or neighborhood.

Continuity is to __________ as discontinuity is to _________.

The difference between a control group and an experimental group is that the:

The issue or controversy over whether development is quantitative (fluid)or qualitative (stagelike).

In a cross-sectional study,individuals of __________ age groups are compared at one time.

Identify and describe the three ways that age has been conceptualized by life-span researchers.

A person's position within society based on occupational,educational,and economic characteristics.

Informed consent in research contains all of the following,EXCEPT: