Question 1

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for speech?

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) Primary gustatory area 
C) Common integrative area 
D) Prefrontal cortex area 
E) Primary somatosensory area 
A) Broca's area 
B) Primary gustatory area 
C) Common integrative area 
D) Prefrontal cortex area 
E) Primary somatosensory area A

Question 2

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has a somatic motor function primarily involved in moving the upper eyelid and eyeball?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) F 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) F C

Question 3

In 1848,a railroad worker named Phineas Gage was seriously injured during an explosion on the job.A tapered metal rod ranging from 0.25 inches to 1.25 inches in diameter and over 3 feet long entered his skull just under his left cheek bone and exited through the top of his skull.The rod was found over twenty feet away.Amazingly,Gage lived even though he suffered massive damage to the left front of his brain.His personality and intellectual abilities changed,however.Before the accident,he was respected as a smart,capable and even-tempered man.After the accident,he was foul-mouthed and bad-tempered and could not make up his mind.In the years immediately preceding his death,he began to have epileptic seizures.Explain the changes observed in Mr.Gage based on your knowledge of the brain.

Accepted Answer

The accident apparently damaged the frontal lobe and specifically the prefrontal cortex of the left side of Mr.Gage's brain.The frontal lobe is involved in memory and intellect.The prefrontal cortex is involved in judgment,ethics,and conscious.The changes Mr.Gage experienced indicate that the right side of his brain could not compensate for the losses on the left side of the brain.It is remarkable that the story doesn't mention that Mr.Gage lost some motor function on his right side since it is controlled by the primary motor region on left side of the brain.There is also no mention of loss of speech,which is largely processed on the left side of the brain.Perhaps the iron rod just missed those areas.As far as the epileptic seizures are concerned,it is possible that the accident damaged the basal ganglia to some degree.As he aged and lost connections between neurons that damage might have become more evident as the basal ganglia could no longer communicate effectively with the rest of the brain.

Question 4

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has an autonomic motor function primarily involved in the secretion of saliva and tears?

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) F 
E) G 
A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) F 
E) G

Question 5

Patients with damage in the left hemisphere often exhibit aphasia (inability to use or comprehend words).This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) apraxia. 
B) delirium. 
C) cerebral lacerations. 
D) hemispheric lateralization. 
E) decussations. 
A) apraxia. 
B) delirium. 
C) cerebral lacerations. 
D) hemispheric lateralization. 
E) decussations.

Question 6

Which three areas of gray matter found in each cerebral hemisphere are important in helping to control the initiation and termination of skeletal muscle movements?

Accepted Answer

A) red nuclei 
B) vestibular nuclei 
C) lateral olivary nuclei 
D) basal nuclei 
E) autonomic ganglia 
A) red nuclei 
B) vestibular nuclei 
C) lateral olivary nuclei 
D) basal nuclei 
E) autonomic ganglia

Question 7

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 8

Which of the following types of tracts are used to conduct nerve impulses between gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

A) Association tracts 
B) Commissural tracts 
C) Projection tracts 
D) Mammillothalamic tracts 
E) Stria medullaris 
A) Association tracts 
B) Commissural tracts 
C) Projection tracts 
D) Mammillothalamic tracts 
E) Stria medullaris

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a major region of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) Brain stem 
B) Cerebellum 
C) Cauda equina 
D) Diencephalon 
E) Cerebrum 
A) Brain stem 
B) Cerebellum 
C) Cauda equina 
D) Diencephalon 
E) Cerebrum

Question 10

An electroencephalogram (EEG)measures brain waves primarily generated by

Accepted Answer

A) neurons in the pons. 
B) neurons in the medulla oblongata. 
C) neurons in the thalamus. 
D) neurons in the cerebral cortex. 
E) neurons in the cerebellum. 
A) neurons in the pons. 
B) neurons in the medulla oblongata. 
C) neurons in the thalamus. 
D) neurons in the cerebral cortex. 
E) neurons in the cerebellum.

Question 11

Damage to which of the cranial nerves in the diagram would result in strabismus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) E 
E) G 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) E 
E) G

Question 12

Which of the following glands is directly controlled by hormones produced by the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) Posterior pituitary gland 
B) Anterior pituitary gland 
C) Thymus gland 
D) Pancreas 
E) Pineal gland 
A) Posterior pituitary gland 
B) Anterior pituitary gland 
C) Thymus gland 
D) Pancreas 
E) Pineal gland

Question 13

Which of the following are networks of capillaries that produce cerebrospinal fluid and are found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) Choroid plexuses 
B) Lateral apertures 
C) Interventricular foramina 
D) Brachial plexuses 
E) Aqueduct of the midbrain 
A) Choroid plexuses 
B) Lateral apertures 
C) Interventricular foramina 
D) Brachial plexuses 
E) Aqueduct of the midbrain

Question 14

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram contains centers that control heart rate and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F 
A) A 
B) B 
C) D 
D) E 
E) F

Question 15

Which of the following is a fluid-filled cavity located in each hemisphere of the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

A) Lateral ventricle 
B) Septum pellucidum 
C) Fourth ventricle 
D) Third ventricle 
E) Corpus callosum 
A) Lateral ventricle 
B) Septum pellucidum 
C) Fourth ventricle 
D) Third ventricle 
E) Corpus callosum

Question 16

Which region of the brain serves as the major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord and brain stem?

Accepted Answer

A) Thalamus 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Epithalamus 
D) Pons 
E) Midbrain 
A) Thalamus 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Epithalamus 
D) Pons 
E) Midbrain

Question 17

Which of the following is a narrow fluid-filled cavity found along the midline superior to the hypothalamus and between the right and left halves of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) Lateral ventricle 
B) Septum pellucidum 
C) Third ventricle 
D) Fourth ventricle 
E) Fifth ventricle 
A) Lateral ventricle 
B) Septum pellucidum 
C) Third ventricle 
D) Fourth ventricle 
E) Fifth ventricle

Question 18

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) Primary visual area 
C) Common integrative area 
D) Primary olfactory area 
E) Primary somatosensory area 
A) Broca's area 
B) Primary visual area 
C) Common integrative area 
D) Primary olfactory area 
E) Primary somatosensory area

Question 19

A deep indentation found along the medial plane that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the

Accepted Answer

A) septum pellucidum. 
B) transverse fissure. 
C) tentorium cerebelli. 
D) corpus callosum. 
E) longitudinal fissure. 
A) septum pellucidum. 
B) transverse fissure. 
C) tentorium cerebelli. 
D) corpus callosum. 
E) longitudinal fissure.

Question 20

Which of the following meninges has two layers?

Accepted Answer

A) Spinal dura mater 
B) Cranial dura mater 
C) Spinal arachnoid mater 
D) Cranial arachnoid mater 
E) All of these choices 
A) Spinal dura mater 
B) Cranial dura mater 
C) Spinal arachnoid mater 
D) Cranial arachnoid mater 
E) All of these choices

Exam 14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for speech?

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has a somatic motor function primarily involved in moving the upper eyelid and eyeball?

Which cranial nerve in the diagram has an autonomic motor function primarily involved in the secretion of saliva and tears?

Patients with damage in the left hemisphere often exhibit aphasia (inability to use or comprehend words).This is an example of

Which three areas of gray matter found in each cerebral hemisphere are important in helping to control the initiation and termination of skeletal muscle movements?

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the thalamus?

Which of the following types of tracts are used to conduct nerve impulses between gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere?

Which of the following is NOT a major region of the brain?

An electroencephalogram (EEG)measures brain waves primarily generated by

Damage to which of the cranial nerves in the diagram would result in strabismus?

Which of the following glands is directly controlled by hormones produced by the hypothalamus?

Which of the following are networks of capillaries that produce cerebrospinal fluid and are found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain?

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram contains centers that control heart rate and blood pressure?

Which of the following is a fluid-filled cavity located in each hemisphere of the cerebrum?

Which region of the brain serves as the major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord and brain stem?

Which of the following is a narrow fluid-filled cavity found along the midline superior to the hypothalamus and between the right and left halves of the thalamus?

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for vision?

A deep indentation found along the medial plane that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the

Which of the following meninges has two layers?

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System Unit Ii: Principles of Support and Movement

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System Unit Iii: Control Systems of the Human Body

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System Unit Iv: Maintenance of the Human Body

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to Disease, and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis Unit V: Continuity

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

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