Question 1

Which protein is the main protein buffer in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

A) Albumin 
B) Hemoglobin 
C) Complement 
D) Fibrin 
E) Calmodulin 
A) Albumin 
B) Hemoglobin 
C) Complement 
D) Fibrin 
E) Calmodulin A

Question 2

The rate of fluid intake and outflow is how much higher in an infant than in an adult?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 times higher 
B) 5 times higher 
C) 7 times higher 
D) 10 times higher 
E) They are equal 
A) 2 times higher 
B) 5 times higher 
C) 7 times higher 
D) 10 times higher 
E) They are equal C

Question 3

In intracellular fluid the most abundant cation is:

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3- 
A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3- C

Question 4

Normal blood Na+ levels are 136-148 mEq/L.An elderly patient has a blood Na+ of 105 mEq/L.Describe the patient's condition and the signs and symptoms that usually accompany that condition.Be sure to include the functions of Na+ in the body in your answer.

Accepted Answer

The patient has hyponatremia,or low Na⁺ c

Question 5

PTH,calcitriol and calcitonin are

Accepted Answer

A) The main regulators of magnesium in the blood 
B) The main regulators of phosphate in the blood 
C) The main regulators of calcium in the blood 
D) The main regulators of NaCl in the blood 
E) None of these choices 
A) The main regulators of magnesium in the blood 
B) The main regulators of phosphate in the blood 
C) The main regulators of calcium in the blood 
D) The main regulators of NaCl in the blood 
E) None of these choices

Question 6

Which cells of the kidney are the most important for regulation of pH of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A) Glomerular podocytes 
B) Principal cells 
C) PCT cells 
D) DCT cells 
E) Intercalated cells 
A) Glomerular podocytes 
B) Principal cells 
C) PCT cells 
D) DCT cells 
E) Intercalated cells

Question 7

Inadequate exhalation of carbon dioxide can cause

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pH to drop 
B) Alkalosis 
C) Respiratory compensation 
D) Unequal distribution of water 
E) Metabolic alkalosis 
A) Blood pH to drop 
B) Alkalosis 
C) Respiratory compensation 
D) Unequal distribution of water 
E) Metabolic alkalosis

Question 8

In extracellular fluid the most abundant anion is:

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3- 
A) Na+ 
B) Cl- 
C) K+ 
D) HPO42- 
E) HCO3-

Question 9

Which of the following makes up the largest single component of the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) Skin 
B) Water 
C) Blood 
D) Organs 
E) Electrolytes 
A) Skin 
B) Water 
C) Blood 
D) Organs 
E) Electrolytes

Question 10

What part of the brain is considered to be the thirst center?

Accepted Answer

A) Thalamus 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Midbrain 
D) Brain stem 
E) Cerebrum 
A) Thalamus 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Midbrain 
D) Brain stem 
E) Cerebrum

Question 11

Which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Hemorrhage 
B) Vomiting 
C) Pneumothroax 
D) Diabetes 
E) Cancer 
A) Hemorrhage 
B) Vomiting 
C) Pneumothroax 
D) Diabetes 
E) Cancer

Question 12

The breathing rate of an infant

Accepted Answer

A) Is twice as fast as an adult 
B) Causes greater water loss from the lungs 
C) Removes less carbon dioxide than in an adult 
D) Makes the infant blood more acidic 
E) Is normal to an adult 
A) Is twice as fast as an adult 
B) Causes greater water loss from the lungs 
C) Removes less carbon dioxide than in an adult 
D) Makes the infant blood more acidic 
E) Is normal to an adult

Question 13

Which disorder can result in respiratory alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A) emphysema 
B) airway obstruction 
C) use of certain diuretics 
D) cerebrovascular accident 
E) accumulation of acid 
A) emphysema 
B) airway obstruction 
C) use of certain diuretics 
D) cerebrovascular accident 
E) accumulation of acid

Question 14

Which of the following is a condition where blood pH is below 7.35?

Accepted Answer

A) Isodosis 
B) Acidosis 
C) Alkalosis 
D) Alkalemia 
E) None of these choices 
A) Isodosis 
B) Acidosis 
C) Alkalosis 
D) Alkalemia 
E) None of these choices

Question 15

Which of the following is the main factor that determines body fluid volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Thirst center 
B) Fluid balance 
C) Urinary salt loss 
D) Compartmentalizing 
E) None of these choices 
A) Thirst center 
B) Fluid balance 
C) Urinary salt loss 
D) Compartmentalizing 
E) None of these choices

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of an electrolyte in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Controlling osmosis between compartments 
B) Maintaining acid-base balance 
C) Carry electrical currents 
D) Serve as cofactors 
E) All of these choices 
A) Controlling osmosis between compartments 
B) Maintaining acid-base balance 
C) Carry electrical currents 
D) Serve as cofactors 
E) All of these choices

Question 17

Which of the following is the most plentiful buffer in the tubular fluid of the kidney collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

A) Bicarbonate ion 
B) Monohydrogen phosphate ion 
C) Ammonium ion 
D) Dihydrogen phosphate ion 
E) None of these 
A) Bicarbonate ion 
B) Monohydrogen phosphate ion 
C) Ammonium ion 
D) Dihydrogen phosphate ion 
E) None of these

Question 18

Buffer systems,exhaling carbon dioxide and excretion by the kidneys,are all

Accepted Answer

A) Ways to balance interstitial fluid 
B) Means of balancing blood volume 
C) Ways of controlling H+ levels in the body 
D) Ways to make ions 
E) Ways to increase blood volume 
A) Ways to balance interstitial fluid 
B) Means of balancing blood volume 
C) Ways of controlling H+ levels in the body 
D) Ways to make ions 
E) Ways to increase blood volume

Question 19

Metabolic reactions can produce

Accepted Answer

A) H+ 
B) HCO3- 
C) Nonvolatile acids 
D) Volatile bases 
E) Ca+ 
A) H+ 
B) HCO3- 
C) Nonvolatile acids 
D) Volatile bases 
E) Ca+

Question 20

Describe the negative feedback loop that stimulates thirst as a result of dehydration.

Accepted Answer

Dehydration causes 1)decreased flow of s

Exam 27: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis Unit V: Continuity

Which protein is the main protein buffer in blood plasma?

The rate of fluid intake and outflow is how much higher in an infant than in an adult?

In intracellular fluid the most abundant cation is:

Normal blood Na+ levels are 136-148 mEq/L.An elderly patient has a blood Na+ of 105 mEq/L.Describe the patient's condition and the signs and symptoms that usually accompany that condition.Be sure to include the functions of Na+ in the body in your answer.

PTH,calcitriol and calcitonin are

Which cells of the kidney are the most important for regulation of pH of body fluids?

Inadequate exhalation of carbon dioxide can cause

In extracellular fluid the most abundant anion is:

Which of the following makes up the largest single component of the human body?

What part of the brain is considered to be the thirst center?

Which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

The breathing rate of an infant

Which disorder can result in respiratory alkalosis?

Which of the following is a condition where blood pH is below 7.35?

Which of the following is the main factor that determines body fluid volume?

Which of the following is a function of an electrolyte in the body?

Which of the following is the most plentiful buffer in the tubular fluid of the kidney collecting duct?

Buffer systems,exhaling carbon dioxide and excretion by the kidneys,are all

Metabolic reactions can produce

Describe the negative feedback loop that stimulates thirst as a result of dehydration.

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System Unit Ii: Principles of Support and Movement

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System Unit Iii: Control Systems of the Human Body

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System Unit Iv: Maintenance of the Human Body

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to Disease, and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Normal blood Na⁺ levels are 136-148 mEq/L.An elderly patient has a blood Na⁺ of 105 mEq/L.Describe the patient's condition and the signs and symptoms that usually accompany that condition.Be sure to include the functions of Na⁺ in the body in your answer.