Question 1

Briefly explain the difference between transcription and translation.

Accepted Answer

Transcription is making mRNA from DNA and it occurs in the nucleus,while translation is making a protein from the information in mRNA and happens in the cytosol of the cell.
Question

Question 2

Microfilaments,intermediate filaments and microtubules are all components of a cell's

Accepted Answer

A) cytoskeleton. 
B) nucleus. 
C) plasma membrane. 
D) flagella. 
E) ribosome. 
A) cytoskeleton. 
B) nucleus. 
C) plasma membrane. 
D) flagella. 
E) ribosome. A

Question 3

The following is a particular sequence of codon on mRNA: ACU.What is the corresponding anti-codon for the tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) UGA 
B) UCA 
C) TGA 
D) TCA 
E) AUC 
A) UGA 
B) UCA 
C) TGA 
D) TCA 
E) AUC A

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion of a chemical across a plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) concentration gradient of the chemical across the membrane 
B) mass of the diffusing chemical 
C) distance that the chemical has to diffuse 
D) amount of ATP available 
E) temperature 
A) concentration gradient of the chemical across the membrane 
B) mass of the diffusing chemical 
C) distance that the chemical has to diffuse 
D) amount of ATP available 
E) temperature

Question 5

Describe briefly what is occurring at each step in the figure.

Accepted Answer

This figure represents protein synthesis

Question 6

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles can engulf a worn-out organelle,digest its chemical components,and recycle those digested components?

Accepted Answer

A) peroxisomes 
B) mitochondria 
C) proteasome 
D) ribosomes 
E) lysosomes 
A) peroxisomes 
B) mitochondria 
C) proteasome 
D) ribosomes 
E) lysosomes

Question 7

Which of the following transport processes moves substances through cells using endocytosis on one side of a cell and exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) phagocytosis 
B) secondary active transport 
C) transcytosis 
D) osmosis 
E) simple diffusion 
A) phagocytosis 
B) secondary active transport 
C) transcytosis 
D) osmosis 
E) simple diffusion

Question 8

Specialized structures within a cell that have a characteristic shape and perform specific functions in cellular growth,maintenance and reproduction are called

Accepted Answer

A) organelles. 
B) cytoskeletons. 
C) cytoplasm. 
D) cytosol. 
E) nuclei. 
A) organelles. 
B) cytoskeletons. 
C) cytoplasm. 
D) cytosol. 
E) nuclei.

Question 9

Compare and contrast primary and secondary active transport.

Accepted Answer

Both are energy requiring transport proc

Question 10

What other organelle besides the nucleus contain DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Golgi complex 
B) lysosome 
C) ribosomes 
D) mitochondrion 
E) centrosome 
A) Golgi complex 
B) lysosome 
C) ribosomes 
D) mitochondrion 
E) centrosome

Question 11

The following is a particular sequence of base triplet on a DNA molecule: ATG.What is the corresponding codon for the mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) TAC 
B) GUA 
C) GTA 
D) CTA 
E) UAC 
A) TAC 
B) GUA 
C) GTA 
D) CTA 
E) UAC

Question 12

This type of membrane protein anchors cells to neighboring cells and to protein filaments found outside or inside the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) transporters 
B) receptors 
C) ligands 
D) ion channels 
E) linkers 
A) transporters 
B) receptors 
C) ligands 
D) ion channels 
E) linkers

Question 13

In the diagram,which panel shows events occurring during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 14

During this phase of cell division,the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cells.The cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase.

Accepted Answer

A) interphase 
B) prophase 
C) metaphase 
D) anaphase 
E) telophase 
A) interphase 
B) prophase 
C) metaphase 
D) anaphase 
E) telophase

Question 15

Which of the following transport processes uses vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) osmosis 
E) Both endocytosis and exocytosis. 
A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) osmosis 
E) Both endocytosis and exocytosis.

Question 16

What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A) plasma membrane,organelles,cytoplasm 
B) plasma membrane,organelles,nucleus 
C) plasma membrane,cytoplasm,organelles 
D) plasma membrane,cytoplasm,nucleus 
E) plasma membrane,cytosol,organelles 
A) plasma membrane,organelles,cytoplasm 
B) plasma membrane,organelles,nucleus 
C) plasma membrane,cytoplasm,organelles 
D) plasma membrane,cytoplasm,nucleus 
E) plasma membrane,cytosol,organelles

Question 17

The major function of mitochondria is to

Accepted Answer

A) move the cell. 
B) generate ATP. 
C) produce proteins. 
D) oxidize organelles. 
E) synthesize glycolipids. 
A) move the cell. 
B) generate ATP. 
C) produce proteins. 
D) oxidize organelles. 
E) synthesize glycolipids.

Question 18

In this type of transport process,a solute (e.g.glucose)binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane.This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis 
B) active transport 
C) secondary active transport 
D) facilitated diffusion 
E) endocytosis 
A) osmosis 
B) active transport 
C) secondary active transport 
D) facilitated diffusion 
E) endocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding to hormones and neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A) transporters 
B) receptors 
C) enzymes 
D) linkers 
E) cell identification markers 
A) transporters 
B) receptors 
C) enzymes 
D) linkers 
E) cell identification markers

Question 20

The difference in concentration of a specific chemical,like Na+,on the inside and outside of a plasma is referred as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) electrochemical potential. 
B) membrane potential. 
C) electrical gradient. 
D) concentration gradient. 
E) biological capacitance. 
A) electrochemical potential. 
B) membrane potential. 
C) electrical gradient. 
D) concentration gradient. 
E) biological capacitance.

Exam 3: The Cellular Level of Organization

Briefly explain the difference between transcription and translation.

Microfilaments,intermediate filaments and microtubules are all components of a cell's

The following is a particular sequence of codon on mRNA: ACU.What is the corresponding anti-codon for the tRNA?

Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion of a chemical across a plasma membrane?

Describe briefly what is occurring at each step in the figure.

Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles can engulf a worn-out organelle,digest its chemical components,and recycle those digested components?

Which of the following transport processes moves substances through cells using endocytosis on one side of a cell and exocytosis on the opposite side of the cell?

Specialized structures within a cell that have a characteristic shape and perform specific functions in cellular growth,maintenance and reproduction are called

Compare and contrast primary and secondary active transport.

What other organelle besides the nucleus contain DNA?

The following is a particular sequence of base triplet on a DNA molecule: ATG.What is the corresponding codon for the mRNA?

This type of membrane protein anchors cells to neighboring cells and to protein filaments found outside or inside the cell.

In the diagram,which panel shows events occurring during anaphase?

During this phase of cell division,the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cells.The cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase.

Which of the following transport processes uses vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the extracellular fluid?

What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell?

The major function of mitochondria is to

In this type of transport process,a solute (e.g.glucose)binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane.This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane.

Which of the following types of membrane proteins function by recognizing and binding to hormones and neurotransmitters?

The difference in concentration of a specific chemical,like Na+,on the inside and outside of a plasma is referred as a(n)

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System Unit Ii: Principles of Support and Movement

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System Unit Iii: Control Systems of the Human Body

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System Unit Iv: Maintenance of the Human Body

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to Disease, and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis Unit V: Continuity

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

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