Question 1

An extreme _____________ is an individual who attempt to evaluate every option for every choice until they find the perfect fit.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An extreme _____________ is an individual who...

Question 2

What are the rules that govern how words are strung together into meaningful sentences?

Accepted Answer

A) semantics 
B) pragmatics 
C) morphemics 
D) syntax 
A) semantics 
B) pragmatics 
C) morphemics 
D) syntax

Question 3

The linguistic relativity hypothesis suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A) one's language determines the pattern of one's thinking and view of the world. 
B) one's thinking and view of the world determines the structure of one's language. 
C) we decide which objects belong to a concept according to what is most probable or sensible,given the facts at hand. 
D) perception of surface structure precedes deep structure in understanding a sentence. 
A) one's language determines the pattern of one's thinking and view of the world. 
B) one's thinking and view of the world determines the structure of one's language. 
C) we decide which objects belong to a concept according to what is most probable or sensible,given the facts at hand. 
D) perception of surface structure precedes deep structure in understanding a sentence.

Question 4

The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.

Accepted Answer

A) prototype 
B) mental set 
C) superconcept 
D) category 
A) prototype 
B) mental set 
C) superconcept 
D) category

Question 5

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

Accepted Answer

A) Language uses sounds to communicate. 
B) Language communicates information about the past and the future. 
C) Language can be used to pass information between individuals. 
D) Language is important for survival. 
A) Language uses sounds to communicate. 
B) Language communicates information about the past and the future. 
C) Language can be used to pass information between individuals. 
D) Language is important for survival.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about the use of the representativeness heuristic to make judgments?

Accepted Answer

A) Use of the representativeness heuristic almost always leads to incorrect judgments. 
B) Use of the representativeness heuristic almost always leads to correct judgments. 
C) In many cases the representativeness heuristic leads to correct judgments,but it can also lead to biased judgments in other situations. 
D) The representativeness heuristic is used for solving well-defined problems,but is not relevant for making judgments. 
A) Use of the representativeness heuristic almost always leads to incorrect judgments. 
B) Use of the representativeness heuristic almost always leads to correct judgments. 
C) In many cases the representativeness heuristic leads to correct judgments,but it can also lead to biased judgments in other situations. 
D) The representativeness heuristic is used for solving well-defined problems,but is not relevant for making judgments.

Question 7

Studies where researchers have attempted to teach language to non-human animals have generally found that:

Accepted Answer

A) chimpanzees and gorillas are the only animal species that can fully learn language. 
B) some animals are capable of learning elements of human language,but they have not convincingly demonstrated human-like language use. 
C) animals are incapable of learning even the most basic elements of human language. 
D) dolphins are the only animal species that can fully learn language. 
A) chimpanzees and gorillas are the only animal species that can fully learn language. 
B) some animals are capable of learning elements of human language,but they have not convincingly demonstrated human-like language use. 
C) animals are incapable of learning even the most basic elements of human language. 
D) dolphins are the only animal species that can fully learn language.

Question 8

A formula is an example of a(n)______________.

Accepted Answer

A) logarithm 
B) algorithm 
C) response set 
D) heuristic 
A) logarithm 
B) algorithm 
C) response set 
D) heuristic

Question 9

Steps taken toward reaching the solution of a problem are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) goal states 
B) initial states 
C) operators 
D) algorithms 
A) goal states 
B) initial states 
C) operators 
D) algorithms

Question 10

Research on Inuit Eskimos has revealed that:

Accepted Answer

A) although the Inuit have different words for types of snow then are found in English,they appear to think about snow in the same way Americans and other non-Inuit do. 
B) the Inuit have hundreds of different words for snow. 
C) the specific language the Inuit use affects the way they think about snow. 
D) learning to speak English changes the way Inuits think about snow. 
A) although the Inuit have different words for types of snow then are found in English,they appear to think about snow in the same way Americans and other non-Inuit do. 
B) the Inuit have hundreds of different words for snow. 
C) the specific language the Inuit use affects the way they think about snow. 
D) learning to speak English changes the way Inuits think about snow.

Question 11

Why is the relationship between satisficer/maximizer decision-making strategies and satisfaction surprising?

Accepted Answer

A) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are satisficers. 
B) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are maximizers. 
C) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are satisficers. 
D) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are maximizers. 
A) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are satisficers. 
B) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be happier with the outcome than are maximizers. 
C) Maximizers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are satisficers. 
D) Satisficers take more time to make the best possible choice and tend to be less happy with the outcome than are maximizers.

Question 12

Problem-solving methods that guarantee solutions if appropriate and properly executed are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) prototypes 
B) algorithms 
C) heuristics 
D) noncompensatory models 
A) prototypes 
B) algorithms 
C) heuristics 
D) noncompensatory models

Question 13

Brenda is worried about having her six-year-old daughter learn Spanish,because she fears that learning a second language will interfere with her daughter's mastery of English.What advice should you give Brenda?

Accepted Answer

A) Children should not try to learn languages from different families (e.g.,English and Chinese),but because Spanish and English are similar,learning a second language should have little negative effect. 
B) Learning a second language during childhood is actually beneficial to the development of language skills. 
C) Children younger than four years old should not be exposed to a second language,but it should not affect a six-year-old. 
D) This is a good strategy; children should not try to learn a second language until their preteens. 
A) Children should not try to learn languages from different families (e.g.,English and Chinese),but because Spanish and English are similar,learning a second language should have little negative effect. 
B) Learning a second language during childhood is actually beneficial to the development of language skills. 
C) Children younger than four years old should not be exposed to a second language,but it should not affect a six-year-old. 
D) This is a good strategy; children should not try to learn a second language until their preteens.

Question 14

When Howie's old girlfriend used to get upset with him,he could smooth things over by buying flowers or chocolates for her.He keeps trying this strategy with his current girlfriend,but she gets angry with him each time.It appears that Howie has developed _______________which is interfering with the development of a new relationship strategy.

Accepted Answer

A) a mental set 
B) an anchoring effect 
C) a prototype 
D) a goal state 
A) a mental set 
B) an anchoring effect 
C) a prototype 
D) a goal state

Question 15

_____ refer to mental representations of objects,events,or ideas.

Accepted Answer

A) Categories 
B) Concepts 
C) Primings 
D) Networks 
A) Categories 
B) Concepts 
C) Primings 
D) Networks

Question 16

Why do young children appear to acquire language more easily than adults?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a sensitive period during childhood during which children's brains are primed to develop language. 
B) Adults are more distracted than children,who can devote more cognitive processing to learning a new language. 
C) Children are exposed to a greater variety of vocabulary words than adults typically are. 
D) This is a common myth; children do not have an easier time learning language than adults do. 
A) There is a sensitive period during childhood during which children's brains are primed to develop language. 
B) Adults are more distracted than children,who can devote more cognitive processing to learning a new language. 
C) Children are exposed to a greater variety of vocabulary words than adults typically are. 
D) This is a common myth; children do not have an easier time learning language than adults do.

Question 17

Which of the following is a common problem with ill-defined problems?

Accepted Answer

A) They cannot be solved by algorithmic approaches. 
B) They cannot be solved by using operators. 
C) It can be difficult to know when the solution has been reached. 
D) They cannot be solved by heuristic approaches. 
A) They cannot be solved by algorithmic approaches. 
B) They cannot be solved by using operators. 
C) It can be difficult to know when the solution has been reached. 
D) They cannot be solved by heuristic approaches.

Question 18

One problem with the theory of classical categorization is that it does not allow for _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) formal definitions 
B) concepts 
C) graded membership 
D) mental sets 
A) formal definitions 
B) concepts 
C) graded membership 
D) mental sets

Question 19

Maximizers tend to be more satisfied than satisficers with their purchases because maximizers spend additional time making sure they find the best product.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A gambler offers random individuals a chance to make a bet.A fair coin will be flipped,if it comes up heads,he will pay them $100,but if it comes up tails,they will lose $100.Given what you know about common cognitive biases,what will most individuals do and why?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people will take the bet because of the optimism bias. 
B) Most people will take the bet because of belief perseverance. 
C) Most people will choose not to take the bet because of belief perseverance. 
D) Most people will choose not to take the bet because of loss aversion. 
A) Most people will take the bet because of the optimism bias. 
B) Most people will take the bet because of belief perseverance. 
C) Most people will choose not to take the bet because of belief perseverance. 
D) Most people will choose not to take the bet because of loss aversion.

An extreme _____________ is an individual who attempt to evaluate every option for every choice until they find the perfect fit.

What are the rules that govern how words are strung together into meaningful sentences?

The linguistic relativity hypothesis suggests that:

The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

Which of the following is true about the use of the representativeness heuristic to make judgments?

Studies where researchers have attempted to teach language to non-human animals have generally found that:

A formula is an example of a(n)______________.

Steps taken toward reaching the solution of a problem are called _____.

Research on Inuit Eskimos has revealed that:

Why is the relationship between satisficer/maximizer decision-making strategies and satisfaction surprising?

Problem-solving methods that guarantee solutions if appropriate and properly executed are called __________.

Brenda is worried about having her six-year-old daughter learn Spanish,because she fears that learning a second language will interfere with her daughter's mastery of English.What advice should you give Brenda?

_____ refer to mental representations of objects,events,or ideas.

Why do young children appear to acquire language more easily than adults?

Which of the following is a common problem with ill-defined problems?

One problem with the theory of classical categorization is that it does not allow for _____________.

Maximizers tend to be more satisfied than satisficers with their purchases because maximizers spend additional time making sure they find the best product.

A gambler offers random individuals a chance to make a bet.A fair coin will be flipped,if it comes up heads,he will pay them $100,but if it comes up tails,they will lose $100.Given what you know about common cognitive biases,what will most individuals do and why?

Introducing Psychological Science

Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Intelligence, aptitude, and Cognitive Abilities

Life Span Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Krause and Corts

Krause and Corts

Filters

Exam 8: Thought and Language

An extreme _____________ is an individual who attempt to evaluate every option for every choice until they find the perfect fit.

What are the rules that govern how words are strung together into meaningful sentences?

The linguistic relativity hypothesis suggests that:

The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

Which of the following is true about the use of the representativeness heuristic to make judgments?

Studies where researchers have attempted to teach language to non-human animals have generally found that:

A formula is an example of a(n)______________.

Steps taken toward reaching the solution of a problem are called _____.

Research on Inuit Eskimos has revealed that:

Why is the relationship between satisficer/maximizer decision-making strategies and satisfaction surprising?

Problem-solving methods that guarantee solutions if appropriate and properly executed are called __________.

Brenda is worried about having her six-year-old daughter learn Spanish,because she fears that learning a second language will interfere with her daughter's mastery of English.What advice should you give Brenda?

_____ refer to mental representations of objects,events,or ideas.

Why do young children appear to acquire language more easily than adults?

Which of the following is a common problem with ill-defined problems?

One problem with the theory of classical categorization is that it does not allow for _____________.

Maximizers tend to be more satisfied than satisficers with their purchases because maximizers spend additional time making sure they find the best product.

A gambler offers random individuals a chance to make a bet.A fair coin will be flipped,if it comes up heads,he will pay them $100,but if it comes up tails,they will lose $100.Given what you know about common cognitive biases,what will most individuals do and why?

Introducing Psychological Science

Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Intelligence, aptitude, and Cognitive Abilities

Life Span Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Krause and Corts

Krause and Corts

Filters