Exam 8: Thought and Language

Many people categorize tomatoes as a vegetable,even though they technically meet the scientific definition for a fruit.A likely reason for this is that:

One type of mental representation is the concept.How do concepts allow us to relate to the world around us in a manageable way? What are categories,and how do they relate to our use of concepts? Create an example to show what a person's experience in a novel situation might be like if humans didn't organize the world based on concepts and categories.

Computers are particularly suited for using ________________ to solve problems.

An algorithm is a problem-solving strategy based on a series of rules.

When reading information that challenges one's beliefs,one tends to minimize the strengths of such claims.__________ accounts for this barrier to reasoning rationally.

Initial state,goal state,and obstacles are the three main features of ___________.

Riley has figured out how to unlock his bedroom door with a paper clip.What has he most likely overcome in his new use of the paper clip?

Kendra has been a professional chef for 20 years.Instead of following recipes step-by-step,she uses her experience to guide her cooking,adding a pinch of salt here,or a little extra oil there.Kendra's approach to cooking is an example of:

A person who damages their Broca's area is likely to have difficulty____________________,but should still be able to __________________ fairly well.

A _____ is a mental representation of an average member of a category.

What do we call the hypothesis that language influences what we think?

The use of specific rules to categorize objects is an example of:

Children's brains appear to be especially primed to acquire language in a way that adult brains are not.

For most people,brain regions specifically involved in language are located in the _____________.

When Kwan's computer stopped working,he called the company's technical support line.The technician followed a predetermined set of steps from a manual to diagnose and help Kwan fix his computer over the phone.The steps that the technician followed are an example of what type of problem solving strategy?

Someone who writes "Obey the speed limit" on the tip line of a restaurant bill is violating the _____ of _____.

When tested in a laboratory study,Reese identified the statement,"Cows make milk" as true faster than she did the statement "Cows breathe air." What does this likely indicate about the relationship between categories in her semantic network?

Language is based on basic sound units called ___________,which typically have no meaning by themselves.

People tend to judge the probability of an event by how easy it is to think of examples of the event.

Kyle buys a new refrigerator,but when he gets home,he cannot fit it through the front door of his house.Which of the following would describe the obstacle for Kyle's problem?