Exam 1: Introducing Psychological Science

What early American psychologist yearned to create a periodic table of the elements of consciousness?

Early leaders in __________________ believed that people are generally motivated to personally grow and fulfill their potential.

Who proposed that emotions and other behaviors were the result of natural selection?

Dr.Preston is a psychologist studying why some people develop depression,while others do not.She realizes that the reasons are probably complicated,and include factors such as genetics,brain chemistry,how individuals might experience events differently,and how family members and others influence each other.Dr.Preston's approach is an example of

Paul is considering whether to take a cholesterol-reducing medicine that has been recommended by his physician.He goes to the library and learns that the government agency that oversees medications-the FDA-has approved the medication after dozens of studies had been conducted on their usefulness.Which aspect of critical thinking does this best represent?

_________________ is the field of psychology that concentrates on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.

Sigmund Freud's work using hypnosis to cure patients made him to realize that many of his patients' symptoms had mental,not physical,causes and this led to the development of psychoanalysis.

Psychoanalytic theory was developed by:

In the 19^th and early 20^th centuries,many of the early contributions to psychology were made,not by psychologists,but by individuals from other professions.Identify how each of the following professions/areas contributed to the early development of psychology: physics,evolutionary theory,medicine,and the social sciences.Provide examples of individual contributions for each.

At the close of the nineteenth century,Gerhard is excited to find that he has been accepted for training in the psychology laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt.It is likely that Gerhard will be trained to

Humanistic psychology is an approach emphasizing that psychologists need to focus on the whole of the perception and experience,rather than its parts.

According to the authors of the textbook,scholars in the 1600's did not apply scientific methodology to the study of the mind and human behavior because of what belief?

Empiricism means that knowledge about the world is based on the careful observation,not common sense or speculation.

The belief that behavior follows lawful,cause-and-effect relationships is known as

Which of the following is true regarding the legacy of Francis Galton?

Jose reads in an article from a psychology journal that people tend to remember the first and last few items in long lists of information,but have the most trouble remembering the items in the middle.He immediately starts thinking of how he can use this information to change the way he studies the long list of vocabulary terms for his upcoming exam.Which part of the scientific literacy model does this demonstrate?

______________ is the belief that knowledge comes through observation and experience.

The origins of the cognitive perspective can be traced back to a handful of European psychologists who were studying

The gestalt psychologists,with their focus on perception and experience,are closely linked to modern-day _____ psychologists.

_____ are built from _____ that are repeatedly tested and confirmed.