Question 1

Performance on working-memory tasks:

Accepted Answer

A) is relatively stable throughout adolescence,and improves very rapidly at the very end of adolescence. 
B) increases throughout adolescence before leveling off at adult levels. 
C) improves very rapidly at the very start of adolescence,and then is relatively stable. 
D) decreases throughout adolescence before leveling off at adult levels. 
A) is relatively stable throughout adolescence,and improves very rapidly at the very end of adolescence. 
B) increases throughout adolescence before leveling off at adult levels. 
C) improves very rapidly at the very start of adolescence,and then is relatively stable. 
D) decreases throughout adolescence before leveling off at adult levels.

Question 2

When young vs.old rats learned locations in a maze,it was found that:

Accepted Answer

A) young rats' neurons fired strongly during the first session but not during the second session. 
B) old rats' neurons did not always fire in the same location during the second session as they did during the first session. 
C) old rats' neurons fired strongly during the first session but not during the second session. 
D) young rats' neurons did not always fire in the same location during the second session as they did during the first session. 
A) young rats' neurons fired strongly during the first session but not during the second session. 
B) old rats' neurons did not always fire in the same location during the second session as they did during the first session. 
C) old rats' neurons fired strongly during the first session but not during the second session. 
D) young rats' neurons did not always fire in the same location during the second session as they did during the first session.

Question 3

Listening to classical music such as works by Mozart:

Accepted Answer

A) activates the same brain regions that are used in abstract spatial reasoning. 
B) has been shown to reliably lead to intellectual improvement. 
C) leads to long-lasting changes in abstract reasoning abilities. 
D) leads to improvement on a wide variety of intellectual tasks. 
A) activates the same brain regions that are used in abstract spatial reasoning. 
B) has been shown to reliably lead to intellectual improvement. 
C) leads to long-lasting changes in abstract reasoning abilities. 
D) leads to improvement on a wide variety of intellectual tasks.

Question 4

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) a critical period. 
B) a sensitive period. 
C) an imprinting period. 
D) the gestational age. 
A) a critical period. 
B) a sensitive period. 
C) an imprinting period. 
D) the gestational age.

Question 5

Alzheimer's disease:

Accepted Answer

A) cannot be definitively confirmed until after death. 
B) can be confirmed with absolute certainty using brain-imaging techniques. 
C) is sometimes treated with drugs that enhance glutamate. 
D) has been successfully treated with more than 100 drugs. 
A) cannot be definitively confirmed until after death. 
B) can be confirmed with absolute certainty using brain-imaging techniques. 
C) is sometimes treated with drugs that enhance glutamate. 
D) has been successfully treated with more than 100 drugs.

Question 6

It has been suggested that older adults might be:

Accepted Answer

A) more susceptible to proactive interference. 
B) less susceptible to proactive interference. 
C) more susceptible to retroactive interference. 
D) less susceptible to retroactive interference. 
A) more susceptible to proactive interference. 
B) less susceptible to proactive interference. 
C) more susceptible to retroactive interference. 
D) less susceptible to retroactive interference.

Question 7

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in your textbook showed that:

Accepted Answer

A) semantic memory,but not episodic memory,is present in young children. 
B) episodic memory,but not semantic memory,is present in young children. 
C) semantic memory seems to develop more slowly than episodic memory. 
D) episodic memory seems to develop more slowly than semantic memory. 
A) semantic memory,but not episodic memory,is present in young children. 
B) episodic memory,but not semantic memory,is present in young children. 
C) semantic memory seems to develop more slowly than episodic memory. 
D) episodic memory seems to develop more slowly than semantic memory.

Question 8

Myelination:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs before neurogenesis. 
B) is completed in the frontal cortex first. 
C) does not begin until after birth. 
D) slows neural transmission. 
A) occurs before neurogenesis. 
B) is completed in the frontal cortex first. 
C) does not begin until after birth. 
D) slows neural transmission.

Question 9

Kanako,who is 5 years old,and her parents have just moved from Japan to the United States Since the Japanese language does not make a distinction between the /l/ and /r/ sounds,what will happen to Kanako's and her parents' abilities to distinguish between these sounds in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Kanako will be able to learn to make the distinction,but her parents will not. 
B) Kanako's parents will be able to learn to make the distinction,but Kanako will not. 
C) Both Kanako and her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction. 
D) Neither Kanako nor her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction. 
A) Kanako will be able to learn to make the distinction,but her parents will not. 
B) Kanako's parents will be able to learn to make the distinction,but Kanako will not. 
C) Both Kanako and her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction. 
D) Neither Kanako nor her parents will be able to learn to make the distinction.

Question 10

The process of neuronal birth is called:

Accepted Answer

A) apoptosis. 
B) neurogenesis. 
C) mutation. 
D) synaptogenesis. 
A) apoptosis. 
B) neurogenesis. 
C) mutation. 
D) synaptogenesis.

Question 11

Which of the following people's skill will be the MOST resistant to decline in older adulthood

Accepted Answer

A) Brandon,who plays golf once a year 
B) Danielle,who learned to play the guitar in her 40s 
C) Isaiah,who shampoos his carpets about every 5 years 
D) Courtney,who is a professional chef 
A) Brandon,who plays golf once a year 
B) Danielle,who learned to play the guitar in her 40s 
C) Isaiah,who shampoos his carpets about every 5 years 
D) Courtney,who is a professional chef

Question 12

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

Accepted Answer

A) about a week after birth. 
B) at birth. 
C) at about 25 weeks gestational age. 
D) at about 36 weeks gestational age. 
A) about a week after birth. 
B) at birth. 
C) at about 25 weeks gestational age. 
D) at about 36 weeks gestational age.

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding skill learning?

Accepted Answer

A) Elderly individuals are impaired in learning of basic but not in real-world skills. 
B) People who are experts continue to improve their skill even into old age. 
C) Middle-aged and older adults both show a decline in skill learning. 
D) Older adults make more errors in learning skills,but learn them as quickly as younger adults do. 
A) Elderly individuals are impaired in learning of basic but not in real-world skills. 
B) People who are experts continue to improve their skill even into old age. 
C) Middle-aged and older adults both show a decline in skill learning. 
D) Older adults make more errors in learning skills,but learn them as quickly as younger adults do.

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the 5-HT2AR gene?

Accepted Answer

A) It helps modify synaptic plasticity. 
B) It is most common version is the Val allele. 
C) It encodes instructions for building a receptor for serotonin. 
D) It plays a role in enhancing LTP. 
A) It helps modify synaptic plasticity. 
B) It is most common version is the Val allele. 
C) It encodes instructions for building a receptor for serotonin. 
D) It plays a role in enhancing LTP.

Question 15

Alzheimer's drugs that inhibit cholinesterase:

Accepted Answer

A) work by enhancing the breakdown of unused acetylcholine in synapses between neurons. 
B) stop the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. 
C) reverse the neuronal damage that has already occurred. 
D) treat symptoms temporarily. 
A) work by enhancing the breakdown of unused acetylcholine in synapses between neurons. 
B) stop the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. 
C) reverse the neuronal damage that has already occurred. 
D) treat symptoms temporarily.

Question 16

Summarize the rough order in which each type of learning develops,and which brain substrate(s)they coincide with.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Discuss skill learning

Question 17

Twin studies suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A) genes play a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
B) genes play a strong role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
C) identical twins are no more similar than are fraternal twins on a variety of learning and memory measures. 
D) the environment plays a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
A) genes play a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
B) genes play a strong role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
C) identical twins are no more similar than are fraternal twins on a variety of learning and memory measures. 
D) the environment plays a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities.

Question 18

In old age:

Accepted Answer

A) neurons in the hippocampus are lost. 
B) neurogenesis no longer occurs. 
C) LTP may become unstable. 
D) neurons in the cerebellum are not lost. 
A) neurons in the hippocampus are lost. 
B) neurogenesis no longer occurs. 
C) LTP may become unstable. 
D) neurons in the cerebellum are not lost.

Question 19

In which of the following situations would learning be the MOST difficult?

Accepted Answer

A) a 40-year-old trying to learn to type 
B) a 75-year-old expert chess player trying to improve his game 
C) a 70-year-old trying to learn to use an iPad 
D) a 25-year-old trying to learn to play tennis 
A) a 40-year-old trying to learn to type 
B) a 75-year-old expert chess player trying to improve his game 
C) a 70-year-old trying to learn to use an iPad 
D) a 25-year-old trying to learn to play tennis

Performance on working-memory tasks:

When young vs.old rats learned locations in a maze,it was found that:

Listening to classical music such as works by Mozart:

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Alzheimer's disease:

It has been suggested that older adults might be:

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in your textbook showed that:

Myelination:

Kanako,who is 5 years old,and her parents have just moved from Japan to the United States Since the Japanese language does not make a distinction between the /l/ and /r/ sounds,what will happen to Kanako's and her parents' abilities to distinguish between these sounds in the United States?

The process of neuronal birth is called:

Which of the following people's skill will be the MOST resistant to decline in older adulthood

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

Which of the following is true regarding skill learning?

Which of the following is true regarding the 5-HT2AR gene?

Alzheimer's drugs that inhibit cholinesterase:

Summarize the rough order in which each type of learning develops,and which brain substrate(s)they coincide with.

Twin studies suggest that:

In old age:

In which of the following situations would learning be the MOST difficult?

The Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Filters

Exam 12: Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Performance on working-memory tasks:

When young vs.old rats learned locations in a maze,it was found that:

Listening to classical music such as works by Mozart:

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Alzheimer's disease:

It has been suggested that older adults might be:

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in your textbook showed that:

Myelination:

Kanako,who is 5 years old,and her parents have just moved from Japan to the United States Since the Japanese language does not make a distinction between the /l/ and /r/ sounds,what will happen to Kanako's and her parents' abilities to distinguish between these sounds in the United States?

The process of neuronal birth is called:

Which of the following people's skill will be the MOST resistant to decline in older adulthood

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

Which of the following is true regarding skill learning?

Which of the following is true regarding the 5-HT2AR gene?

Alzheimer's drugs that inhibit cholinesterase:

Summarize the rough order in which each type of learning develops,and which brain substrate(s)they coincide with.

Twin studies suggest that:

In old age:

In which of the following situations would learning be the MOST difficult?

The Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Filters