Exam 4: Learning: How Experience Changes US

You may be inadvertently reinforcing undesirable behavior by telling someone off because ________.

Imagine that you flinch after seeing lightning because in previous instances the lightning is followed by thunder, which scared you. In this scenario, lightning can be interpreted as being a(n) ________.

Olivia is punished for spilling her cereal. Her parents give her a spanking and send her to her room, where she cries. Later, her puppy makes a mess on the floor. Olivia kicks her puppy and puts it out in the yard where it whines sadly. Which of the following statements explains her behavior toward the puppy?

Pavlov placed meat powder in the mouths of dogs, and they began to salivate. The food acted as a (an)____________.

Conditioned taste aversions are an example of something called __________.

The abbreviation CS stands for _____________.

Tolman and Honzik's studies with rats demonstrated that ________.

Miranda notices that her cat salivates as soon as her cat hears the sound of the electric can opener. In this example, the sound of the can opener is the ______________.

Systematic desensitization is primarily based on principles of ________.

The fact that you prefer blondes because your last love interest was a blonde best illustrates ________.

Information acquired through cognitive learning may be used for which of the following:

A discriminative stimulus is typically viewed as ________.

Unlike other schedules of reinforcement, ________ results in a "scalloped" pattern of responses on a cumulative frequency graph.

Emitting the same response to a novel but similar stimulus relative to the original stimulus illustrates ________.

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist. However, it was discovered by a ____________.

The authors note that "Reinforcement is in the eyes of the recipient," because ________.

A Congressional hearing is taking place in Washington, D.C. The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today. What psychological process are the representatives probably considering as the reason that TV influences school violence?

Last month Walter became sick after eating two chili dogs, so he no longer likes chili dogs. Walter has experienced ____________.

Which of the following is true about Ivan Pavlov?

The ________ occurs without requiring prior learning.