Question 1

Which of the following is not influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate excretion. 
B)  enzyme activity. 
C)  potassium excretion. 
D)  protein shape and activity. 
E)  nerve and muscle excitability. 
A)  phosphate excretion. 
B)  enzyme activity. 
C)  potassium excretion. 
D)  protein shape and activity. 
E)  nerve and muscle excitability. A

Question 2

The osmotic activity across the capillary wall is due to the unequal distribution of plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

OTHER
The questions refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. Indicate the correct answers by selecting the appropriate letter for each item.
-Therefore, the pH of the patient's body fluids would be

Accepted Answer

A)  below normal. 
B)  above normal. 
C)  normal. 
A)  below normal. 
B)  above normal. 
C)  normal. A

Question 4

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code:
-Depends primarily on H2O balance.

Accepted Answer

A) refers to regulation of ECF volume 
B) refers to regulation of ECF osmolarity 
A) refers to regulation of ECF volume 
B) refers to regulation of ECF osmolarity

Question 5

Which chemical buffer system primary buffers against pH changes in the urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  hemoglobin. 
D)  phosphate 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  bicarbonate. 
B)  protein. 
C)  hemoglobin. 
D)  phosphate 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 6

MATCHING
Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration

Question 7

When large amounts of pure water are consumed

Accepted Answer

A)  the volume of the ICF will decrease. 
B)  the volume of the ECF will decrease. 
C)  the ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF. 
D)  osmolarities of the ICF and ECF will drop. 
E)  vasopressin will be released 
A)  the volume of the ICF will decrease. 
B)  the volume of the ECF will decrease. 
C)  the ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF. 
D)  osmolarities of the ICF and ECF will drop. 
E)  vasopressin will be released

Question 8

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code:
-Depends primarily on Na+ balance.

Accepted Answer

A) refers to regulation of ECF volume 
B) refers to regulation of ECF osmolarity 
A) refers to regulation of ECF volume 
B) refers to regulation of ECF osmolarity

Question 9

A chemical ____________________ is a mixture of two compounds that resist changes in the pH.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chemical ____________________ is a mixture of...

Question 10

The component that constitutes the largest percentage of body weight is

Accepted Answer

A)  protein. 
B)  H2O. 
C)  Na+. 
D)  carbohydrate. 
E)  phospholipid. 
A)  protein. 
B)  H2O. 
C)  Na+. 
D)  carbohydrate. 
E)  phospholipid.

Question 11

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-kidney failure

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 12

Osmotic activity across the

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary wall is not due to the unequal distribution of plasma proteins in the plasma and interstitial fluid. 
B)  cellular plasma membranes is not related to any differences in ionic concentration between the ECF and ICF. 
C)  cellular plasma membranes is not related to differences in protein composition between the ECF and ICF. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (a) and (c) above. 
A)  capillary wall is not due to the unequal distribution of plasma proteins in the plasma and interstitial fluid. 
B)  cellular plasma membranes is not related to any differences in ionic concentration between the ECF and ICF. 
C)  cellular plasma membranes is not related to differences in protein composition between the ECF and ICF. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (a) and (c) above.

Question 13

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-severe diarrhea

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 14

The pH of arterial blood is lower than the pH of venous blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory rate and depth increase as a compensatory measure to combat metabolic acidosis. 
B)  the respiratory system can compensate completely for metabolic acidosis. 
C)  the respiratory responses to acid-base imbalances represent the first line of defense against changes in pH of the body fluids. 
D)  hyperventilation can cause acidosis 
E)  the respiratory system responds to changes in [H+] within 1 to 3 seconds 
A)  respiratory rate and depth increase as a compensatory measure to combat metabolic acidosis. 
B)  the respiratory system can compensate completely for metabolic acidosis. 
C)  the respiratory responses to acid-base imbalances represent the first line of defense against changes in pH of the body fluids. 
D)  hyperventilation can cause acidosis 
E)  the respiratory system responds to changes in [H+] within 1 to 3 seconds

Question 16

A pH of less than 6.8 or greater than 8.0 is not compatible with life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Interstitial fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  is the largest component of the extracellular fluid. 
B)  is the true internal environment of the body. 
C)  represents a larger percentage of total body weight than does intracellular fluid. 
D)  both (a) and (b) 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  is the largest component of the extracellular fluid. 
B)  is the true internal environment of the body. 
C)  represents a larger percentage of total body weight than does intracellular fluid. 
D)  both (a) and (b) 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 18

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-aspirin poisoning

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis 
A) respiratory acidosis 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) metabolic acidosis 
D) metabolic alkalosis

Question 19

MATCHING
Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-This occurs as a consequence of excessive vasopressin secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration 
A) overhydration 
B) dehydration 
C) both overhydration and dehydration 
D) neither overhydration or dehydration

Question 20

Fluid consumption is influenced by other factors in addition to the thirst mechanism involving osmoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is not influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

The osmotic activity across the capillary wall is due to the unequal distribution of plasma proteins.

OTHER The questions refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. Indicate the correct answers by selecting the appropriate letter for each item. -Therefore, the pH of the patient's body fluids would be

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on H₂O balance.

Which chemical buffer system primary buffers against pH changes in the urine?

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

When large amounts of pure water are consumed

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on Na⁺ balance.

A chemical ____________________ is a mixture of two compounds that resist changes in the pH.

The component that constitutes the largest percentage of body weight is

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -kidney failure

Osmotic activity across the

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -severe diarrhea

The pH of arterial blood is lower than the pH of venous blood.

Which of the following statements concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

A pH of less than 6.8 or greater than 8.0 is not compatible with life.

Interstitial fluid

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -aspirin poisoning

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -This occurs as a consequence of excessive vasopressin secretion.

Fluid consumption is influenced by other factors in addition to the thirst mechanism involving osmoreceptors.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 14: Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Which of the following is not influenced by a change in the pH of body fluids?

The osmotic activity across the capillary wall is due to the unequal distribution of plasma proteins.

OTHER The questions refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from extensive pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. Indicate the correct answers by selecting the appropriate letter for each item. -Therefore, the pH of the patient's body fluids would be

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on H2O balance.

Which chemical buffer system primary buffers against pH changes in the urine?

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

When large amounts of pure water are consumed

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on Na+ balance.

A chemical ____________________ is a mixture of two compounds that resist changes in the pH.

The component that constitutes the largest percentage of body weight is

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -kidney failure

Osmotic activity across the

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -severe diarrhea

The pH of arterial blood is lower than the pH of venous blood.

Which of the following statements concerning the respiratory mechanism of pH control is correct?

A pH of less than 6.8 or greater than 8.0 is not compatible with life.

Interstitial fluid

Indicate which type of acid-base imbalance might occur in each of the following situations by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -aspirin poisoning

MATCHING Indicate which fluid imbalance is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -This occurs as a consequence of excessive vasopressin secretion.

Fluid consumption is influenced by other factors in addition to the thirst mechanism involving osmoreceptors.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on H₂O balance.

Indicate whether the item in question is referring to regulation of ECF volume or regulation of ECF osmolarity by using the following answer code: -Depends primarily on Na⁺ balance.