Question 1

According to the textbook application, GE was ordered to dredge the Hudson River

Accepted Answer

A)  because it illegally dumped chemicals into the river 
B)  even though its release of PCBs into that river was done legally 
C)  under the rulings of RCRA 
D)  none of the above 
A)  because it illegally dumped chemicals into the river 
B)  even though its release of PCBs into that river was done legally 
C)  under the rulings of RCRA 
D)  none of the above

Question 2

In 1984, amendments to RCRA restrict landfilling activity, which in turn

Accepted Answer

A)  would cause the MPC of land disposal to rise 
B)  may offer some incentive for waste disposers to generate less waste 
C)  reduce the external cost of landfilling 
D)  all of the above 
A)  would cause the MPC of land disposal to rise 
B)  may offer some incentive for waste disposers to generate less waste 
C)  reduce the external cost of landfilling 
D)  all of the above

Question 3

Use marginal analysis (i.e., marginal social benefit (MSB) and marginal social cost (MSC)) to graphically illustrate a Superfund site abatement decision that is solely risk-based relative to one that is based on the efficiency criterion. What do you observe?
 b. Repeat the exercise using total analysis (i.e., total social benefits (TSB) and total social costs (TSC)).

Accepted Answer

1a. Using marginal analysis, the graph b

Question 4

Unwanted materials that pose a substantial threat to human health or the environment are referred to as municipal solid wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The economic sector responsible for the largest amount of hazardous waste is

Accepted Answer

A)  households 
B)  industry 
C)  government 
D)  institutions 
A)  households 
B)  industry 
C)  government 
D)  institutions

Question 6

The first federal legislation passed in the United States that dealt with waste control was the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Under the Superfund Act, the EPA has the authority to require those responsible for a hazardous substance release, known as potentially responsible parties (PRPs), to correct the problem and pay for damages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The most prevalent type of damage associated with hazardous waste sites is

Accepted Answer

A)  water and soil contamination 
B)  loss of livestock 
C)  fish kills 
D)  air pollution 
A)  water and soil contamination 
B)  loss of livestock 
C)  fish kills 
D)  air pollution

Question 9

Identification of hazardous wastes under the law relies on risk-benefit analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

To establish legal responsibility under the Superfund Act, courts use strict liability as well as joint and several liability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The series of events that begins with waste generation and continues through transport, storage, treatment, and disposal is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the "cradle to grave" management system 
B)  the waste manifest system 
C)  the waste stream 
D)  the Superfund cleanup process 
A)  the "cradle to grave" management system 
B)  the waste manifest system 
C)  the waste stream 
D)  the Superfund cleanup process

Question 12

Hazardous waste sites posing the greatest threat to health and the ecology are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The land restrictions may act to provide an incentive to reduce hazardous waste generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Types of hazardous substances include heavy metals, acids, and solvents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The legislative provisions that govern waste control policy in the United States today are the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (commonly known as the RCRA Amendments of 1984).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Abandoned or underdeveloped real properties whose development is complicated by contamination are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  NPL sites 
B)  Superfund sites 
C)  brownfield sites 
D)  RCRA sites 
A)  NPL sites 
B)  Superfund sites 
C)  brownfield sites 
D)  RCRA sites

Question 17

A set of control strategies to reduce the amount and toxicity of hazardous waste at every stage of the waste stream is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  source reduction 
B)  waste management 
C)  "cradle-to-grave" management 
D)  risk-benefit analysis 
A)  source reduction 
B)  waste management 
C)  "cradle-to-grave" management 
D)  risk-benefit analysis

Question 18

The identification of hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

Accepted Answer

A)  uses benefit-cost analysis for characteristic wastes 
B)  uses a uniform approach to implement the identification criteria 
C)  employs an index based on toxicity 
D)  is based on risk-benefit analysis 
A)  uses benefit-cost analysis for characteristic wastes 
B)  uses a uniform approach to implement the identification criteria 
C)  employs an index based on toxicity 
D)  is based on risk-benefit analysis

Question 19

A major component of the "cradle-to-grave" management system is

Accepted Answer

A)  identification of hazardous waste 
B)  a permit system for treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) 
C)  a national manifest system for tracking through the waste stream 
D)  all of the above 
E)  (a) and (c) only 
A)  identification of hazardous waste 
B)  a permit system for treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) 
C)  a national manifest system for tracking through the waste stream 
D)  all of the above 
E)  (a) and (c) only

Question 20

A permit system is used to control hazardous waste management at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

According to the textbook application, GE was ordered to dredge the Hudson River

In 1984, amendments to RCRA restrict landfilling activity, which in turn

Unwanted materials that pose a substantial threat to human health or the environment are referred to as municipal solid wastes.

The economic sector responsible for the largest amount of hazardous waste is

The first federal legislation passed in the United States that dealt with waste control was the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976.

Under the Superfund Act, the EPA has the authority to require those responsible for a hazardous substance release, known as potentially responsible parties (PRPs), to correct the problem and pay for damages.

The most prevalent type of damage associated with hazardous waste sites is

Identification of hazardous wastes under the law relies on risk-benefit analysis.

To establish legal responsibility under the Superfund Act, courts use strict liability as well as joint and several liability.

The series of events that begins with waste generation and continues through transport, storage, treatment, and disposal is known as

Hazardous waste sites posing the greatest threat to health and the ecology are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL).

The land restrictions may act to provide an incentive to reduce hazardous waste generation.

Types of hazardous substances include heavy metals, acids, and solvents.

The legislative provisions that govern waste control policy in the United States today are the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (commonly known as the RCRA Amendments of 1984).

Abandoned or underdeveloped real properties whose development is complicated by contamination are referred to as

A set of control strategies to reduce the amount and toxicity of hazardous waste at every stage of the waste stream is known as

The identification of hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

A major component of the "cradle-to-grave" management system is

A permit system is used to control hazardous waste management at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs).

The Role of Economics in Environmental Management

Modeling the Market Process: a Review of the Basics

Modeling Market Failure

Conventional Solutions to Environmental Problems: Command-And-Control Approach

Economic Solutions to Environmental Problems: the Market Approach

Environmental Risk Analysis

Assessing Benefits for Environmental Decision Making

Assessing Costs for Environmental Decision Making

Benefit-Cost Analysis in Environmental Decision Making

Defining Air Quality: the Standard-Setting Process

Improving Air Quality: Controlling Mobile Sources

Improving Air Quality: Controlling Stationary Sources

Global Air Quality: Policies for Ozone Depletion and Climate Change

Defining Water Quality: the Standard-Setting Process

Improving Water Quality: Controlling Point and Nonpoint Sources

Protecting Safe Drinking Water

Managing Municipal Solid Waste

Controlling Pesticides and Toxic Chemicals

Sustainable Development: International Environmental Agreements and International Trade

Sustainable Approaches: Industrial Ecology and Pollution Prevention

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Exam 17: Managing Hazardous Solid Waste and Waste Sites

According to the textbook application, GE was ordered to dredge the Hudson River

In 1984, amendments to RCRA restrict landfilling activity, which in turn

Unwanted materials that pose a substantial threat to human health or the environment are referred to as municipal solid wastes.

The economic sector responsible for the largest amount of hazardous waste is

The first federal legislation passed in the United States that dealt with waste control was the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976.

Under the Superfund Act, the EPA has the authority to require those responsible for a hazardous substance release, known as potentially responsible parties (PRPs), to correct the problem and pay for damages.

The most prevalent type of damage associated with hazardous waste sites is

Identification of hazardous wastes under the law relies on risk-benefit analysis.

To establish legal responsibility under the Superfund Act, courts use strict liability as well as joint and several liability.

The series of events that begins with waste generation and continues through transport, storage, treatment, and disposal is known as

Hazardous waste sites posing the greatest threat to health and the ecology are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL).

The land restrictions may act to provide an incentive to reduce hazardous waste generation.

Types of hazardous substances include heavy metals, acids, and solvents.

The legislative provisions that govern waste control policy in the United States today are the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (commonly known as the RCRA Amendments of 1984).

Abandoned or underdeveloped real properties whose development is complicated by contamination are referred to as

A set of control strategies to reduce the amount and toxicity of hazardous waste at every stage of the waste stream is known as

The identification of hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

A major component of the "cradle-to-grave" management system is

A permit system is used to control hazardous waste management at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs).

The Role of Economics in Environmental Management

Modeling the Market Process: a Review of the Basics

Modeling Market Failure

Conventional Solutions to Environmental Problems: Command-And-Control Approach

Economic Solutions to Environmental Problems: the Market Approach

Environmental Risk Analysis

Assessing Benefits for Environmental Decision Making

Assessing Costs for Environmental Decision Making

Benefit-Cost Analysis in Environmental Decision Making

Defining Air Quality: the Standard-Setting Process

Improving Air Quality: Controlling Mobile Sources

Improving Air Quality: Controlling Stationary Sources

Global Air Quality: Policies for Ozone Depletion and Climate Change

Defining Water Quality: the Standard-Setting Process

Improving Water Quality: Controlling Point and Nonpoint Sources

Protecting Safe Drinking Water

Managing Municipal Solid Waste

Controlling Pesticides and Toxic Chemicals

Sustainable Development: International Environmental Agreements and International Trade

Sustainable Approaches: Industrial Ecology and Pollution Prevention

Filters