Exam 17: Nonparametric Statistics

A researcher wants to determine the efficacy of a training program directed at improving concentration,focus,and memory on college students.She selects a random sample of 16 individuals and have them take an assessment initial test before the training program,then the individuals complete the training program,and at the end they take a final test that's comparable to the initial test.The results are shown in the following table: The analyst uses a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with a 0.05 significance level.The value of σ_T is ______.

An advantage of nonparametric statistics is that the computations on nonparametric statistics are usually less complicated than those for parametric statistics,particularly for small samples.

The Kruskal-Wallis test is an extension of the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann%E2%80%93Whitney_U" \o "Mann-Whitney U" Mann-Whitney U test to 3 or more groups.

The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the _______.

The degree of association of two variables cannot be estimated when only ordinal-level data are available.

The HYPERLINK "http://www.statisticssolutions.com/mann-whitney-u-test" Mann-Whitney U-test requires that the two samples under consideration have the same number of observations.

Which of the following tests should be used to compare the means of two populations if the samples are independent?

A local pediatrician office is interested in the 'no-show' appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians.'No-show' appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be Idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments.Using the data in the table Below and an alpha of .10,what is the critical value of χ²?

What is the Spearman rank correlation coefficient for the following set of data?

Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with $\alpha$ = 0.01. The null hypothesis is _______.

Suppose a research uses the Mann-Whitney test to determine if there is a difference in the volume of text messages sent by a high school student living in a rural area versus an urban area during the month of December.Eight rural high school students and 9 urban high school students were included in the study. If,among all 17,the sum of the ranks W₁ produced from the rural high school students is 72,the U statistic is __________

The one-sample runs test is a nonparametric test of randomness in the sample data.

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group),group 2 exercises once a week,and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program,both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months,the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table: The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level α = 0.05.The relevant number of degrees of freedom is ______.

Prior to computing a Friedman test,the data are ranked within each block from smallest to largest.

Nonparametric statistics are sometimes called distribution-dependent statistics.

The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two independent populations is the _______.

In the one-sample runs test for randomness of the observations in a large sample the sampling distribution of R,the number of runs,is approximately binomial.

A quality control supervisor wishes to determine whether the following measurements are random: For this purpose,the supervisor computes the median of the thirty observations above and compares each measurement to the median to perform a runs test.She uses a significance level of 0.05.This is a ______ test and the critical ______.

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group),group 2 exercises once a week,and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program,both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months,the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table: The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level α = 0.05.The appropriate decision is ______.

Which of the following tests should be used to compare the means of three populations if the sample data is ordinal?