Exam 6: Interspecific Competition

Under variable conditions,competition may only rarely "run its course," and the outcome cannot be predicted simply by _________.

Niche complementarity requires

Negatively associated distributions

Which of the following are correct: A neutral model predicts that a community structured by interspecific competition should look like: i)potential competitors that coexist in a community should exhibit niche differentiation; ii)this niche differentiation will often manifest itself as morphological differentiation,iii)a community of species will tend to vary along one niche,iv)within a community,potential competitors with little or no niche differentiation should not coexist,so each should tend to occur only where the other is absent

If a species is a weak competitor relative to another species that is a superior competitor,the weak competitor may be able to persist if:

The fundamental niche is

______ is the combination of conditions and resources that allow that species to exist,grow,and reproduce in the presence of specified other species that might be harmful to its existence.

Replicates of seed mixtures containing four species are sown at a high density.However,the seeds are sown two ways.One way,they are sown at random.The other way they are sown as single-species aggregations.If the results showed that the performance of the superior competitor of the four species was compromised when grown as an aggregation but that aggregation improved the performance of the three inferior competitors,what would you think?

A DNA analysis of ectomycorrhizal species inhabiting the floor of a pine forest shows that species are restricted to distinct layers of the leaf litter.Based on the example in the textbook,this is most likely due to

A group of species that exploit the same class of environmental resources in the same way is called a _____.

Species are often excluded from habitat in which they could exist perfectly well in the absence of interspecific competition.As an example,Dolly Varden charr can live in the white-spotted charr zone,but only when

Fires in the Mojave Dessert are occurring more frequently because of the introduction of nonnative grasses that have become invasive.How are these grasses able to persist?

The diatom Asterinonella excludes the diatom Cyclotella in laboratory experimental cultures when phosphate concentrations are low.But,Cyclotella excludes Asterionella when silicate supplies are low.However,when there are balanced supplies of silicate and phosphorus,the two diatoms coexist.This is explained by

What does the theory of the "Ghost of Competition Past" state?

Species living in _____ live in the same place.

To minimize or avoid competition,coexisting species,with an apparent potential to compete,will exhibit differences in which of the following?

Let us assume there are two species of parasitoid wasps and you are interested in understanding how inter- and intra- specific competition affect each species reproductive output.Using the Lotka-Volterra model,the competitive effects of these two wasps species is best described by the following equations,K₂ ?_{12 > K1 and K1?12 > K2.What would this mean?}

Insects and tadpoles of Fowler's toad were allowed to compete at natural densities with tadpoles of the Pine Barrens tree frog.The intensity of competition was similar for both insects and Fowler's toad.What does this tell you about competition between unrelated species?

The Competitive Exclusion Principle states that

Some ant species from Africa were best at competing for space,but were worst at colonizing.This is an example of ________