Question 1

Longitudinal studies measuring individuals' level of moral reasoning over time found that

Accepted Answer

A) many individuals skipped at least one of Kohlberg's stages. 
B) it was common for individuals to regress to lower levels of reasoning. 
C) most individuals progress to the highest levels of reasoning. 
D) higher levels of moral reasoning were more common in older adolescents and adults. 
A) many individuals skipped at least one of Kohlberg's stages. 
B) it was common for individuals to regress to lower levels of reasoning. 
C) most individuals progress to the highest levels of reasoning. 
D) higher levels of moral reasoning were more common in older adolescents and adults.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Accepted Answer

A) Children with very strict parents have higher levels of self-control. 
B) Children whose parents do not encourage independence have greater self-control. 
C) Children whose parents encourage them to make their own decisions have more self-control. 
D) Children whose parents "overcontrol" them have higher levels of self-esteem. 
A) Children with very strict parents have higher levels of self-control. 
B) Children whose parents do not encourage independence have greater self-control. 
C) Children whose parents encourage them to make their own decisions have more self-control. 
D) Children whose parents "overcontrol" them have higher levels of self-esteem.

Question 3

Delinquent adolescents are more likely to emphasize punishment and reward in their moral reasoning,rather than social norms and personal moral codes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A child who reasons at the preconventional level would help another person because

Accepted Answer

A) she might get a reward for helping. 
B) she is afraid that others would disapprove of her if she didn't help. 
C) helping is a good behavior that is valued by society. 
D) she has a moral principle of responsibility for others. 
A) she might get a reward for helping. 
B) she is afraid that others would disapprove of her if she didn't help. 
C) helping is a good behavior that is valued by society. 
D) she has a moral principle of responsibility for others.

Question 5

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they feel they have the skills that are needed to help others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In the United States and Europe,about 15% of school children are chronic victims of aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In a study by Rotenberg and Meyer (1990),children completed a task and then could receive a small reward immediately or wait one day for a much larger reward.Not until __________ years of age did most children wait to receive the larger reward.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 to 5 
B) 6 to 8 
C) 9 to 11 
D) 12 to 15 
A) 4 to 5 
B) 6 to 8 
C) 9 to 11 
D) 12 to 15

Question 8

How can parents BEST help their children develop higher forms of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) through discussion and modeling 
B) by discouraging disagreement with the parents on moral issues 
C) through physical punishment 
D) by discouraging involvement in a religious community 
A) through discussion and modeling 
B) by discouraging disagreement with the parents on moral issues 
C) through physical punishment 
D) by discouraging involvement in a religious community

Question 9

The ability to delay gratification at four years of age is positively related to __________ during adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) distractibility when trying to concentrate 
B) a tendency to go to pieces under stress 
C) the likeliness to yield to temptation 
D) SAT scores 
A) distractibility when trying to concentrate 
B) a tendency to go to pieces under stress 
C) the likeliness to yield to temptation 
D) SAT scores

Question 10

Which of the following statements about prosocial behavior is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A) Children are more likely to help when they feel another person's emotions. 
B) Children are more likely to help when they practice helping at home and elsewhere. 
C) Children are more likely to help when parents behave prosocially themselves. 
D) Children are more likely to help when they base more decisions on their own needs. 
A) Children are more likely to help when they feel another person's emotions. 
B) Children are more likely to help when they practice helping at home and elsewhere. 
C) Children are more likely to help when parents behave prosocially themselves. 
D) Children are more likely to help when they base more decisions on their own needs.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of relational aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) Julia starts the "I hate Sierra club" after losing to Sierra at the science fair 
B) Sarita painted "Jessica is a dork" on Jessica's locker after they had a fight 
C) Irene yells "You're stupid" and then hits the team captain after being chosen last for the team 
D) Georgia spreads a rumor about Felicia because she doesn't want other people to become friends with Felicia 
A) Julia starts the "I hate Sierra club" after losing to Sierra at the science fair 
B) Sarita painted "Jessica is a dork" on Jessica's locker after they had a fight 
C) Irene yells "You're stupid" and then hits the team captain after being chosen last for the team 
D) Georgia spreads a rumor about Felicia because she doesn't want other people to become friends with Felicia

Question 12

Programs like Fast Track improve children's lives (and the lives of people around them),but unfortunately they are not cost-effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Children are more likely to be aggressive if their parents use physical punishment with them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Simple acts of altruism do not appear until children enter school.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's __________ level of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) unconventional 
B) conventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional 
A) unconventional 
B) conventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional

Question 16

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning making sure to identify and describe each of the stages under each level.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 17

Preschoolers

Accepted Answer

A) are incapable of altruistic behavior. 
B) show limited altruistic behavior because they don't always know what they can do to help others. 
C) show limited altruistic behavior because even though they usually know what they could do to help,they do not usually want to help other people. 
D) typically show adult-like levels of altruistic behavior. 
A) are incapable of altruistic behavior. 
B) show limited altruistic behavior because they don't always know what they can do to help others. 
C) show limited altruistic behavior because even though they usually know what they could do to help,they do not usually want to help other people. 
D) typically show adult-like levels of altruistic behavior.

Question 18

In a study by Lemmon and Moore (2007),3-year-olds preferred to earn one sticker immediately instead of receiving five stickers later.However,4-year-olds were willing to wait to earn four or five stickers.This study demonstrated that 4-year-olds,but not 3-year-olds have the ability to

Accepted Answer

A) give in to temptation. 
B) delay gratification. 
C) be morally relativistic. 
D) make moral decisions based on abstract principles. 
A) give in to temptation. 
B) delay gratification. 
C) be morally relativistic. 
D) make moral decisions based on abstract principles.

Question 19

It is not until elementary school that children have the ability to distinguish moral decisions and social conventions from the personal domain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy,but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't.Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

Accepted Answer

A) moral realism. 
B) moral relativism. 
C) empathy. 
D) self-control. 
A) moral realism. 
B) moral relativism. 
C) empathy. 
D) self-control.

Longitudinal studies measuring individuals' level of moral reasoning over time found that

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Delinquent adolescents are more likely to emphasize punishment and reward in their moral reasoning,rather than social norms and personal moral codes.

A child who reasons at the preconventional level would help another person because

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they feel they have the skills that are needed to help others.

In the United States and Europe,about 15% of school children are chronic victims of aggression.

In a study by Rotenberg and Meyer (1990),children completed a task and then could receive a small reward immediately or wait one day for a much larger reward.Not until __________ years of age did most children wait to receive the larger reward.

How can parents BEST help their children develop higher forms of moral reasoning?

The ability to delay gratification at four years of age is positively related to __________ during adolescence.

Which of the following statements about prosocial behavior is INCORRECT?

Which of the following is NOT an example of relational aggression?

Programs like Fast Track improve children's lives (and the lives of people around them),but unfortunately they are not cost-effective.

Children are more likely to be aggressive if their parents use physical punishment with them.

Simple acts of altruism do not appear until children enter school.

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's __________ level of moral reasoning.

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning making sure to identify and describe each of the stages under each level.

Preschoolers

In a study by Lemmon and Moore (2007),3-year-olds preferred to earn one sticker immediately instead of receiving five stickers later.However,4-year-olds were willing to wait to earn four or five stickers.This study demonstrated that 4-year-olds,but not 3-year-olds have the ability to

It is not until elementary school that children have the ability to distinguish moral decisions and social conventions from the personal domain.

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy,but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't.Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

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Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

Longitudinal studies measuring individuals' level of moral reasoning over time found that

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the relation of parenting and self-control?

Delinquent adolescents are more likely to emphasize punishment and reward in their moral reasoning,rather than social norms and personal moral codes.

A child who reasons at the preconventional level would help another person because

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they feel they have the skills that are needed to help others.

In the United States and Europe,about 15% of school children are chronic victims of aggression.

In a study by Rotenberg and Meyer (1990),children completed a task and then could receive a small reward immediately or wait one day for a much larger reward.Not until __________ years of age did most children wait to receive the larger reward.

How can parents BEST help their children develop higher forms of moral reasoning?

The ability to delay gratification at four years of age is positively related to __________ during adolescence.

Which of the following statements about prosocial behavior is INCORRECT?

Which of the following is NOT an example of relational aggression?

Programs like Fast Track improve children's lives (and the lives of people around them),but unfortunately they are not cost-effective.

Children are more likely to be aggressive if their parents use physical punishment with them.

Simple acts of altruism do not appear until children enter school.

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's __________ level of moral reasoning.

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning making sure to identify and describe each of the stages under each level.

Preschoolers

In a study by Lemmon and Moore (2007),3-year-olds preferred to earn one sticker immediately instead of receiving five stickers later.However,4-year-olds were willing to wait to earn four or five stickers.This study demonstrated that 4-year-olds,but not 3-year-olds have the ability to

It is not until elementary school that children have the ability to distinguish moral decisions and social conventions from the personal domain.

Heather really wanted to eat a piece of candy,but her mother had told her not to eat anything before dinner so she didn't.Heather's ability to resist the temptation to eat the candy shows

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters