Question 1

Piaget's stage of __________ is characterized by an understanding that rules are created by people to help them get along.

Accepted Answer

A) immanent justice 
B) moral relativism 
C) moral realism 
D) preconventional reasoning 
A) immanent justice 
B) moral relativism 
C) moral realism 
D) preconventional reasoning

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the family impacts aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) When parents monitor their children's behavior,this is associated with more frequent aggression. 
B) When parents constantly argue and fight,their children are more likely to be aggressive. 
C) When parents are unresponsive and emotionally uninvested,their children are more likely to be aggressive. 
D) When parents use physical punishment or threats to discipline their children,their children are more likely to be aggressive. 
A) When parents monitor their children's behavior,this is associated with more frequent aggression. 
B) When parents constantly argue and fight,their children are more likely to be aggressive. 
C) When parents are unresponsive and emotionally uninvested,their children are more likely to be aggressive. 
D) When parents use physical punishment or threats to discipline their children,their children are more likely to be aggressive.

Question 3

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died,she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow.Beth displayed

Accepted Answer

A) prosocial behavior. 
B) altruism. 
C) self control. 
D) empathy. 
A) prosocial behavior. 
B) altruism. 
C) self control. 
D) empathy.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding aggression and children?

Accepted Answer

A) Frequent exposure to media violence makes children more aggressive. 
B) Aggressive children are often uninterested in school and their grades often reflect this disinterest. 
C) Aggressive behavior is more common among children living in economically advantaged areas than among children living in poverty. 
D) Aggressive children often befriend other aggressive children. 
A) Frequent exposure to media violence makes children more aggressive. 
B) Aggressive children are often uninterested in school and their grades often reflect this disinterest. 
C) Aggressive behavior is more common among children living in economically advantaged areas than among children living in poverty. 
D) Aggressive children often befriend other aggressive children.

Question 5

Briefly describe and give examples of the following types of aggression: instrumental,hostile,reactive,and relational.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 6

Children who showed greater self-control as 4-year-olds had more self-control,were more attentive,were better able to plan,and had higher SAT scores as 15- to 18-year-olds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Many scientists believe that humans are biologically predisposed to be helpful,to share,to cooperate,and to be concerned for others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When Julianne saw her mother scurrying to get everything ready for dinner,she said,"Mom,you have so many things to do,what can I do to help?" Julianne's ability to see that her mother's task was burdensome is best described as an example of

Accepted Answer

A) prosocial behavior. 
B) perspective-taking. 
C) empathy. 
D) moral reasoning. 
A) prosocial behavior. 
B) perspective-taking. 
C) empathy. 
D) moral reasoning.

Question 9

In a research study,Dr.Evanshen has children respond to the Heinz dilemma.What is she studying?

Accepted Answer

A) self-control 
B) prosocial behavior 
C) altruism 
D) moral reasoning 
A) self-control 
B) prosocial behavior 
C) altruism 
D) moral reasoning

Question 10

Studies of promoting moral reasoning have found that

Accepted Answer

A) simply being exposed to more advanced moral reasoning does not promote developmental change. 
B) seeing the inadequacies of one's moral reasoning does not lead one to abandon that reasoning. 
C) discussions with people with more advanced moral reasoning promote higher level reasoning. 
D) moral reasoning cannot be promoted. 
A) simply being exposed to more advanced moral reasoning does not promote developmental change. 
B) seeing the inadequacies of one's moral reasoning does not lead one to abandon that reasoning. 
C) discussions with people with more advanced moral reasoning promote higher level reasoning. 
D) moral reasoning cannot be promoted.

Question 11

Which of the following would be the LEAST effective plan for resisting temptation?

Accepted Answer

A) Remind yourself about the attraction of the tempting event. 
B) Remind yourself to avoid looking at the tempting object. 
C) Remind yourself of the rules against touching a tempting object. 
D) Try to distract yourself by taking part in activities not related to the tempting object. 
A) Remind yourself about the attraction of the tempting event. 
B) Remind yourself to avoid looking at the tempting object. 
C) Remind yourself of the rules against touching a tempting object. 
D) Try to distract yourself by taking part in activities not related to the tempting object.

Question 12

Parents who use which of the following disciplinary practices are most likely to have children who exhibit more altruistic behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) physical punishment 
B) reasoning 
C) time out 
D) rewarding good behavior 
A) physical punishment 
B) reasoning 
C) time out 
D) rewarding good behavior

Question 13

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) a child with high levels of perspective-taking 
B) a child who uses rewards and punishments as the basis for moral judgments 
C) a child who has low levels of empathy 
D) a child with high levels of egocentrism 
A) a child with high levels of perspective-taking 
B) a child who uses rewards and punishments as the basis for moral judgments 
C) a child who has low levels of empathy 
D) a child with high levels of egocentrism

Question 14

The setting helps determine whether children act altruistically or not.Describe four situational influences that influence altruistic behavior.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 15

__________ is the ability to rise above immediate pressures and not give in to impulse.

Accepted Answer

A) Empathy 
B) Moral relativism 
C) Moral realism 
D) Self-control 
A) Empathy 
B) Moral relativism 
C) Moral realism 
D) Self-control

Question 16

Who is in Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) Juanita,whose moral reasoning is based on a personal moral code 
B) Kelly,whose moral reasoning is based on looking out for her own needs 
C) Ivan,whose moral reasoning is based on avoidance of punishment 
D) Linda,whose moral reasoning is based on the approval of other people 
A) Juanita,whose moral reasoning is based on a personal moral code 
B) Kelly,whose moral reasoning is based on looking out for her own needs 
C) Ivan,whose moral reasoning is based on avoidance of punishment 
D) Linda,whose moral reasoning is based on the approval of other people

Question 17

__________ is behavior that is meant to harm others

Accepted Answer

A) Assertiveness 
B) Aggression 
C) Hedonism 
D) Altruism 
A) Assertiveness 
B) Aggression 
C) Hedonism 
D) Altruism

Question 18

According to Crick and Dodge's information-processing model of aggressive children's thinking,

Accepted Answer

A) aggressive and nonaggressive children do not differ in their processing of social information. 
B) aggressive children are less likely to attend to information that signals non-hostile motives. 
C) aggressive and nonaggressive children both know the appropriate responses,but aggressive children choose to act aggressively. 
D) aggressive children are more skilled at interpreting others' behavior. 
A) aggressive and nonaggressive children do not differ in their processing of social information. 
B) aggressive children are less likely to attend to information that signals non-hostile motives. 
C) aggressive and nonaggressive children both know the appropriate responses,but aggressive children choose to act aggressively. 
D) aggressive children are more skilled at interpreting others' behavior.

Question 19

William is an aggressive child.Chad is not an aggressive child.Which of the following would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A) Chad and William are equally likely to respond to neutral behavior with aggression. 
B) When engaged in an aggressive exchange,William is more likely than Chad to break it off. 
C) William is more likely than Chad to be accused of misbehaviors,even when he is behaving appropriately. 
D) Chad is more likely than William to be punished. 
A) Chad and William are equally likely to respond to neutral behavior with aggression. 
B) When engaged in an aggressive exchange,William is more likely than Chad to break it off. 
C) William is more likely than Chad to be accused of misbehaviors,even when he is behaving appropriately. 
D) Chad is more likely than William to be punished.

Question 20

You and your spouse want to make it more likely that your preschool child develops self-control.After reading about self-control in your textbook,you tell your spouse,

Accepted Answer

A) "Honey,we need to be very strict with Junior." 
B) "Pumpkin pie,we need to do what we can to help Junior develop a concrete plan for resisting temptations." 
C) "Dear,we need to talk to Junior about temptations and explain to him why they are so attractive." 
D) "Babe,we're worrying about this a little early.Children can't develop self-control until they're at least elementary school-age." 
A) "Honey,we need to be very strict with Junior." 
B) "Pumpkin pie,we need to do what we can to help Junior develop a concrete plan for resisting temptations." 
C) "Dear,we need to talk to Junior about temptations and explain to him why they are so attractive." 
D) "Babe,we're worrying about this a little early.Children can't develop self-control until they're at least elementary school-age."

Piaget's stage of __________ is characterized by an understanding that rules are created by people to help them get along.

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the family impacts aggressive behavior?

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died,she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow.Beth displayed

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding aggression and children?

Briefly describe and give examples of the following types of aggression: instrumental,hostile,reactive,and relational.

Children who showed greater self-control as 4-year-olds had more self-control,were more attentive,were better able to plan,and had higher SAT scores as 15- to 18-year-olds.

Many scientists believe that humans are biologically predisposed to be helpful,to share,to cooperate,and to be concerned for others.

When Julianne saw her mother scurrying to get everything ready for dinner,she said,"Mom,you have so many things to do,what can I do to help?" Julianne's ability to see that her mother's task was burdensome is best described as an example of

In a research study,Dr.Evanshen has children respond to the Heinz dilemma.What is she studying?

Studies of promoting moral reasoning have found that

Which of the following would be the LEAST effective plan for resisting temptation?

Parents who use which of the following disciplinary practices are most likely to have children who exhibit more altruistic behavior?

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

The setting helps determine whether children act altruistically or not.Describe four situational influences that influence altruistic behavior.

__________ is the ability to rise above immediate pressures and not give in to impulse.

Who is in Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning?

__________ is behavior that is meant to harm others

According to Crick and Dodge's information-processing model of aggressive children's thinking,

William is an aggressive child.Chad is not an aggressive child.Which of the following would you expect to find?

You and your spouse want to make it more likely that your preschool child develops self-control.After reading about self-control in your textbook,you tell your spouse,

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

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Gender and Development

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Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

Piaget's stage of __________ is characterized by an understanding that rules are created by people to help them get along.

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the family impacts aggressive behavior?

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died,she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow.Beth displayed

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding aggression and children?

Briefly describe and give examples of the following types of aggression: instrumental,hostile,reactive,and relational.

Children who showed greater self-control as 4-year-olds had more self-control,were more attentive,were better able to plan,and had higher SAT scores as 15- to 18-year-olds.

Many scientists believe that humans are biologically predisposed to be helpful,to share,to cooperate,and to be concerned for others.

When Julianne saw her mother scurrying to get everything ready for dinner,she said,"Mom,you have so many things to do,what can I do to help?" Julianne's ability to see that her mother's task was burdensome is best described as an example of

In a research study,Dr.Evanshen has children respond to the Heinz dilemma.What is she studying?

Studies of promoting moral reasoning have found that

Which of the following would be the LEAST effective plan for resisting temptation?

Parents who use which of the following disciplinary practices are most likely to have children who exhibit more altruistic behavior?

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

The setting helps determine whether children act altruistically or not.Describe four situational influences that influence altruistic behavior.

__________ is the ability to rise above immediate pressures and not give in to impulse.

Who is in Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning?

__________ is behavior that is meant to harm others

According to Crick and Dodge's information-processing model of aggressive children's thinking,

William is an aggressive child.Chad is not an aggressive child.Which of the following would you expect to find?

You and your spouse want to make it more likely that your preschool child develops self-control.After reading about self-control in your textbook,you tell your spouse,

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters