Question 1

Changing the representation may involve all EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

A) scratch paper 
B) physical representation 
C) visualization 
D) Any of the above could be classified as "changing the representation." 
A) scratch paper 
B) physical representation 
C) visualization 
D) Any of the above could be classified as "changing the representation."

Question 2

Research has demonstrated that the concept of "insight" is useful only for introspective reports.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Procedural knowledge is a general term referring to one's knowledge of a specific domain or topic,especially in problem solving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Metcalfe & Weibe (1986,1987)studied how people solve problems.Their most important finding was __________.

Accepted Answer

A) implicit memory can be spared despite poor explicit memory 
B) people have good insight into their ability to solve routine,but not insight,problems 
C) people have good insight into their ability to solve insight problems 
D) people are good at solving insight problems,unless reasoning by analogy is required 
A) implicit memory can be spared despite poor explicit memory 
B) people have good insight into their ability to solve routine,but not insight,problems 
C) people have good insight into their ability to solve insight problems 
D) people are good at solving insight problems,unless reasoning by analogy is required

Question 5

Recursively getting closer and closer from the current state towards the solution state is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) means-end analysis 
B) general problem solver (GPS) 
C) anticipating outcomes 
D) working backwards 
A) means-end analysis 
B) general problem solver (GPS) 
C) anticipating outcomes 
D) working backwards

Question 6

Neurological research on analogical problem solving has found that __________.

Accepted Answer

A) overall brain activity can change 
B) the hemispheres are differentially involved 
C) human brains are only beginning to evolve to solve problems 
D) subcortical structures are the most active 
A) overall brain activity can change 
B) the hemispheres are differentially involved 
C) human brains are only beginning to evolve to solve problems 
D) subcortical structures are the most active

Question 7

Functional fixedness occurs when people think about objects in the standard way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Inferences can help problem solving because __________.

Accepted Answer

A) not all of the relevant information is explicitly stated 
B) the solution is not provided 
C) means-end analysis is limited 
D) we all have cultural biases 
A) not all of the relevant information is explicitly stated 
B) the solution is not provided 
C) means-end analysis is limited 
D) we all have cultural biases

Question 9

Which is NOT mentioned in the text in the context of the problem space?

Accepted Answer

A) branching 
B) pruning 
C) fertilizing 
D) blocking 
A) branching 
B) pruning 
C) fertilizing 
D) blocking

Question 10

Thagard & Holyoak (mutliconstraint theory)suggest three constraints on problem-solving performance.What are they?

Accepted Answer

(PROBLEM SIMILARITY,

Question 11

What of the following is NOT one of the three factors that guide problem solving according to Holyoak and Thagard's multiconstraint theory?

Accepted Answer

A) problem similarity 
B) problem structure 
C) purpose of an analogy 
D) problem solution 
A) problem similarity 
B) problem structure 
C) purpose of an analogy 
D) problem solution

Question 12

An important characteristic of GPS is its formulation as a production system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Ill-defined problems can be solved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a constraint of multiconstraint theory (Holyoak & Thagard,1997)?

Accepted Answer

A) the similarity of the source and target domains 
B) parallelism of the structure of the problems 
C) the similarity of the purpose or goal of the problems 
D) our procedural operators required to institute the solutions 
A) the similarity of the source and target domains 
B) parallelism of the structure of the problems 
C) the similarity of the purpose or goal of the problems 
D) our procedural operators required to institute the solutions

Question 15

All of the following occur in problem space EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

A) applying operators 
B) triad analysis 
C) conducting a constructive search 
D) drawing inferences 
A) applying operators 
B) triad analysis 
C) conducting a constructive search 
D) drawing inferences

Question 16

Why might following a systematic plan improve problem solving? Use appropriate technical terms.

Accepted Answer

Following a systematic plan can improve

Question 17

People typically __________ analogies to solve problems.

Accepted Answer

A) do not spontaneously use 
B) avoid 
C) fail when using 
D) do not see the point of using 
A) do not spontaneously use 
B) avoid 
C) fail when using 
D) do not see the point of using

Question 18

Many scientific breakthroughs involve __________ problem solving.

Accepted Answer

A) neurological 
B) analogical 
C) conceptual 
D) abstract 
A) neurological 
B) analogical 
C) conceptual 
D) abstract

Question 19

A problem with vaguely specified states and operators are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) ill-defined 
B) still-defined 
C) well-defined 
D) all-defined 
A) ill-defined 
B) still-defined 
C) well-defined 
D) all-defined

Question 20

A problem with explicit and complete initial and end states is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) ill-defined 
B) still-defined 
C) well-defined 
D) all-defined 
A) ill-defined 
B) still-defined 
C) well-defined 
D) all-defined

Changing the representation may involve all EXCEPT __________.

Research has demonstrated that the concept of "insight" is useful only for introspective reports.

Procedural knowledge is a general term referring to one's knowledge of a specific domain or topic,especially in problem solving.

Metcalfe & Weibe (1986,1987)studied how people solve problems.Their most important finding was __________.

Recursively getting closer and closer from the current state towards the solution state is __________.

Neurological research on analogical problem solving has found that __________.

Functional fixedness occurs when people think about objects in the standard way.

Inferences can help problem solving because __________.

Which is NOT mentioned in the text in the context of the problem space?

Thagard & Holyoak (mutliconstraint theory)suggest three constraints on problem-solving performance.What are they?

What of the following is NOT one of the three factors that guide problem solving according to Holyoak and Thagard's multiconstraint theory?

An important characteristic of GPS is its formulation as a production system.

Ill-defined problems can be solved.

Which of the following is NOT a constraint of multiconstraint theory (Holyoak & Thagard,1997)?

All of the following occur in problem space EXCEPT __________.

Why might following a systematic plan improve problem solving? Use appropriate technical terms.

People typically __________ analogies to solve problems.

Many scientific breakthroughs involve __________ problem solving.

A problem with vaguely specified states and operators are called __________.

A problem with explicit and complete initial and end states is called __________.

Cognitive Psychology: An Introduction

Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Science

Sensation and Perception

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Learning and Remembering

Knowing

Using Knowledge in the Real World

Language

Comprehension: Written and Spoken Language

Decisions, Judgments, and Reasoning

Cognition and Emotion

Cognitive Development

Filters

Exam 12: Problem Solving

Changing the representation may involve all EXCEPT __________.

Research has demonstrated that the concept of "insight" is useful only for introspective reports.

Procedural knowledge is a general term referring to one's knowledge of a specific domain or topic,especially in problem solving.

Metcalfe & Weibe (1986,1987)studied how people solve problems.Their most important finding was __________.

Recursively getting closer and closer from the current state towards the solution state is __________.

Neurological research on analogical problem solving has found that __________.

Functional fixedness occurs when people think about objects in the standard way.

Inferences can help problem solving because __________.

Which is NOT mentioned in the text in the context of the problem space?

Thagard & Holyoak (mutliconstraint theory)suggest three constraints on problem-solving performance.What are they?

What of the following is NOT one of the three factors that guide problem solving according to Holyoak and Thagard's multiconstraint theory?

An important characteristic of GPS is its formulation as a production system.

Ill-defined problems can be solved.

Which of the following is NOT a constraint of multiconstraint theory (Holyoak & Thagard,1997)?

All of the following occur in problem space EXCEPT __________.

Why might following a systematic plan improve problem solving? Use appropriate technical terms.

People typically __________ analogies to solve problems.

Many scientific breakthroughs involve __________ problem solving.

A problem with vaguely specified states and operators are called __________.

A problem with explicit and complete initial and end states is called __________.

Cognitive Psychology: An Introduction

Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Science

Sensation and Perception

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Learning and Remembering

Knowing

Using Knowledge in the Real World

Language

Comprehension: Written and Spoken Language

Decisions, Judgments, and Reasoning

Cognition and Emotion

Cognitive Development

Filters