Question 1

Using appropriate technical terms,through what mechanism might practice help you to improve your problem solving (that is,WHY is practice useful)?

Accepted Answer

Practice can help improve problem solvin

Question 2

__________ in problems that ask "Is there a way to ...?" or "Is it possible that ...?"

Accepted Answer

A) You should work backwards 
B) You should work forwards 
C) You should draw a diagram 
D) You should search for contradictions 
A) You should work backwards 
B) You should work forwards 
C) You should draw a diagram 
D) You should search for contradictions

Question 3

Which does NOT illustrate Gestalt psychological principles?

Accepted Answer

A) Kohler's work with insight learning in apes 
B) Maier's "two-string problem" 
C) good continuation 
D) means-end analysis 
A) Kohler's work with insight learning in apes 
B) Maier's "two-string problem" 
C) good continuation 
D) means-end analysis

Question 4

Analogical problem solving depends on finding __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a parallel structure 
B) an orthogonal structure 
C) a perpendicular structure 
D) an oblique 
A) a parallel structure 
B) an orthogonal structure 
C) a perpendicular structure 
D) an oblique

Question 5

The first genuine computer-based model of problem-solving behavior was __________.

Accepted Answer

A) AMD 
B) GPS 
C) PDQ 
D) SOA 
A) AMD 
B) GPS 
C) PDQ 
D) SOA

Question 6

The initial,intermediate,and goal states in a problem and the problem solver's knowledge and any external resources that can be used to solve the problem are collectively referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) subgoal decomposition 
B) the problem space 
C) sequence of operations 
D) mental representation 
A) subgoal decomposition 
B) the problem space 
C) sequence of operations 
D) mental representation

Question 7

Well-defined problems have all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

A) explicit initial state 
B) explicit end state 
C) complete specification 
D) ambiguous operators 
A) explicit initial state 
B) explicit end state 
C) complete specification 
D) ambiguous operators

Question 8

Which is NOT a suggestion to help improve problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase domain knowledge. 
B) Follow a systematic plan. 
C) Work backwards. 
D) Avoid inferences. 
A) Increase domain knowledge. 
B) Follow a systematic plan. 
C) Work backwards. 
D) Avoid inferences.

Question 9

In the General Problem Solver (GPS)program,a production was __________.

Accepted Answer

A) causally independent 
B) a condition-action pair 
C) content free 
D) a rigorous testing method 
A) causally independent 
B) a condition-action pair 
C) content free 
D) a rigorous testing method

Question 10

Neuropsychological research shows that during insight problem solving,__________.

Accepted Answer

A) people need to be released from frontal lobe suppression 
B) the frontal lobes need to suppress irrelevant thoughts 
C) cortical activation is nearly shut down 
D) cortical activation is at its highest 
A) people need to be released from frontal lobe suppression 
B) the frontal lobes need to suppress irrelevant thoughts 
C) cortical activation is nearly shut down 
D) cortical activation is at its highest

Question 11

Newell & Simon's GPS model can often provide a very good description of human problem-solving performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The name of the first problem-solving program was___________.

Accepted Answer

(GENERAL P

Question 13

In studies of problem solving,a verbal protocol involves __________.

Accepted Answer

A) detailed notes taken by an experimenter during problem solving 
B) providing exceptionally detailed verbal instructions to people prior to problem solving 
C) a transcription of people's verbalizations as they solve problems 
D) a structured verbal guide for people as they solve problems 
A) detailed notes taken by an experimenter during problem solving 
B) providing exceptionally detailed verbal instructions to people prior to problem solving 
C) a transcription of people's verbalizations as they solve problems 
D) a structured verbal guide for people as they solve problems

Question 14

A German term adopted into psychological terminology referring to an entire pattern,form,or configuration is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Eichler 
B) Eichenbaum 
C) Gestalt 
D) Diatrics 
A) Eichler 
B) Eichenbaum 
C) Gestalt 
D) Diatrics

Question 15

The apparently sudden arrival at a solution to a problem,without the normal feeling of getting warmer,is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) algorithmic solutions 
B) analogical reasoning 
C) insight 
D) clarification of the goal state 
A) algorithmic solutions 
B) analogical reasoning 
C) insight 
D) clarification of the goal state

Question 16

Wasting a lot of time opening junk mail,even when the envelope is obviously not a real bill,might reflect __________.

Accepted Answer

A) functional fixedness 
B) implicit set 
C) syllogistic reasoning 
D) means-end analysis 
A) functional fixedness 
B) implicit set 
C) syllogistic reasoning 
D) means-end analysis

Question 17

Which is NOT true of production statements and/or production system models?

Accepted Answer

A) Productions are either condition-action or if-then relations. 
B) If a production's conditions are satisfied,the production action takes place. 
C) GPS was the first production systems model in psychology. 
D) Production system models are only used in psychological modeling. 
A) Productions are either condition-action or if-then relations. 
B) If a production's conditions are satisfied,the production action takes place. 
C) GPS was the first production systems model in psychology. 
D) Production system models are only used in psychological modeling.

Question 18

What is it called if people can solve a problem after not thinking about it?

Accepted Answer

A) insight 
B) analogy 
C) Einstellung 
D) incubation 
A) insight 
B) analogy 
C) Einstellung 
D) incubation

Question 19

Which is TRUE of Gestalt psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) It led researchers to think about how a person perceives the whole of a problem. 
B) The "whole" perspective makes it easier to accept their research at face value. 
C) The effectiveness of the reductionist approach inherent in Gestalt problem-solving research could not be relied upon to produce valuable insights. 
D) The definition of "goal" as the desired endpoint or solution of the problem-solving activity is problematic. 
A) It led researchers to think about how a person perceives the whole of a problem. 
B) The "whole" perspective makes it easier to accept their research at face value. 
C) The effectiveness of the reductionist approach inherent in Gestalt problem-solving research could not be relied upon to produce valuable insights. 
D) The definition of "goal" as the desired endpoint or solution of the problem-solving activity is problematic.

Question 20

Analogy is used in problem solving __________.

Accepted Answer

A) by comparing the current situation to other similar ones 
B) in a way that assesses the non-digital components 
C) to always be successful 
D) at the outset 
A) by comparing the current situation to other similar ones 
B) in a way that assesses the non-digital components 
C) to always be successful 
D) at the outset

Using appropriate technical terms,through what mechanism might practice help you to improve your problem solving (that is,WHY is practice useful)?

__________ in problems that ask "Is there a way to ...?" or "Is it possible that ...?"

Which does NOT illustrate Gestalt psychological principles?

Analogical problem solving depends on finding __________.

The first genuine computer-based model of problem-solving behavior was __________.

The initial,intermediate,and goal states in a problem and the problem solver's knowledge and any external resources that can be used to solve the problem are collectively referred to as __________.

Well-defined problems have all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Which is NOT a suggestion to help improve problem solving?

In the General Problem Solver (GPS)program,a production was __________.

Neuropsychological research shows that during insight problem solving,__________.

Newell & Simon's GPS model can often provide a very good description of human problem-solving performance.

The name of the first problem-solving program was___________.

In studies of problem solving,a verbal protocol involves __________.

A German term adopted into psychological terminology referring to an entire pattern,form,or configuration is __________.

The apparently sudden arrival at a solution to a problem,without the normal feeling of getting warmer,is __________.

Wasting a lot of time opening junk mail,even when the envelope is obviously not a real bill,might reflect __________.

Which is NOT true of production statements and/or production system models?

What is it called if people can solve a problem after not thinking about it?

Which is TRUE of Gestalt psychology?

Analogy is used in problem solving __________.

Cognitive Psychology: An Introduction

Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Science

Sensation and Perception

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Learning and Remembering

Knowing

Using Knowledge in the Real World

Language

Comprehension: Written and Spoken Language

Decisions, Judgments, and Reasoning

Cognition and Emotion

Cognitive Development

Filters

Exam 12: Problem Solving

Using appropriate technical terms,through what mechanism might practice help you to improve your problem solving (that is,WHY is practice useful)?

__________ in problems that ask "Is there a way to ...?" or "Is it possible that ...?"

Which does NOT illustrate Gestalt psychological principles?

Analogical problem solving depends on finding __________.

The first genuine computer-based model of problem-solving behavior was __________.

The initial,intermediate,and goal states in a problem and the problem solver's knowledge and any external resources that can be used to solve the problem are collectively referred to as __________.

Well-defined problems have all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Which is NOT a suggestion to help improve problem solving?

In the General Problem Solver (GPS)program,a production was __________.

Neuropsychological research shows that during insight problem solving,__________.

Newell & Simon's GPS model can often provide a very good description of human problem-solving performance.

The name of the first problem-solving program was___________.

In studies of problem solving,a verbal protocol involves __________.

A German term adopted into psychological terminology referring to an entire pattern,form,or configuration is __________.

The apparently sudden arrival at a solution to a problem,without the normal feeling of getting warmer,is __________.

Wasting a lot of time opening junk mail,even when the envelope is obviously not a real bill,might reflect __________.

Which is NOT true of production statements and/or production system models?

What is it called if people can solve a problem after not thinking about it?

Which is TRUE of Gestalt psychology?

Analogy is used in problem solving __________.

Cognitive Psychology: An Introduction

Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Science

Sensation and Perception

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Learning and Remembering

Knowing

Using Knowledge in the Real World

Language

Comprehension: Written and Spoken Language

Decisions, Judgments, and Reasoning

Cognition and Emotion

Cognitive Development

Filters