Question 1

Which of the following statements is true concerning the biomechanical properties of ligaments,if the rate of application of the force is increased?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ligament stores less energy to failure. 
B)  The ligament requires more force to rupture. 
C)  The ligament has decreased stiffness. 
D)  The stiffness of the ligament is unchanged. 
A)  The ligament stores less energy to failure. 
B)  The ligament requires more force to rupture. 
C)  The ligament has decreased stiffness. 
D)  The stiffness of the ligament is unchanged. B

Question 2

Define the motions of spin,slide,and roll as they relate to intra-articular joint motions? Which is most common within a joint?

Accepted Answer

Spin is rotation about a fixed axis.Slide is a pure translatory or linear movement of one surface upon another,and roll would be rolling of one surface upon another (as in a rocking chair).Generally,intra-articular surfaces slide and roll upon one another in an attempt to produce as close to a pure spin as possible.This is rarely,if ever,achieved.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the structural composition of the extracellular matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,and proteoglycans 
B)  Collagen fibers,glycosaminoglycans,water,and mineralized bone salts 
C)  Collagen fibers,glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,proteoglycans,and mineralized bone salts 
D)  Glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,proteoglycans,and unmineralized bone salts 
A)  Glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,and proteoglycans 
B)  Collagen fibers,glycosaminoglycans,water,and mineralized bone salts 
C)  Collagen fibers,glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,proteoglycans,and mineralized bone salts 
D)  Glycosaminoglycans,glycoproteins,water,proteoglycans,and unmineralized bone salts C

Question 4

Define the terms hypermobility and hypomobility as each refers to human motion.

Accepted Answer

Mobility of joints is assessed passively

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true concerning articular cartilage injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  A superficial laceration is capable of healing itself by filling in with fibrovascular tissue. 
B)  A deep cartilage lesion does not extend beyond the tidemark. 
C)  A deep laceration may heal by forming new fibrocartilage. 
D)  A superficial lesion is likely to heal faster than a deep one. 
A)  A superficial laceration is capable of healing itself by filling in with fibrovascular tissue. 
B)  A deep cartilage lesion does not extend beyond the tidemark. 
C)  A deep laceration may heal by forming new fibrocartilage. 
D)  A superficial lesion is likely to heal faster than a deep one.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of viscoelasticity,and which of the following tissues exhibits viscoelasticity: ligaments,tendons,hyaline cartilage,fibrocartilage,or bone?

Accepted Answer

Viscoelastic materials exhibit elasticit

Question 7

The plastic portion of the stress-strain curve pictured above lies between:

Accepted Answer

A)  Point A and point B 
B)  Point A and point D 
C)  Point B and point D 
A)  Point A and point B 
B)  Point A and point D 
C)  Point B and point D

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true concerning nutrition of articular cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Articular cartilage can easily repair itself due to its very efficient and effective nutritional system. 
B)  Nutrients are found in large proportions in the more superficial layers of articular cartilage. 
C)  Nutrients from synovial fluid can pass into articular cartilage when external pressure is applied. 
D)  All forms of joint loading will cause poor nutrition to articular cartilage. 
A)  Articular cartilage can easily repair itself due to its very efficient and effective nutritional system. 
B)  Nutrients are found in large proportions in the more superficial layers of articular cartilage. 
C)  Nutrients from synovial fluid can pass into articular cartilage when external pressure is applied. 
D)  All forms of joint loading will cause poor nutrition to articular cartilage.

Question 9

Which of the following joints has two or more degrees of freedom of osteokinematic motion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Third proximal interphalangeal (PIP)joint 
B)  Superior radioulnar joint 
C)  Radiocarpal joint 
D)  Humeroulnar joint 
A)  Third proximal interphalangeal (PIP)joint 
B)  Superior radioulnar joint 
C)  Radiocarpal joint 
D)  Humeroulnar joint

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the biomechanical properties of a ligament (or tendon)if the width of the ligament is doubled?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greater elongation before failure 
B)  Less elongation before failure 
C)  Increased strength before failure 
D)  Decreased strength before failure 
A)  Greater elongation before failure 
B)  Less elongation before failure 
C)  Increased strength before failure 
D)  Decreased strength before failure

Question 11

Increasing the rate of application of a force causes a ligament to ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  store less energy to failure 
B)  require more force to rupture 
C)  decrease stiffness 
D)  elongate more 
A)  store less energy to failure 
B)  require more force to rupture 
C)  decrease stiffness 
D)  elongate more

Question 12

A man is sitting on a chair.He brings himself up into a standing position.His tibiofemoral joint moves from a flexed position to full extension during the maneuver.Which of the following best describes what is happening at the tibiofemoral joint during this maneuver? Think in anatomical terms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anterior glide of the proximal tibia on the distal femur 
B)  Posterior glide of the proximal tibia on the distal femur 
C)  Anterior glide of the distal femur on the proximal tibia 
D)  Posterior glide of the distal femur on the proximal tibia 
A)  Anterior glide of the proximal tibia on the distal femur 
B)  Posterior glide of the proximal tibia on the distal femur 
C)  Anterior glide of the distal femur on the proximal tibia 
D)  Posterior glide of the distal femur on the proximal tibia

Question 13

What are the mechanisms by which overuse may affect connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

Sustained loads on tendons,ligaments,or

Question 14

Which of the following would constitute a closed kinematic chain activity of the left shoulder complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using your left arm to push yourself out of a chair 
B)  Throwing a Frisbee with your left hand 
C)  Combing your hair with your left hand 
D)  Waving with your left hand 
A)  Using your left arm to push yourself out of a chair 
B)  Throwing a Frisbee with your left hand 
C)  Combing your hair with your left hand 
D)  Waving with your left hand

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true concerning fibroblasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  They synthesize the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. 
B)  They are not normally present in healthy connective tissue. 
C)  They are undifferentiated precursor cells. 
D)  They are circulating cells. 
A)  They synthesize the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. 
B)  They are not normally present in healthy connective tissue. 
C)  They are undifferentiated precursor cells. 
D)  They are circulating cells.

Question 16

As a clinician,you are attempting to produce permanent elongation in a severely contracted flexor digitorum profundus tendon.Which of the following general strategies concerning treatment will be least effective in achieving permanent lengthening of the tendon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply force slowly to decrease the stiffness of the tendon. 
B)  Apply a short duration force,keeping the force in the elastic range. 
C)  Apply enough force to cause microfailure of some fibers in the tendon. 
D)  Use a splint that will apply a low load to the tendon (at the beginning of the elastic range)for 3 weeks. 
A)  Apply force slowly to decrease the stiffness of the tendon. 
B)  Apply a short duration force,keeping the force in the elastic range. 
C)  Apply enough force to cause microfailure of some fibers in the tendon. 
D)  Use a splint that will apply a low load to the tendon (at the beginning of the elastic range)for 3 weeks.

Question 17

Describe the arrangement of fibers in hyaline cartilage.Why is this arrangement suited to its function?

Accepted Answer

The outer layer (zone I)has parallel fib

Question 18

What is the general effect of immobilization on connective tissues? What are the implications for these changes?

Accepted Answer

The responses can be numerous.Because th

Question 19

Describe what happens when cartilage undergoes compression.What are the factors that determine the response,and how does each factor affect it?

Accepted Answer

When cartilage is compressed,the protein

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true concerning "joint play" of a joint?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joint play is not considered a "normal" motion at the joint. 
B)  They must be tested by application of an external force. 
C)  They can be performed voluntarily by a subject. 
D)  They occur only in the close-packed position of the joint. 
A)  Joint play is not considered a "normal" motion at the joint. 
B)  They must be tested by application of an external force. 
C)  They can be performed voluntarily by a subject. 
D)  They occur only in the close-packed position of the joint.

Which of the following statements is true concerning the biomechanical properties of ligaments,if the rate of application of the force is increased?

Define the motions of spin,slide,and roll as they relate to intra-articular joint motions? Which is most common within a joint?

Which of the following best describes the structural composition of the extracellular matrix of bone?

Define the terms hypermobility and hypomobility as each refers to human motion.

Which of the following statements is true concerning articular cartilage injury?

What are the characteristics of viscoelasticity,and which of the following tissues exhibits viscoelasticity: ligaments,tendons,hyaline cartilage,fibrocartilage,or bone?

The plastic portion of the stress-strain curve pictured above lies between:

Which of the following statements is true concerning nutrition of articular cartilage?

Which of the following joints has two or more degrees of freedom of osteokinematic motion?

Which of the following is true about the biomechanical properties of a ligament (or tendon)if the width of the ligament is doubled?

Increasing the rate of application of a force causes a ligament to ____________________.

A man is sitting on a chair.He brings himself up into a standing position.His tibiofemoral joint moves from a flexed position to full extension during the maneuver.Which of the following best describes what is happening at the tibiofemoral joint during this maneuver? Think in anatomical terms.

What are the mechanisms by which overuse may affect connective tissues?

Which of the following would constitute a closed kinematic chain activity of the left shoulder complex?

Which of the following statements is true concerning fibroblasts?

As a clinician,you are attempting to produce permanent elongation in a severely contracted flexor digitorum profundus tendon.Which of the following general strategies concerning treatment will be least effective in achieving permanent lengthening of the tendon?

Describe the arrangement of fibers in hyaline cartilage.Why is this arrangement suited to its function?

What is the general effect of immobilization on connective tissues? What are the implications for these changes?

Describe what happens when cartilage undergoes compression.What are the factors that determine the response,and how does each factor affect it?

Which of the following statements is true concerning "joint play" of a joint?

Biomechanical Applications to Joint Structure and Function

Muscle Structure and Function

The Vertebral Column

The Thorax and Chest Wall

The Temporomandibular Joint

The Shoulder Complex

The Elbow Complex

The Wrist and Hand Complex

The Hip Complex

The Knee Complex

The Ankle and Foot Complex

Filters

Exam 2: Joint Structure and Function

Which of the following statements is true concerning the biomechanical properties of ligaments,if the rate of application of the force is increased?

Define the motions of spin,slide,and roll as they relate to intra-articular joint motions? Which is most common within a joint?

Which of the following best describes the structural composition of the extracellular matrix of bone?

Define the terms hypermobility and hypomobility as each refers to human motion.

Which of the following statements is true concerning articular cartilage injury?

What are the characteristics of viscoelasticity,and which of the following tissues exhibits viscoelasticity: ligaments,tendons,hyaline cartilage,fibrocartilage,or bone?

The plastic portion of the stress-strain curve pictured above lies between:

Which of the following statements is true concerning nutrition of articular cartilage?

Which of the following joints has two or more degrees of freedom of osteokinematic motion?

Which of the following is true about the biomechanical properties of a ligament (or tendon)if the width of the ligament is doubled?

Increasing the rate of application of a force causes a ligament to ____________________.

A man is sitting on a chair.He brings himself up into a standing position.His tibiofemoral joint moves from a flexed position to full extension during the maneuver.Which of the following best describes what is happening at the tibiofemoral joint during this maneuver? Think in anatomical terms.

What are the mechanisms by which overuse may affect connective tissues?

Which of the following would constitute a closed kinematic chain activity of the left shoulder complex?

Which of the following statements is true concerning fibroblasts?

As a clinician,you are attempting to produce permanent elongation in a severely contracted flexor digitorum profundus tendon.Which of the following general strategies concerning treatment will be least effective in achieving permanent lengthening of the tendon?

Describe the arrangement of fibers in hyaline cartilage.Why is this arrangement suited to its function?

What is the general effect of immobilization on connective tissues? What are the implications for these changes?

Describe what happens when cartilage undergoes compression.What are the factors that determine the response,and how does each factor affect it?

Which of the following statements is true concerning "joint play" of a joint?

Biomechanical Applications to Joint Structure and Function

Muscle Structure and Function

The Vertebral Column

The Thorax and Chest Wall

The Temporomandibular Joint

The Shoulder Complex

The Elbow Complex

The Wrist and Hand Complex

The Hip Complex

The Knee Complex

The Ankle and Foot Complex

Filters