Question 1

Figure 27-4.The figure shows a utility function for Alex.  
-Refer to Figure 27-4.From the appearance of Alex's utility function,we know that

Accepted Answer

A) if Alex owns a house,then he definitely would buy fire insurance provided the cost of the insurance was reasonable. 
B) Alex would voluntarily exchange a portfolio of stocks with a high average return and a high level of risk for a portfolio with a low average return and a low level of risk. 
C) Alex is risk averse. 
D) Alex is not risk averse. 
A) if Alex owns a house,then he definitely would buy fire insurance provided the cost of the insurance was reasonable. 
B) Alex would voluntarily exchange a portfolio of stocks with a high average return and a high level of risk for a portfolio with a low average return and a low level of risk. 
C) Alex is risk averse. 
D) Alex is not risk averse. D

Question 2

In effect,an annuity provides insurance

Accepted Answer

A) against the risk of dying and leaving one's family without a regular income. 
B) against the risk of living too long. 
C) to people who are not risk-averse. 
D) to people whose utility functions do not display the usual properties. 
A) against the risk of dying and leaving one's family without a regular income. 
B) against the risk of living too long. 
C) to people who are not risk-averse. 
D) to people whose utility functions do not display the usual properties. B

Question 3

Kyle puts a greater proportion of his portfolio into government bonds.Kyle's action

Accepted Answer

A) increases both risk and the average rate of return. 
B) decreases both risk and the average rate of return. 
C) increases risk,but decreases the average rate of return. 
D) decreases risk,but increases the average rate of return. 
A) increases both risk and the average rate of return. 
B) decreases both risk and the average rate of return. 
C) increases risk,but decreases the average rate of return. 
D) decreases risk,but increases the average rate of return. B

Question 4

Kayla faces risks and she pays a fee to ABC Company;in return,ABC Company agrees to accept some or all of Kayla's risks.ABC Company is

Accepted Answer

A) a mutual fund. 
B) an insurance company. 
C) a diversified company. 
D) an equity-financed company. 
A) a mutual fund. 
B) an insurance company. 
C) a diversified company. 
D) an equity-financed company.

Question 5

Chloe talked to several stockbrokers and made the following conclusions.Which,if any,of Chloe's conclusions are correct?

Accepted Answer

A) It is relatively easy to reduce firm-specific risk by increasing the number of companies one holds stock in. 
B) Stock prices,even if not exactly a random walk,are very close to it. 
C) Some people have made a lot of money in the stock market by using insider information,but these cases are not contrary to the efficient markets hypothesis. 
D) All of Chloe's conclusions are correct. 
A) It is relatively easy to reduce firm-specific risk by increasing the number of companies one holds stock in. 
B) Stock prices,even if not exactly a random walk,are very close to it. 
C) Some people have made a lot of money in the stock market by using insider information,but these cases are not contrary to the efficient markets hypothesis. 
D) All of Chloe's conclusions are correct.

Question 6

An increase in the number of corporations in a portfolio from 1 to 10 reduces

Accepted Answer

A) market risk by more than an increase from 110 to 120. 
B) market risk by less than an increase from 110 to 120. 
C) firm-specific risk by more than an increase from 110 to 120. 
D) firm-specific risk by less than an increase from 110 to 120. 
A) market risk by more than an increase from 110 to 120. 
B) market risk by less than an increase from 110 to 120. 
C) firm-specific risk by more than an increase from 110 to 120. 
D) firm-specific risk by less than an increase from 110 to 120.

Question 7

Consider the following two situations.Irene accepts a job where she will be driving in dangerous traffic,so she seeks auto insurance.After Victor buys health insurance,he visits the gym less frequently.Which of these person's actions illustrates moral hazard?

Accepted Answer

A) both Irene's and Victor's 
B) Irene's but not Victor's 
C) Victor's but not Irene's 
D) neither Victor's nor Irene's 
A) both Irene's and Victor's 
B) Irene's but not Victor's 
C) Victor's but not Irene's 
D) neither Victor's nor Irene's

Question 8

The largest reduction in a portfolio's risk is achieved when the number of stocks in the portfolio is increased from

Accepted Answer

A) 80 to 100. 
B) 40 to 80. 
C) 10 to 20. 
D) 1 to 10. 
A) 80 to 100. 
B) 40 to 80. 
C) 10 to 20. 
D) 1 to 10.

Question 9

Which of the following is adverse selection?

Accepted Answer

A) the risk associated with selecting stocks in only a few specific companies 
B) the risk that a person will become overconfident in his ability to select stocks 
C) a high-risk person being more likely to apply for insurance 
D) after obtaining insurance a person having less incentive to be careful 
A) the risk associated with selecting stocks in only a few specific companies 
B) the risk that a person will become overconfident in his ability to select stocks 
C) a high-risk person being more likely to apply for insurance 
D) after obtaining insurance a person having less incentive to be careful

Question 10

Which of the following is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The higher average return on stocks than on bonds comes at the price of higher risk. 
B) Risk-averse persons will take the risks involved in holding stocks if the average return is high enough to compensate for the risk. 
C) Insurance markets reduce risk,but not by diversification. 
D) Risk can be reduced by placing a large number of small bets,rather than a small number of large bets. 
A) The higher average return on stocks than on bonds comes at the price of higher risk. 
B) Risk-averse persons will take the risks involved in holding stocks if the average return is high enough to compensate for the risk. 
C) Insurance markets reduce risk,but not by diversification. 
D) Risk can be reduced by placing a large number of small bets,rather than a small number of large bets.

Question 11

Figure 27-5.The figure shows a utility function for Dexter.  
-Refer to Figure 27-5.From the appearance of the utility function,we know that

Accepted Answer

A) Dexter is risk averse. 
B) Dexter gains more satisfaction when his wealth increases by X dollars than he loses in satisfaction when his wealth decreases by X dollars. 
C) the property of decreasing marginal utility applies to Dexter. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) Dexter is risk averse. 
B) Dexter gains more satisfaction when his wealth increases by X dollars than he loses in satisfaction when his wealth decreases by X dollars. 
C) the property of decreasing marginal utility applies to Dexter. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 12

Figure 27-1.The figure shows a utility function.  
-Refer to Figure 27-1.For the person to whom this utility function applies,

Accepted Answer

A) the more wealth she has,the less utility she gets from an additional dollar of wealth. 
B) the more wealth she has,the more utility she gets from an additional dollar of wealth. 
C) her level of satisfaction will be enhanced more by an increase in wealth from $600 to $800 than it would be by an increase in wealth from $400 to $600. 
D) her level of satisfaction will be enhanced equally by an increase in wealth from $600 to $800 or by an increase in wealth from $400 to $600. 
A) the more wealth she has,the less utility she gets from an additional dollar of wealth. 
B) the more wealth she has,the more utility she gets from an additional dollar of wealth. 
C) her level of satisfaction will be enhanced more by an increase in wealth from $600 to $800 than it would be by an increase in wealth from $400 to $600. 
D) her level of satisfaction will be enhanced equally by an increase in wealth from $600 to $800 or by an increase in wealth from $400 to $600.

Question 13

Figure 27-4.The figure shows a utility function for Alex.  
-Refer to Figure 27-4.If most people's utility functions look like Alex's utility function,then it is easy to explain why

Accepted Answer

A) people buy various types of insurance. 
B) we observe a trade-off between risk and return. 
C) most people prefer to hold diversified portfolios of assets to undiversified portfolios of assets. 
D) None of the above are correct. 
A) people buy various types of insurance. 
B) we observe a trade-off between risk and return. 
C) most people prefer to hold diversified portfolios of assets to undiversified portfolios of assets. 
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following defines an annuity?

Accepted Answer

A) For a fee,an insurance company provides you with regular income until you die. 
B) A surcharge is added to life-insurance premiums paid by persons in dangerous occupations. 
C) Annuity is another name for stock funds managed by mutual fund managers. 
D) Annuity is another name for any diversified portfolio. 
A) For a fee,an insurance company provides you with regular income until you die. 
B) A surcharge is added to life-insurance premiums paid by persons in dangerous occupations. 
C) Annuity is another name for stock funds managed by mutual fund managers. 
D) Annuity is another name for any diversified portfolio.

Question 15

Tami knows that people in her family die young,and so she buys life insurance.Preston knows he is a reckless driver and so he applies for automobile insurance.

Accepted Answer

A) These are both examples of adverse selection. 
B) These are both examples of moral hazard. 
C) The first example illustrates adverse selection,and the second illustrates moral hazard. 
D) The first example illustrates moral hazard,and the second illustrates adverse selection. 
A) These are both examples of adverse selection. 
B) These are both examples of moral hazard. 
C) The first example illustrates adverse selection,and the second illustrates moral hazard. 
D) The first example illustrates moral hazard,and the second illustrates adverse selection.

Question 16

If Alan is risk-averse,then he will always

Accepted Answer

A) choose not to play a game where he has a 50 percent chance of winning $5 and a 50 percent chance of losing $5. 
B) choose not to play a game where he has a 75 percent chance of winning $5 and a 25 percent chance of losing $5. 
C) choose to play a game where he has a 55 percent chance of winning $5 and a 45 percent chance of losing $5. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) choose not to play a game where he has a 50 percent chance of winning $5 and a 50 percent chance of losing $5. 
B) choose not to play a game where he has a 75 percent chance of winning $5 and a 25 percent chance of losing $5. 
C) choose to play a game where he has a 55 percent chance of winning $5 and a 45 percent chance of losing $5. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 17

Which of the following is a source of market risk?

Accepted Answer

A) Holding stocks in many companies carries the risk of a reduced average return. 
B) Real GDP varies over time and sales and profits move with real GDP. 
C) When a paper producer has declining sales,it is likely that so will other paper producers. 
D) If stockholders become aggravated with the way a CEO runs a company,the price of that company's stock might fall in the stock market. 
A) Holding stocks in many companies carries the risk of a reduced average return. 
B) Real GDP varies over time and sales and profits move with real GDP. 
C) When a paper producer has declining sales,it is likely that so will other paper producers. 
D) If stockholders become aggravated with the way a CEO runs a company,the price of that company's stock might fall in the stock market.

Question 18

David increases the number of companies in which he holds stocks.

Accepted Answer

A) This reduces risk's standard deviation and firm-specific risk. 
B) This reduces risk's standard deviation and market risk. 
C) This raises market risk,but lowers firm-specific risk.What happens to overall risk is unclear. 
D) This raises firm-specific risk,but lowers market risk.What happens to overall risk is unclear. 
A) This reduces risk's standard deviation and firm-specific risk. 
B) This reduces risk's standard deviation and market risk. 
C) This raises market risk,but lowers firm-specific risk.What happens to overall risk is unclear. 
D) This raises firm-specific risk,but lowers market risk.What happens to overall risk is unclear.

Question 19

Lori,who currently owns stock in four companies,has decided to expand her portfolio by purchasing stock in virtually every company that sells stock.In doing so,Lori will

Accepted Answer

A) increase the risk of her portfolio. 
B) decrease some,but not all,of the risk of her portfolio. 
C) decrease all of the risk of her portfolio. 
D) leave the risk of her portfolio unchanged from its present level. 
A) increase the risk of her portfolio. 
B) decrease some,but not all,of the risk of her portfolio. 
C) decrease all of the risk of her portfolio. 
D) leave the risk of her portfolio unchanged from its present level.

Question 20

Figure 27-3
The following figure shows the utility function for Paul.  
-Refer to Figure 27-3.Suppose Paul begins with $900 in wealth.Starting from there,

Accepted Answer

A) Paul would be willing to accept a coin-flip bet that would result in him winning $200 if the result was "heads" or losing $200 if the result was "tails." 
B) the pain of losing $200 of his wealth would equal the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth. 
C) the pain of losing $200 of his wealth would exceed the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth. 
D) the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth would exceed the pain of losing $200 of his wealth. 
A) Paul would be willing to accept a coin-flip bet that would result in him winning $200 if the result was "heads" or losing $200 if the result was "tails." 
B) the pain of losing $200 of his wealth would equal the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth. 
C) the pain of losing $200 of his wealth would exceed the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth. 
D) the pleasure of adding $200 to his wealth would exceed the pain of losing $200 of his wealth.

Exam 14: The Basic Tools of Finance: Managing Risk

Figure 27-4.The figure shows a utility function for Alex. -Refer to Figure 27-4.From the appearance of Alex's utility function,we know that

In effect,an annuity provides insurance

Kyle puts a greater proportion of his portfolio into government bonds.Kyle's action

Kayla faces risks and she pays a fee to ABC Company;in return,ABC Company agrees to accept some or all of Kayla's risks.ABC Company is

Chloe talked to several stockbrokers and made the following conclusions.Which,if any,of Chloe's conclusions are correct?

An increase in the number of corporations in a portfolio from 1 to 10 reduces

Consider the following two situations.Irene accepts a job where she will be driving in dangerous traffic,so she seeks auto insurance.After Victor buys health insurance,he visits the gym less frequently.Which of these person's actions illustrates moral hazard?

The largest reduction in a portfolio's risk is achieved when the number of stocks in the portfolio is increased from

Which of the following is adverse selection?

Which of the following is not correct?

Figure 27-5.The figure shows a utility function for Dexter. -Refer to Figure 27-5.From the appearance of the utility function,we know that

Figure 27-1.The figure shows a utility function. -Refer to Figure 27-1.For the person to whom this utility function applies,

Figure 27-4.The figure shows a utility function for Alex. -Refer to Figure 27-4.If most people's utility functions look like Alex's utility function,then it is easy to explain why

Which of the following defines an annuity?

Tami knows that people in her family die young,and so she buys life insurance.Preston knows he is a reckless driver and so he applies for automobile insurance.

If Alan is risk-averse,then he will always

Which of the following is a source of market risk?

David increases the number of companies in which he holds stocks.

Lori,who currently owns stock in four companies,has decided to expand her portfolio by purchasing stock in virtually every company that sells stock.In doing so,Lori will

Figure 27-3 The following figure shows the utility function for Paul. -Refer to Figure 27-3.Suppose Paul begins with $900 in wealth.Starting from there,

Ten Principles of Economics

Ten Principles of Economics: How People Make Decisions

Ten Principles of Economics: How People Interact

Ten Principles of Economics: How the Economy As a Whole Works

Ten Principles of Economics: Part A

Ten Principles of Economics: Part B

Thinking Like an Economist

Thinking Like an Economist: The Economist As Scientist

Thinking Like an Economist: The Economist As Policy Adviser

Thinking Like an Economist: Why Economists Disagree

Thinking Like an Economist: Lets Get Going

Thinking Like an Economist: Graphing a Brief Review

Thinking Like an Economist: Part A

Thinking Like an Economist: Part B

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: A Parable for the Modern Economy

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: Comparative Advantage the Driving Force of Specialization

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: Applications of Comparative Advantage

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: Conclusion

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: Part A

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade: Part B

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand:Markets and Competition

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand: Demand

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand: Supply

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand: Supply and Demand Together

The Market Forces of Supply and DemandConclusion How Prices Allocate Resources

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand: Part A

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand: Part B

Elasticity and Its Applications

Elasticity and Its Applications: The Elasticity of Demand

Elasticity and Its Applications: The Elasticity of Supply

Elasticity and Its Applications: Three Applications of Supply,demand,and Elasticity

Elasticity and Its Applications: Part A

Elasticity and Its Applications: Part B

Supply Demand and Government Policies

Supply Demand and Government Policies: Controls on Prices

Supply Demand and Government Policies: Taxes

Supply Demand and Government Policies: Part A

Supply Demand and Government Policies: Part B

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Consumer Surplus

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Producer Surplus

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Market Efficiency

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Conclusion Market Efficiency and Market Failure

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Part A

Consumers Producers and the Efficiency of Markets: Part B

Application the Cost of Taxation

Application the Cost of Taxation: The Deadweight Loss of Taxation

Application the Cost of Taxation: The Determinants of the Deadweight Loss

Application the Cost of Taxation: Deadweight Loss and Tax Revenue As Taxes Vary

Application the Cost of Taxation: Conclusion

Application the Cost of Taxation: Part A

Application the Cost of Taxation: Part B

Application International Trade

Application International Trade: The Determinants of Trade

Application International Trade: The Winners and Losers From Trade

Application International Trade: The Arguments for Restricting Trade

Application International Trade: Conclusion