Exam 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior

Define reductionism.Discuss the limitations of the reductionistic idea that if a depletion of certain chemicals in the brain accompanies depression,then the depletion must be the cause of the depression.

The search for explanations of the etiology of abnormal behavior dates to ancient times.It was not until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that three major advances occurred: the work of Sigmund Freud,the discovery of general paresis,and the

A physician at a hospital in the late 1800s has read about the disease called general paresis.Which of the following patients is most likely to receive such a diagnosis?

__________________ twins start when one sperm fertilizes one egg.They start off being genetically identical,having identical genotypes.

Genetic influences on abnormal behavior are __________ (that is,increased risks),not predestinations or inevitabilities.

What is an important characteristic of Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

Humanistic psychologists objected to the biological,psychoanalytic,and behavioral theories of abnormal behavior because these other approaches assume that

Which of the following is one of the five major personality traits that have been the focus of recent research?

What is the general finding concerning the relationship of marital status and psychopathology?

A researcher described her approach to understanding mental disorders as biopsychosocial.When you ask her to explain what she means,what is she likely to say?

Which of the following neurotransmitters was first implicated in the development of schizophrenia?

____________________ reinforcement is when the cessation of a stimulus increases the frequency of a behavior.

What is the assertion of the psychodynamic paradigm?

In the autonomic nervous system,increased arousal and energy expenditure are associated with activation of the

The cognitive-behavioral paradigm views _______as the product of learning.

In 1910,what German microbiologist developed an arsenic-containing chemical that destroyed bacteria that caused syphilis and prevented paresis?

A report of research on physiological psychology contains a description of a substance that can influence communication among neurons and can act some distance from where the substance was released.What is the topic of this report?

The case of Meghan B.in your text illustrates

You get a paper back and briefly feel angry at the low grade you received,but this feeling is upsetting because you like the professor so much.You quickly turn your attention to other matters.Later that day you pick a fight with your roommate because of the unfair manner in which the week's chores were divided.This fight could be an example of a defense mechanism called

What are the two components of the central nervous system?