Exam 20: Drugs Affecting the Gastrointestinal System

Jim presents with complaints of "heartburn" that is minimally relieved with Tums (calcium carbonate) and is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). An appropriate first-step therapy would be:

An elderly person has been prescribed lactulose for treatment of chronic constipation. Monitoring with long-term treatment would include:

Many patients self-medicate with antacids. Which patients should be counseled to not take calcium carbonate antacids without discussing it with their provider or a pharmacist first?

Josie is a 5-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with a 48-hour history of nausea, vomiting, and some diarrhea. She is unable to keep fluids down and her weight is 4 pounds less than her last recorded weight. Besides IV fluids, her exam warrants the use of an antinausea medication. Which of the following would be the appropriate drug to order for Josie?

Hannah will be traveling to Mexico with her church group over spring break to build houses. She is concerned she may develop traveler's diarrhea. Advice includes following normal food and water precautions as well as taking:

Patients who are on chronic long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy require monitoring for:

Methylnaltrexone is used to treat constipation in:

Sadie is a 72-year-old patient who takes omeprazole for her chronic GERD. Chronic long-term omeprazole use places her at increased risk for:

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol) is a common OTC remedy for gastrointestinal complaints. Bismuth subsalicylate:

Patients taking antacids should be educated regarding these drugs, including letting them know that:

Patrick is a 10-year-old patient who presents with uncomfortable constipation. Along with diet changes, a laxative is ordered to provide more rapid relief of constipation. An appropriate choice of medication for a 10-year-old child would be:

Kelly has diarrhea and is wondering if she can take loperamide (Imodium) for the diarrhea. Loperamide: