Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE, according to recent research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants have a concept that two objects cannot occupy the same space at the same time. 
B)  Infants know that, even when temporarily occluded, objects keep their size and shape. 
C)  Infants have no concept of object permanence. 
D)  Although infants may know that objects exist when out of sight, they do not always search for them. 
A)  Infants have a concept that two objects cannot occupy the same space at the same time. 
B)  Infants know that, even when temporarily occluded, objects keep their size and shape. 
C)  Infants have no concept of object permanence. 
D)  Although infants may know that objects exist when out of sight, they do not always search for them.

Question 2

At 12 months of age, James is classified as securely attached. Which of the following behaviors in the Strange Situation would be most consistent with this classification?

Accepted Answer

A)  James is moderately distressed when his mother leaves him alone and pleased when she returns. 
B)  James is unconcerned when his mother leaves and uninterested when she returns. 
C)  James is very upset when his mother leaves and seems both relieved and angry when she returns. 
D)  James is very upset when his mother leaves, and he ignores her when she returns. 
A)  James is moderately distressed when his mother leaves him alone and pleased when she returns. 
B)  James is unconcerned when his mother leaves and uninterested when she returns. 
C)  James is very upset when his mother leaves and seems both relieved and angry when she returns. 
D)  James is very upset when his mother leaves, and he ignores her when she returns.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some researchers have made an evolutionary argument for a social cognition module. 
B)  A social cognition module would be an innate structure oriented toward predicting the actions of others. 
C)  If there is a social cognition module, it must contain specific beliefs. 
D)  Some support for a social cognition module comes from the finding that certain types of brain damage seem to cause impairments in theory of mind. 
A)  Some researchers have made an evolutionary argument for a social cognition module. 
B)  A social cognition module would be an innate structure oriented toward predicting the actions of others. 
C)  If there is a social cognition module, it must contain specific beliefs. 
D)  Some support for a social cognition module comes from the finding that certain types of brain damage seem to cause impairments in theory of mind.

Question 4

For Piaget, schemas are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  organized patterns of behavior 
B)  reflexes that disappear after several weeks 
C)  isolated units of behavior that are gradually replaced by assimilations 
D)  isolated units of behavior that are gradually replaced by accommodations 
A)  organized patterns of behavior 
B)  reflexes that disappear after several weeks 
C)  isolated units of behavior that are gradually replaced by assimilations 
D)  isolated units of behavior that are gradually replaced by accommodations

Question 5

Mackenzie is just beginning to seek out interactions with certain peers and avoid others. Paulo states he and Carderio are friends because Carderio has "awesome" computer games. Reggie remarks that he and his friends look out for each other. Which alternative most accurately estimates each child's age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mackenzie - 1; Paulo - 4; Reggie - 9 
B)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 4; Reggie - 9 
C)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 6; Reggie - 9 
D)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 6; Reggie - 11 
A)  Mackenzie - 1; Paulo - 4; Reggie - 9 
B)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 4; Reggie - 9 
C)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 6; Reggie - 9 
D)  Mackenzie - 2; Paulo - 6; Reggie - 11

Question 6

Erikson's "identity crisis" refers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a rare, temporary type of amnesia brought about by the hormonal changes of puberty 
B)  attempts to determine what kind of person one really is and wants to be 
C)  attempts to determine one's gender identity 
D)  confusion brought about by heavy drinking and drug use sometimes seen among adolescents 
A)  a rare, temporary type of amnesia brought about by the hormonal changes of puberty 
B)  attempts to determine what kind of person one really is and wants to be 
C)  attempts to determine one's gender identity 
D)  confusion brought about by heavy drinking and drug use sometimes seen among adolescents

Question 7

The pattern of "imprint-to-object-of-first-exposure," common in many species, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is not found in humans 
B)  is equally common in humans 
C)  is even more noticeable in humans 
D)  is not found in species that exhibit locomotion 
A)  is not found in humans 
B)  is equally common in humans 
C)  is even more noticeable in humans 
D)  is not found in species that exhibit locomotion

Question 8

How much of the body's metabolic energy does the brain consume?

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  50% 
C)  20% 
D)  80% 
A)  1% 
B)  50% 
C)  20% 
D)  80%

Question 9

Developmental researchers often make use of an experimental procedure relying on habituation. How does one know that an infant has habituated to, say, a red rod moving back and forth?

Accepted Answer

A)  His heart-rate increases. 
B)  His pupils dilate. 
C)  He stops looking at it. 
D)  He repeatedly-that is, habitually-reaches out for it. 
A)  His heart-rate increases. 
B)  His pupils dilate. 
C)  He stops looking at it. 
D)  He repeatedly-that is, habitually-reaches out for it.

Question 10

Henry was born 6 weeks premature and thus spent his first 14 days of life in an incubator. Because of his fragile condition, he was not allowed to have contact with either of his parents, Todd and Theresa. Research suggests what about Henry's subsequent attachment to Todd and Theresa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Henry will be just as likely to show attachment as will an infant who had after-birth contact with his parents. 
B)  Henry will be most likely to form an attachment to the nurse who cared for him in the neonatal ICU. 
C)  Henry will attach to neither his nurse nor his parents. 
D)  Henry will attach to his father, yet not his mother. 
A)  Henry will be just as likely to show attachment as will an infant who had after-birth contact with his parents. 
B)  Henry will be most likely to form an attachment to the nurse who cared for him in the neonatal ICU. 
C)  Henry will attach to neither his nurse nor his parents. 
D)  Henry will attach to his father, yet not his mother.

Question 11

A child who is age 6 is most likely to say what about his friend?

Accepted Answer

A)  "He has great toys." 
B)  "We take care of each other." 
C)  "We help each other do things." 
D)  "We talk about our feelings." 
A)  "He has great toys." 
B)  "We take care of each other." 
C)  "We help each other do things." 
D)  "We talk about our feelings."

Question 12

The number of neural interconnections __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases dramatically after birth 
B)  decreases after age 2 
C)  is constant through infancy and childhood 
D)  decreases between birth and age 2 
A)  increases dramatically after birth 
B)  decreases after age 2 
C)  is constant through infancy and childhood 
D)  decreases between birth and age 2

Question 13

What is the main characteristic of authoritative parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  They exercise their power to the full extent. 
B)  They exercise power but also respond to the child's viewpoint. 
C)  They respond to the child's opinion but act on their own beliefs to set arbitrary rules. 
D)  They allow the child to do whatever he or she wants, thus allowing for creative and intellectual growth. 
A)  They exercise their power to the full extent. 
B)  They exercise power but also respond to the child's viewpoint. 
C)  They respond to the child's opinion but act on their own beliefs to set arbitrary rules. 
D)  They allow the child to do whatever he or she wants, thus allowing for creative and intellectual growth.

Question 14

Ilsa is 6 months old. Recent research on children's understanding of number suggests that Ilsa probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  has an understanding of threeness versus twoness 
B)  has a rudimentary understanding of addition 
C)  has a rudimentary understanding of subtraction 
D)  has no understanding of number 
A)  has an understanding of threeness versus twoness 
B)  has a rudimentary understanding of addition 
C)  has a rudimentary understanding of subtraction 
D)  has no understanding of number

Question 15

There are certain accomplishments that are beyond what a child can do alone, but that become possible if the child is given some assistance. Lev Vygotsky called such settings __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  zones of proximal development 
B)  zones of deferred imitation 
C)  dynamic systems 
D)  metacognitive systems 
A)  zones of proximal development 
B)  zones of deferred imitation 
C)  dynamic systems 
D)  metacognitive systems

Question 16

Which of the following statements BEST expresses the influence of culture on the potential association of authoritative parenting with positive adolescent outcomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Authoritative parenting is not related to positive adolescent outcomes in either individualistic or collectivist cultures. 
B)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in individualistic but not collectivist cultures. 
C)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in collectivist but not individualistic cultures. 
D)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in both collectivist and individualistic cultures. 
A)  Authoritative parenting is not related to positive adolescent outcomes in either individualistic or collectivist cultures. 
B)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in individualistic but not collectivist cultures. 
C)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in collectivist but not individualistic cultures. 
D)  Authoritative parenting is associated with positive adolescent outcomes in both collectivist and individualistic cultures.

Question 17

Piaget's stages of cognitive development are, in order of increasing age:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ preoperational $\rightarrow$ concrete operations $\rightarrow$ formal operations 
B)  preoperational $\rightarrow$ sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ concrete operations $\rightarrow$ formal operations 
C)  preoperational $\rightarrow$ sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ formal operations $\rightarrow$ concrete operations 
D)  sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ preoperational $\rightarrow$ formal operations $\rightarrow$ concrete operations 
A)  sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ preoperational $\rightarrow$ concrete operations $\rightarrow$ formal operations 
B)  preoperational $\rightarrow$ sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ concrete operations $\rightarrow$ formal operations 
C)  preoperational $\rightarrow$ sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ formal operations $\rightarrow$ concrete operations 
D)  sensorimotor $\rightarrow$ preoperational $\rightarrow$ formal operations $\rightarrow$ concrete operations

Question 18

Blair is 3 months old; Clea is 4 months old; Dante is 8 months old; and Enid is 15 months old. Which baby is most likely UNABLE to perform the action with which he or she is paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blair; rolls over 
B)  Clea; stands alone 
C)  Dante; stands alone 
D)  Enid; walks 
A)  Blair; rolls over 
B)  Clea; stands alone 
C)  Dante; stands alone 
D)  Enid; walks

Question 19

If a child can embrace the merely possible as well as the real, and if she can also entertain hypothetical possibilities, or what might be along with what is, then she is in Piaget's stage of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational thought 
B)  concrete operations 
C)  formal operations 
D)  Egocentrism 
A)  preoperational thought 
B)  concrete operations 
C)  formal operations 
D)  Egocentrism

Question 20

Research on infants' understanding of physical support indicates that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  as early as 3 months, infants have an adult understanding of physical support 
B)  3-month-olds apparently think that whether an object falls when dropped is completely randomly determined 
C)  understanding of support improves over the first 6 months of life 
D)  6-month-olds think that any physical contact will provide support 
A)  as early as 3 months, infants have an adult understanding of physical support 
B)  3-month-olds apparently think that whether an object falls when dropped is completely randomly determined 
C)  understanding of support improves over the first 6 months of life 
D)  6-month-olds think that any physical contact will provide support

Which of the following is FALSE, according to recent research?

At 12 months of age, James is classified as securely attached. Which of the following behaviors in the Strange Situation would be most consistent with this classification?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

For Piaget, schemas are __________.

Erikson's "identity crisis" refers to __________.

The pattern of "imprint-to-object-of-first-exposure," common in many species, __________.

How much of the body's metabolic energy does the brain consume?

Developmental researchers often make use of an experimental procedure relying on habituation. How does one know that an infant has habituated to, say, a red rod moving back and forth?

Henry was born 6 weeks premature and thus spent his first 14 days of life in an incubator. Because of his fragile condition, he was not allowed to have contact with either of his parents, Todd and Theresa. Research suggests what about Henry's subsequent attachment to Todd and Theresa?

A child who is age 6 is most likely to say what about his friend?

The number of neural interconnections __________.

What is the main characteristic of authoritative parents?

Ilsa is 6 months old. Recent research on children's understanding of number suggests that Ilsa probably __________.

There are certain accomplishments that are beyond what a child can do alone, but that become possible if the child is given some assistance. Lev Vygotsky called such settings __________.

Which of the following statements BEST expresses the influence of culture on the potential association of authoritative parenting with positive adolescent outcomes?

Piaget's stages of cognitive development are, in order of increasing age:

Blair is 3 months old; Clea is 4 months old; Dante is 8 months old; and Enid is 15 months old. Which baby is most likely UNABLE to perform the action with which he or she is paired?

If a child can embrace the merely possible as well as the real, and if she can also entertain hypothetical possibilities, or what might be along with what is, then she is in Piaget's stage of __________.

Research on infants' understanding of physical support indicates that __________.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 14: Development

Which of the following is FALSE, according to recent research?

At 12 months of age, James is classified as securely attached. Which of the following behaviors in the Strange Situation would be most consistent with this classification?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

For Piaget, schemas are __________.

Erikson's "identity crisis" refers to __________.

The pattern of "imprint-to-object-of-first-exposure," common in many species, __________.

How much of the body's metabolic energy does the brain consume?

Developmental researchers often make use of an experimental procedure relying on habituation. How does one know that an infant has habituated to, say, a red rod moving back and forth?

Henry was born 6 weeks premature and thus spent his first 14 days of life in an incubator. Because of his fragile condition, he was not allowed to have contact with either of his parents, Todd and Theresa. Research suggests what about Henry's subsequent attachment to Todd and Theresa?

A child who is age 6 is most likely to say what about his friend?

The number of neural interconnections __________.

What is the main characteristic of authoritative parents?

Ilsa is 6 months old. Recent research on children's understanding of number suggests that Ilsa probably __________.

There are certain accomplishments that are beyond what a child can do alone, but that become possible if the child is given some assistance. Lev Vygotsky called such settings __________.

Which of the following statements BEST expresses the influence of culture on the potential association of authoritative parenting with positive adolescent outcomes?

Piaget's stages of cognitive development are, in order of increasing age:

Blair is 3 months old; Clea is 4 months old; Dante is 8 months old; and Enid is 15 months old. Which baby is most likely UNABLE to perform the action with which he or she is paired?

If a child can embrace the merely possible as well as the real, and if she can also entertain hypothetical possibilities, or what might be along with what is, then she is in Piaget's stage of __________.

Research on infants' understanding of physical support indicates that __________.

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters