Question 1

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between declarative and episodic memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the same thing. 
B)  They are distinct types of memory. 
C)  Declarative memory is a type of episodic memory. 
D)  Episodic memory is a type of declarative memory. 
A)  They are the same thing. 
B)  They are distinct types of memory. 
C)  Declarative memory is a type of episodic memory. 
D)  Episodic memory is a type of declarative memory.

Question 2

A mental device for improving memory is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a mnemonic 
B)  incidental learning 
C)  latent learning 
D)  anterograde amnesia 
A)  a mnemonic 
B)  incidental learning 
C)  latent learning 
D)  anterograde amnesia

Question 3

The "primacy effect" refers to the fact that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the most important items in a list are more likely to be remembered than less important items 
B)  the first-presented items in a list are more likely to be remembered than items in the middle of the list 
C)  the items presented most recently in a list are more likely to be remembered than items presented earlier 
D)  those items in a list that have the greatest emotional impact are those with the greatest likelihood of recall 
A)  the most important items in a list are more likely to be remembered than less important items 
B)  the first-presented items in a list are more likely to be remembered than items in the middle of the list 
C)  the items presented most recently in a list are more likely to be remembered than items presented earlier 
D)  those items in a list that have the greatest emotional impact are those with the greatest likelihood of recall

Question 4

Which of the following can help eyewitnesses to retrieve their memories more accurately?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypnosis 
B)  context reinstatement 
C)  source confusion 
D)  asserting high levels of confidence 
A)  hypnosis 
B)  context reinstatement 
C)  source confusion 
D)  asserting high levels of confidence

Question 5

A recent news report tells that a patient with serious and permanent anterograde amnesia has, through special training, been able to remember some things well enough to use them at a job. From what you know about memory, you guess that the kinds of things this patient has acquired entail __________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal 
B)  procedural 
C)  explicit 
D)  episodic 
A)  verbal 
B)  procedural 
C)  explicit 
D)  episodic

Question 6

Xavier recalls that on his sixth birthday, his brother threw a teddy bear at him and it landed exactly in the middle of the birthday cake on the table. How can Xavier tell if this memory is real or not?

Accepted Answer

A)  He cannot. 
B)  Its clarity-if it's vivid, it must be real. 
C)  His confidence-if he's really sure it happened, it probably did. 
D)  His ability to describe it-false memories are more difficult to put into words. 
A)  He cannot. 
B)  Its clarity-if it's vivid, it must be real. 
C)  His confidence-if he's really sure it happened, it probably did. 
D)  His ability to describe it-false memories are more difficult to put into words.

Question 7

Janelle and Keisha are studying for an upcoming history midterm. As they review their notes, Janelle's hippocampus is quite active; Keisha's, less so. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Janelle will better recall the material during the test than will Keisha. 
B)  Janelle and Keisha will recall the material about equally well. 
C)  The material won't even seem familiar to Keisha during the test. 
D)  Keisha will experience less interference and better recall the material than will Janelle. 
A)  Janelle will better recall the material during the test than will Keisha. 
B)  Janelle and Keisha will recall the material about equally well. 
C)  The material won't even seem familiar to Keisha during the test. 
D)  Keisha will experience less interference and better recall the material than will Janelle.

Question 8

Memory acquisition is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a process of copying an event or fact into memory 
B)  an automatic process requiring little attention to the material 
C)  a process of translating raw input into an intellectual record of the input 
D)  maintaining an internal trace of an event or experience 
A)  a process of copying an event or fact into memory 
B)  an automatic process requiring little attention to the material 
C)  a process of translating raw input into an intellectual record of the input 
D)  maintaining an internal trace of an event or experience

Question 9

Rhonda was the victim of a savage sexual assault. A psychologist hypnotizes her to help the police find out more about the crime. Which of the following results is LEAST likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  She will provide a detailed account of the event. 
B)  She will provide an accurate account of the event. 
C)  She will provide an inaccurate account of the event. 
D)  She will appear to be reliving the event. 
A)  She will provide a detailed account of the event. 
B)  She will provide an accurate account of the event. 
C)  She will provide an inaccurate account of the event. 
D)  She will appear to be reliving the event.

Question 10

Mickey is about to take his psychology final, for which he has studied very hard. Just before the exam, the person sitting next to Mickey asks him the name of the physiologist who worked on classical conditioning. Mickey suddenly realizes that he cannot quite remember the name, but he knows that it starts with a P and is two syllables long. Mickey is experiencing __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  repression (motivated forgetting) 
B)  fatigue from information overload 
C)  simple decay 
D)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 
A)  repression (motivated forgetting) 
B)  fatigue from information overload 
C)  simple decay 
D)  the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

Question 11

Familiarity is to recollection as __________ is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  know; remember 
B)  remember; know 
C)  recall; recognition 
D)  explicit; implicit 
A)  know; remember 
B)  remember; know 
C)  recall; recognition 
D)  explicit; implicit

Question 12

Patients with anterograde amnesia are unable to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  remember events before their injuries 
B)  remember their names 
C)  hold anything in working memory 
D)  learn new facts after their injuries 
A)  remember events before their injuries 
B)  remember their names 
C)  hold anything in working memory 
D)  learn new facts after their injuries

Question 13

Over time, you have learned to salivate at the mere sight of a chili pepper. This type of learning reflects __________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phase I episodic 
B)  procedural 
C)  implicit 
D)  generic 
A)  Phase I episodic 
B)  procedural 
C)  implicit 
D)  generic

Question 14

In one study, research participants were asked to recall whether Abraham Lincoln's profile, shown on the heads side of a penny, faces to the right or the left. Only half of the participants got the question right, a result providing striking confirmation of the fact that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  words are remembered better than pictures 
B)  things we can't chunk are impossible to remember 
C)  names interfere with memory 
D)  memory requires engagement, not just exposure 
A)  words are remembered better than pictures 
B)  things we can't chunk are impossible to remember 
C)  names interfere with memory 
D)  memory requires engagement, not just exposure

Question 15

Which can be used to demonstrate implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  word identification 
B)  recall 
C)  recognition 
D)  memory span tasks 
A)  word identification 
B)  recall 
C)  recognition 
D)  memory span tasks

Question 16

Lesions of the hippocampus and related temporal lobe structures lead to an impairment in the ability to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer information from perception to working memory 
B)  retrieve information from working memory 
C)  retrieve information from long-term memory 
D)  learn new information 
A)  transfer information from perception to working memory 
B)  retrieve information from working memory 
C)  retrieve information from long-term memory 
D)  learn new information

Question 17

A witness to a bank robbery did not see the getaway car, but is later asked by a police officer if she happened to see the blue Chevy that the crooks escaped in. At trial the witness reports (and indeed, genuinely remembers) seeing the crooks flee in a blue Chevy. Which of the following has NOT occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  a memory intrusion reflecting misinformation 
B)  memory intrusions from semantic associates 
C)  the creation of a false memory 
D)  source confusion 
A)  a memory intrusion reflecting misinformation 
B)  memory intrusions from semantic associates 
C)  the creation of a false memory 
D)  source confusion

Question 18

A musician who suffered from encephalitis lost his hippocampus and much of the cerebral cortex that feeds into it. He still carries on everyday chitchat, but can recall virtually nothing from his past, nor can he learn what just happened in his life. Which of the following kinds of memory does it seem most likely still functions for him?

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic 
B)  semantic 
C)  procedural 
D)  declarative 
A)  episodic 
B)  semantic 
C)  procedural 
D)  declarative

Question 19

Subjects are asked to identify the parts of speech of each word in the sentence "Orangutans like chocolate yogurt." Later, subjects are shown the same sentence and asked to rate its truth. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subjects who have seen the sentence previously are more likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
B)  Only those subjects who remember having seen the sentence previously are more likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
C)  Subjects who have seen the sentence previously are less likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
D)  Only those subjects who remember having seen the sentence previously are less likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
A)  Subjects who have seen the sentence previously are more likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
B)  Only those subjects who remember having seen the sentence previously are more likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
C)  Subjects who have seen the sentence previously are less likely to rate it as true than are those who have not. 
D)  Only those subjects who remember having seen the sentence previously are less likely to rate it as true than are those who have not.

Question 20

A character who is hit on the head and can no longer remember who he is or what is going on is a cartoon staple. This most closely resembles which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia 
B)  retrograde amnesia 
C)  typical interference 
D)  simple decay 
A)  anterograde amnesia 
B)  retrograde amnesia 
C)  typical interference 
D)  simple decay

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between declarative and episodic memory?

A mental device for improving memory is called __________.

The "primacy effect" refers to the fact that __________.

Which of the following can help eyewitnesses to retrieve their memories more accurately?

Xavier recalls that on his sixth birthday, his brother threw a teddy bear at him and it landed exactly in the middle of the birthday cake on the table. How can Xavier tell if this memory is real or not?

Janelle and Keisha are studying for an upcoming history midterm. As they review their notes, Janelle's hippocampus is quite active; Keisha's, less so. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Memory acquisition is __________.

Rhonda was the victim of a savage sexual assault. A psychologist hypnotizes her to help the police find out more about the crime. Which of the following results is LEAST likely?

Familiarity is to recollection as is to .

Patients with anterograde amnesia are unable to __________.

Over time, you have learned to salivate at the mere sight of a chili pepper. This type of learning reflects __________ memory.

In one study, research participants were asked to recall whether Abraham Lincoln's profile, shown on the heads side of a penny, faces to the right or the left. Only half of the participants got the question right, a result providing striking confirmation of the fact that __________.

Which can be used to demonstrate implicit memory?

Lesions of the hippocampus and related temporal lobe structures lead to an impairment in the ability to __________.

Subjects are asked to identify the parts of speech of each word in the sentence "Orangutans like chocolate yogurt." Later, subjects are shown the same sentence and asked to rate its truth. Which of the following is true?

A character who is hit on the head and can no longer remember who he is or what is going on is a cartoon staple. This most closely resembles which condition?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 8: Memory

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between declarative and episodic memory?

A mental device for improving memory is called __________.

The "primacy effect" refers to the fact that __________.

Which of the following can help eyewitnesses to retrieve their memories more accurately?

Xavier recalls that on his sixth birthday, his brother threw a teddy bear at him and it landed exactly in the middle of the birthday cake on the table. How can Xavier tell if this memory is real or not?

Janelle and Keisha are studying for an upcoming history midterm. As they review their notes, Janelle's hippocampus is quite active; Keisha's, less so. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Memory acquisition is __________.

Rhonda was the victim of a savage sexual assault. A psychologist hypnotizes her to help the police find out more about the crime. Which of the following results is LEAST likely?

Familiarity is to recollection as __________ is to __________.

Patients with anterograde amnesia are unable to __________.

Over time, you have learned to salivate at the mere sight of a chili pepper. This type of learning reflects __________ memory.

In one study, research participants were asked to recall whether Abraham Lincoln's profile, shown on the heads side of a penny, faces to the right or the left. Only half of the participants got the question right, a result providing striking confirmation of the fact that __________.

Which can be used to demonstrate implicit memory?

Lesions of the hippocampus and related temporal lobe structures lead to an impairment in the ability to __________.

Subjects are asked to identify the parts of speech of each word in the sentence "Orangutans like chocolate yogurt." Later, subjects are shown the same sentence and asked to rate its truth. Which of the following is true?

A character who is hit on the head and can no longer remember who he is or what is going on is a cartoon staple. This most closely resembles which condition?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Thinking

Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Familiarity is to recollection as is to .