Question 1

Of the following, the data collection method of choice in interview studies is

Accepted Answer

A)  writing notes after the interview. 
B)  having the participant write their responses. 
C)  writing notes during the interview. 
D)  videotaping the interview. 
A)  writing notes after the interview. 
B)  having the participant write their responses. 
C)  writing notes during the interview. 
D)  videotaping the interview.

Question 2

Consistent with guidelines in your text for field notes, researchers should

Accepted Answer

A)  include only descriptive information in field notes. 
B)  include only reflective information in field notes. 
C)  record descriptive and reflective information together in field notes . 
D)  record descriptive and reflective information separately in field notes. 
A)  include only descriptive information in field notes. 
B)  include only reflective information in field notes. 
C)  record descriptive and reflective information together in field notes . 
D)  record descriptive and reflective information separately in field notes.

Question 3

Lupe's study describes the experiences of Division I cross country athletes. She uses observations as her primary data collection methods. Which of the following research sites is likely MOST pertinent to Lupe's study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cross country practice 
B)  Coaches' conference meeting 
C)  Parent's of athletes homes 
D)  Athlete's high school coaches offices 
A)  Cross country practice 
B)  Coaches' conference meeting 
C)  Parent's of athletes homes 
D)  Athlete's high school coaches offices

Question 4

Elaine is interpreting her data and realizes that the amount of time she spent at one of the schools is substantially smaller and that she has very little data from that site. She believes it is because she did not 'click' with the principal of one of the five schools she is studying and therefore that school is not well represented in her data.
-Elaine is potentially experiencing an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  response bias. 
B)  observer bias. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  negative case effect. 
A)  response bias. 
B)  observer bias. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  negative case effect.

Question 5

Elaine is interpreting her data and realizes that the amount of time she spent at one of the schools is substantially smaller and that she has very little data from that site. She believes it is because she did not 'click' with the principal of one of the five schools she is studying and therefore that school is not well represented in her data.
-The school is important for Elaine's study. Of the following, which is the most appropriate way to remedy Elaine's problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confront the principal and then collect more data. 
B)  Extend the collection and have another researcher collect data. 
C)  Recognize the problem and eliminate the school from the study. 
D)  Change the nature of research questions and drop the school. 
A)  Confront the principal and then collect more data. 
B)  Extend the collection and have another researcher collect data. 
C)  Recognize the problem and eliminate the school from the study. 
D)  Change the nature of research questions and drop the school.

Question 6

The ability of a qualitative research report to explain the phenomenon that was studied and described refers to which of the following types of qualitative research validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive 
B)  Theoretical 
C)  Evaluative 
D)  Generalizability 
A)  Descriptive 
B)  Theoretical 
C)  Evaluative 
D)  Generalizability

Question 7

As involvement in participant observation increases

Accepted Answer

A)  response bias increases. 
B)  subjectivity increases. 
C)  observer effect increases. 
D)  objectivity increases. 
A)  response bias increases. 
B)  subjectivity increases. 
C)  observer effect increases. 
D)  objectivity increases.

Question 8

Which of the following is consistent with the strategies your text presents for ensuring the validity of qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keep your observations to yourself so participants do not influence your conclusions. 
B)  Record your experiences only after you have left the research site so you can attend to details while in the field. 
C)  Only begin writing once all of the data are collected to assure objective data collection. 
D)  Allow participants to read and respond to your observations as part of your data collection to assure credibility. 
A)  Keep your observations to yourself so participants do not influence your conclusions. 
B)  Record your experiences only after you have left the research site so you can attend to details while in the field. 
C)  Only begin writing once all of the data are collected to assure objective data collection. 
D)  Allow participants to read and respond to your observations as part of your data collection to assure credibility.

Question 9

Field notes should be written

Accepted Answer

A)  in the field during the observation. 
B)  after a time delay to assure reflection. 
C)  as concisely as possible. 
D)  by an assistant not the researcher. 
A)  in the field during the observation. 
B)  after a time delay to assure reflection. 
C)  as concisely as possible. 
D)  by an assistant not the researcher.

Question 10

As part of his research on young elite athletes, Chris was conducting a nonparticipant observation of a national youth track meet. Audrey started to ask him questions about his session before he had a chance to finish recording his field notes. He told her that he didn't want to discuss his session until after he had recorded his notes. Relying on your text content, which of the following is accurate regarding discussion of field notes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chris is right, discussion of the field notes at this time might alter his perceptions. 
B)  Chris is right, discussion of the field notes at this time is unethical. 
C)  Chris is wrong, discussion of the field notes at this time will help him to remember important details and description. 
D)  Chris is wrong, discussion of the field notes at this time will help him to understand what he has seen more deeply. 
A)  Chris is right, discussion of the field notes at this time might alter his perceptions. 
B)  Chris is right, discussion of the field notes at this time is unethical. 
C)  Chris is wrong, discussion of the field notes at this time will help him to remember important details and description. 
D)  Chris is wrong, discussion of the field notes at this time will help him to understand what he has seen more deeply.

Question 11

Geir is a qualitative researcher interested in studying the role playing games of current children that relate to Nordic heroes. To collect data he goes to afterschool programs that allow a free play period. He observes the children as they play, documenting who they are role playing and the behaviors they engage in as well as how they socially negotiate the script of their play. Geir is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)  Participant observer 
B)  Non participant observer 
C)  Privileged observer 
D)  Covert observer 
A)  Participant observer 
B)  Non participant observer 
C)  Privileged observer 
D)  Covert observer

Question 12

Of the following, which is a suggestion to researchers regarding field notes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Engage as deeply as possible as soon as possible 
B)  Write field notes after you have had time to reflect 
C)  Document the date, site, topic, and time on your field notes. 
D)  While in the field focus your attention to your reactions and feelings. 
A)  Engage as deeply as possible as soon as possible 
B)  Write field notes after you have had time to reflect 
C)  Document the date, site, topic, and time on your field notes. 
D)  While in the field focus your attention to your reactions and feelings.

Question 13

Which of the following is important when conducting focus groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Designate one leader to assure order in responses 
B)  Include large groups to collect richer data 
C)  Allow all participants to respond to questions 
D)  Leave the process open-ended without researcher interference 
A)  Designate one leader to assure order in responses 
B)  Include large groups to collect richer data 
C)  Allow all participants to respond to questions 
D)  Leave the process open-ended without researcher interference

Question 14

Of the following, one way qualitative researchers can decrease observer effect is to

Accepted Answer

A)  rely only on nonparticipant observation. 
B)  increase the amount of time spent in the field. 
C)  increase observational training. 
D)  use observations instead of interviews. 
A)  rely only on nonparticipant observation. 
B)  increase the amount of time spent in the field. 
C)  increase observational training. 
D)  use observations instead of interviews.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding e-mail interviews is supported by your text?

Accepted Answer

A)  E-mail interviews should not be used as they do not provide rich data. 
B)  Ethical concerns with e-mail interviews can be challenging for researchers. 
C)  Participants are less likely to participate in an e-mail interview than an in-person interview. 
D)  E-mail interviews are often harder to transcribe than in-person interviews. 
A)  E-mail interviews should not be used as they do not provide rich data. 
B)  Ethical concerns with e-mail interviews can be challenging for researchers. 
C)  Participants are less likely to participate in an e-mail interview than an in-person interview. 
D)  E-mail interviews are often harder to transcribe than in-person interviews.

Question 16

Nancy is interviewing graduate students regarding their opinion of a graduate student union. She uses a predetermined protocol, takes notes, and also audiotapes the sessions. After each session Nancy types the audiotapes, verbatim, into a computer file. Nancy is best illustrating

Accepted Answer

A)  memoing. 
B)  transcribing. 
C)  interpreting. 
D)  categorizing. 
A)  memoing. 
B)  transcribing. 
C)  interpreting. 
D)  categorizing.

Question 17

Of the following, which is NOT a means to collect data from an interview?

Accepted Answer

A)  Writing notes after the interview 
B)  Having the participant write their responses 
C)  Writing notes during the interview 
D)  Videotaping the interview 
A)  Writing notes after the interview 
B)  Having the participant write their responses 
C)  Writing notes during the interview 
D)  Videotaping the interview

Question 18

One strategy that researchers can use to ease into the field is to

Accepted Answer

A)  ask all the specific questions first to establish rapport. 
B)  come to the first session unannounced to see things 'the way they really are'. 
C)  try not to answer any questions about themselves or the study so not to influence the responses. 
D)  be relatively passive and ask nonspecific questions to increase comfort level. 
A)  ask all the specific questions first to establish rapport. 
B)  come to the first session unannounced to see things 'the way they really are'. 
C)  try not to answer any questions about themselves or the study so not to influence the responses. 
D)  be relatively passive and ask nonspecific questions to increase comfort level.

Question 19

Rori is observing elite marching bands as part of her dissertation study. She is particularly interested in drum major leadership styles and behavior. She has found that the drum major at her current research site is very interested in showing off for her. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  response bias. 
B)  observer bias. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  negative case effect. 
A)  response bias. 
B)  observer bias. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  negative case effect.

Question 20

Whether the researcher was able to present the data without being judgmental is the definition of which form of qualitative research validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evaluative 
B)  Descriptive 
C)  Theoretical 
D)  Interpretive 
A)  Evaluative 
B)  Descriptive 
C)  Theoretical 
D)  Interpretive

Of the following, the data collection method of choice in interview studies is

Consistent with guidelines in your text for field notes, researchers should

Lupe's study describes the experiences of Division I cross country athletes. She uses observations as her primary data collection methods. Which of the following research sites is likely MOST pertinent to Lupe's study?

The ability of a qualitative research report to explain the phenomenon that was studied and described refers to which of the following types of qualitative research validity?

As involvement in participant observation increases

Which of the following is consistent with the strategies your text presents for ensuring the validity of qualitative research?

Field notes should be written

Of the following, which is a suggestion to researchers regarding field notes?

Which of the following is important when conducting focus groups?

Of the following, one way qualitative researchers can decrease observer effect is to

Which of the following statements regarding e-mail interviews is supported by your text?

Nancy is interviewing graduate students regarding their opinion of a graduate student union. She uses a predetermined protocol, takes notes, and also audiotapes the sessions. After each session Nancy types the audiotapes, verbatim, into a computer file. Nancy is best illustrating

Of the following, which is NOT a means to collect data from an interview?

One strategy that researchers can use to ease into the field is to

Rori is observing elite marching bands as part of her dissertation study. She is particularly interested in drum major leadership styles and behavior. She has found that the drum major at her current research site is very interested in showing off for her. This is an example of

Whether the researcher was able to present the data without being judgmental is the definition of which form of qualitative research validity?

Introduction to Educational Research

Selecting and Defining a Research Topic

Reviewing the Literature

Preparing and Evaluating a Research Plan

Selecting a Sample

Selecting Measurement Instruments

Survey Research and Resources

Correlational Research and Resources

Causal-Comparative Research

Experimental Research

Single-Subject Experimental Research

Descriptive Statistics Activities and Resources

Inferential Statistics

Narrative Research

Ethnographic Research

Case Study Research

Qualitative Research: Data Analysis and Interpretation

Mixed Methods Research: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Action Research

Preparing a Research Report

Evaluating a Research Report

Filters

Exam 14: Qualitative Data Collection

Of the following, the data collection method of choice in interview studies is

Consistent with guidelines in your text for field notes, researchers should

Lupe's study describes the experiences of Division I cross country athletes. She uses observations as her primary data collection methods. Which of the following research sites is likely MOST pertinent to Lupe's study?

The ability of a qualitative research report to explain the phenomenon that was studied and described refers to which of the following types of qualitative research validity?

As involvement in participant observation increases

Which of the following is consistent with the strategies your text presents for ensuring the validity of qualitative research?

Field notes should be written

Of the following, which is a suggestion to researchers regarding field notes?

Which of the following is important when conducting focus groups?

Of the following, one way qualitative researchers can decrease observer effect is to

Which of the following statements regarding e-mail interviews is supported by your text?

Nancy is interviewing graduate students regarding their opinion of a graduate student union. She uses a predetermined protocol, takes notes, and also audiotapes the sessions. After each session Nancy types the audiotapes, verbatim, into a computer file. Nancy is best illustrating

Of the following, which is NOT a means to collect data from an interview?

One strategy that researchers can use to ease into the field is to

Rori is observing elite marching bands as part of her dissertation study. She is particularly interested in drum major leadership styles and behavior. She has found that the drum major at her current research site is very interested in showing off for her. This is an example of

Whether the researcher was able to present the data without being judgmental is the definition of which form of qualitative research validity?

Introduction to Educational Research

Selecting and Defining a Research Topic

Reviewing the Literature

Preparing and Evaluating a Research Plan

Selecting a Sample

Selecting Measurement Instruments

Survey Research and Resources

Correlational Research and Resources

Causal-Comparative Research

Experimental Research

Single-Subject Experimental Research

Descriptive Statistics Activities and Resources

Inferential Statistics

Narrative Research

Ethnographic Research

Case Study Research

Qualitative Research: Data Analysis and Interpretation

Mixed Methods Research: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Action Research

Preparing a Research Report

Evaluating a Research Report

Filters