Exam 6: Concurrency: Deadlock and Starvation

An executable entity within a process is a __________ object.

Three general approaches exist for dealing with deadlock: prevent, avoid, and __________ .

The _________ condition can be prevented by requiring that a process request all of its required resources at one time and blocking the process until all requests can be granted simultaneously.

Three conditions of policy must be present for a deadlock to be possible: mutual exclusion, no preemption, and _________ .

The strategy of resource allocation denial is referred to as the ___________ .

The most common technique used for protecting a critical section in Linux is the __________ .

An atomic operation executes without interruption and without interference.

A __________ is a software mechanism that informs a process of the occurrence of asynchronous events.

The strategy of deadlock _________ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of deadlock is excluded.

_________ can be defined as the permanent blocking of a set of processes that either compete for system resources or communicate with each other.

Deadlock avoidance is more restrictive than deadlock prevention.

Interrupts, signals, messages, and information in I/O buffers are all examples of reusable resources.

A signal is similar to a hardware interrupt but does not employ priorities.

A useful tool in characterizing the allocation of resources to processes is the resource allocation graph.

A _________ resource is one that can be safely used by only one process at a time and is not depleted by that use.

A program invocation, including the address space and resources required to run the program is a __________ object.

All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by two or more processes.

Deadlock is permanent because none of the events is ever triggered.

The OS may preempt the second process and require it to release its resources if a process requests a resource that is currently held by another process.

Examples of __________ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores.