Exam 2: Operating System Overview

Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________ .

A(n) __________ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for the control of these functions.

An OS should be constructed in such a way as to permit the effective development, testing, and introduction of new system functions without interfering with service.

Both batch processing and time sharing use multiprogramming.

A common strategy to give each process in the queue some time in turn is referred to as a __________ technique.

The central idea behind the simple batch-processing scheme is the use of a piece of software known as the _________ .

Three major lines of computer system development created problems in timing and synchronization that contributed to the development of the concept of the process: multiprogramming batch operation, time sharing, and __________ .

__________ is a technique in which a process, executing an application, is divided into threads that can run concurrently.

Operating systems must evolve over time because:

A monolithic kernel is implemented as a single process with all elements sharing the same address space.

The technique where a system clock generates interrupts, and at each clock interrupt the OS regains control and assigns the processor to another user, is __________ .

A user program executes in a __________ , in which certain areas of memory are protected from the user's use, and in which certain instructions may not be executed.

The __________ is the internal data by which the OS is able to supervise and control the process.

In a time-sharing, multiprogramming system, multiple users simultaneously access the system through __________ .

The OS masks the details of the hardware from the programmer and provides the programmer with a convenient interface for using the system.

The OS frequently relinquishes control and must depend on the processor to allow it to regain control.

Any resource allocation and scheduling policy must consider three factors: Fairness, Differential responsiveness, and __________ .

Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than multiprogramming.

An __________ is a program that controls the execution of application programs and acts as an interface between applications and the computer hardware.

One of the driving forces in operating system evolution is advancement in the underlying hardware technology.