Question 1

Residuals are the differences between the observed correlations,as given in the input correlation matrix,and the reproduced correlations,as estimated from the factor matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

________ is a class of procedures primarily used for data reduction and summarization.

Accepted Answer

A)  Conjoint analysis 
B)  Factor analysis 
C)  Regression analysis 
D)  Discriminant analysis 
A)  Conjoint analysis 
B)  Factor analysis 
C)  Regression analysis 
D)  Discriminant analysis

Question 3

Discuss the process of selecting surrogate variables.Also discuss how the researcher should decide on which variable to choose in complex situations.

Accepted Answer

Selection of substitute,or surrogate var

Question 4

A factor is an underlying dimension that explains the correlations among a set of variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

________ is an index that compares the magnitudes of the observed correlation coefficients to the magnitudes of the partial correlation coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A)  KMO measure of sampling adequacy 
B)  Wilks' lambda 
C)  Mahalanobis ratio 
D)  Bartlett's test of sphericity 
A)  KMO measure of sampling adequacy 
B)  Wilks' lambda 
C)  Mahalanobis ratio 
D)  Bartlett's test of sphericity

Question 7

Percentage of variance accounted for,scree plot,and a priori determination are all procedures for determining the number of factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which is not a method of factor analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  principal components analysis 
B)  omega method 
C)  unweighted least squares 
D)  common factor analysis 
A)  principal components analysis 
B)  omega method 
C)  unweighted least squares 
D)  common factor analysis

Question 9

The first step in conducting factor analysis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  construct the correlation matrix 
B)  determine the method of factor analysis 
C)  determine the number of factors 
D)  formulate the problem 
A)  construct the correlation matrix 
B)  determine the method of factor analysis 
C)  determine the number of factors 
D)  formulate the problem

Question 10

________ is an approach to factor analysis that estimates the factors based only on the common variance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Principal components analysis 
B)  Unweighted least squares 
C)  Omega method 
D)  Common factor analysis 
A)  Principal components analysis 
B)  Unweighted least squares 
C)  Omega method 
D)  Common factor analysis

Question 11

The ________ represents the total variance explained by each factor.

Accepted Answer

A)  communality 
B)  residual 
C)  percentage of variance 
D)  eigenvalue 
A)  communality 
B)  residual 
C)  percentage of variance 
D)  eigenvalue

Question 12

________ are simple correlations between the variables and the factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Factor loadings 
B)  Correlation loadings 
C)  Factor scores 
D)  Both A and B are correct 
A)  Factor loadings 
B)  Correlation loadings 
C)  Factor scores 
D)  Both A and B are correct

Question 13

Principal components analysis is appropriate when the primary concern is to identify the underlying dimensions and the common variance is of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The differences between the observed correlations (as given in the input correlation matrix)and the reproduced correlations (as estimated from the factor matrix)can be examined to determine model fit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Factor analysis may not be appropriate in all of the following situations except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the variables are not correlated 
B)  small values of the KMO statistic are found 
C)  a small value for Bartlett's test of sphericity is found 
D)  the variables are correlated 
A)  the variables are not correlated 
B)  small values of the KMO statistic are found 
C)  a small value for Bartlett's test of sphericity is found 
D)  the variables are correlated

Question 16

A principal components analysis was run and the following eigenvalue results were obtained: 2.731,2.218,.442,.341,.183,and .085.How many factors would you retain using the eigenvalues to determine the number of factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 17

If interpreting factors using the rotated factor matrix,a negative coefficient for a negative variable (prevention of tooth decay is not important)would lead to a positive interpretation (prevention of tooth decay is important).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

________ is the last step in factor analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotate the factors 
B)  Determine the model fit 
C)  Interpret the factors 
D)  Determine the number of factors 
A)  Rotate the factors 
B)  Determine the model fit 
C)  Interpret the factors 
D)  Determine the number of factors

Question 19

F represents ________ in the factor model Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2+ Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi?

Accepted Answer

A)  a unique factor variable 
B)  the number of common factors 
C)  the common factor 
D)  the number of variables 
A)  a unique factor variable 
B)  the number of common factors 
C)  the common factor 
D)  the number of variables

Question 20

Which of the following statements is not true about factor rotation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different methods of rotation may result in the identification of different factors. 
B)  Through rotation,the factor matrix is transformed into a simpler one that is easier to interpret. 
C)  Preferably,each factor should have a nonzero,or significant,loadings or coefficients for only some of the variables. 
D)  Rotation affects the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained. 
A)  Different methods of rotation may result in the identification of different factors. 
B)  Through rotation,the factor matrix is transformed into a simpler one that is easier to interpret. 
C)  Preferably,each factor should have a nonzero,or significant,loadings or coefficients for only some of the variables. 
D)  Rotation affects the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained.

Exam 19: Factor Analysis

Residuals are the differences between the observed correlations,as given in the input correlation matrix,and the reproduced correlations,as estimated from the factor matrix.

________ is a class of procedures primarily used for data reduction and summarization.

Discuss the process of selecting surrogate variables.Also discuss how the researcher should decide on which variable to choose in complex situations.

A factor is an underlying dimension that explains the correlations among a set of variables.

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

________ is an index that compares the magnitudes of the observed correlation coefficients to the magnitudes of the partial correlation coefficient.

Percentage of variance accounted for,scree plot,and a priori determination are all procedures for determining the number of factors.

Which is not a method of factor analysis?

The first step in conducting factor analysis is ________.

________ is an approach to factor analysis that estimates the factors based only on the common variance.

The ________ represents the total variance explained by each factor.

________ are simple correlations between the variables and the factors.

Principal components analysis is appropriate when the primary concern is to identify the underlying dimensions and the common variance is of interest.

The differences between the observed correlations (as given in the input correlation matrix)and the reproduced correlations (as estimated from the factor matrix)can be examined to determine model fit.

Factor analysis may not be appropriate in all of the following situations except ________.

A principal components analysis was run and the following eigenvalue results were obtained: 2.731,2.218,.442,.341,.183,and .085.How many factors would you retain using the eigenvalues to determine the number of factors?

If interpreting factors using the rotated factor matrix,a negative coefficient for a negative variable (prevention of tooth decay is not important)would lead to a positive interpretation (prevention of tooth decay is important).

________ is the last step in factor analysis.

F represents ________ in the factor model Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2+ Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi?

Which of the following statements is not true about factor rotation?

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Casual Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Non Comparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution, cross-Tabulation, and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

International Marketing Research

Filters

F represents ________ in the factor model X_i = Ai1 F₁+ Ai2 F₂+ Ai₃ F₃ + ...+ Aim Fm + V_iU_i?