Question 1

Which part of the brain is involved in higher-order information processing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Association cortex 
B)  Thalamus 
C)  Limbic system 
D)  Central sulcus 
E)  Hippocampus 
A)  Association cortex 
B)  Thalamus 
C)  Limbic system 
D)  Central sulcus 
E)  Hippocampus A

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct brain structure from the list below with each description that follows. Each term may be used more than once. 
-The part of the brain that most likely has been damaged in a person who cannot detect motion even though the eyes are functioning normally

Accepted Answer

A)  Temporal lobe 
B)  Occipital lobe 
C)  Parietal lobe 
D)  Frontal lobe 
E)  Cerebellum 
A)  Temporal lobe 
B)  Occipital lobe 
C)  Parietal lobe 
D)  Frontal lobe 
E)  Cerebellum B

Question 3

To locate a complex cell in a cat's visual system one would look in

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  the occipital cortex. 
D)  the reticular system. 
E)  the amygdala. 
A)  Broca's area. 
B)  the spinal cord. 
C)  the occipital cortex. 
D)  the reticular system. 
E)  the amygdala. C

Question 4

Long-term potentiation is

Accepted Answer

A)  increased sensitivity to an electrical stimulus. 
B)  decreased sensitivity to an electrical stimulus. 
C)  habituation to a stimulus. 
D)  the application of high-frequency electrical stimulation. 
E)  a decreased entry of calcium ions into the post-synaptic cell. 
A)  increased sensitivity to an electrical stimulus. 
B)  decreased sensitivity to an electrical stimulus. 
C)  habituation to a stimulus. 
D)  the application of high-frequency electrical stimulation. 
E)  a decreased entry of calcium ions into the post-synaptic cell.

Question 5

Efferent nerves leave the spinal cord through the

Accepted Answer

A)  ventral roots. 
B)  dorsal roots. 
C)  gray matter. 
D)  interneurons. 
E)  ventral and dorsal horns. 
A)  ventral roots. 
B)  dorsal roots. 
C)  gray matter. 
D)  interneurons. 
E)  ventral and dorsal horns.

Question 6

The knee-jerk reflex

Accepted Answer

A)  involves a sensory neuron that synapses with a motor neuron in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. 
B)  can be checked readily by a physician. 
C)  is a monosynaptic reflex. 
D)  involves the leg extensor muscle. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  involves a sensory neuron that synapses with a motor neuron in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. 
B)  can be checked readily by a physician. 
C)  is a monosynaptic reflex. 
D)  involves the leg extensor muscle. 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct structure from the list below with each description that follows. Each term may be used more than once.
-Controls physiological functions such as breathing and circulation

Accepted Answer

A)  Medulla 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Diencephalon 
D)  Telencephalon 
E)  Thalamus 
A)  Medulla 
B)  Cerebellum 
C)  Diencephalon 
D)  Telencephalon 
E)  Thalamus

Question 8

Which of the following is not a function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generation of repetitive motor patterns 
B)  Reflexes 
C)  Conduction of motor impulses from the brain 
D)  Refinement of motor and behavioral processes 
E)  Conversion of afferent to efferent information 
A)  Generation of repetitive motor patterns 
B)  Reflexes 
C)  Conduction of motor impulses from the brain 
D)  Refinement of motor and behavioral processes 
E)  Conversion of afferent to efferent information

Question 9

In autonomic efferent pathways, preganglionic neurons use _______ as the neurotransmitter, whereas postganglionic neurons use _______ as the neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine; acetylcholine 
B)  acetylcholine; norepinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine or acetylcholine; norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine; norepinephrine or acetylcholine 
E)  norepinephrine or acetylcholine; norepinephrine or acetylcholine 
A)  norepinephrine; acetylcholine 
B)  acetylcholine; norepinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine or acetylcholine; norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine; norepinephrine or acetylcholine 
E)  norepinephrine or acetylcholine; norepinephrine or acetylcholine

Question 10

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the _______ lobe and controls _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal; the detection of touch or pressure 
B)  parietal; movement 
C)  temporal; the detection of touch or pressure 
D)  temporal; movement 
E)  frontal; the detection of touch or pressure 
A)  parietal; the detection of touch or pressure 
B)  parietal; movement 
C)  temporal; the detection of touch or pressure 
D)  temporal; movement 
E)  frontal; the detection of touch or pressure

Question 11

Describe the neurological basis of the phenomenon of sleepwalking. What type of sleep is a person who is sleepwalking in?

Accepted Answer

Sleepwalking takes place during non-REM

Question 12

A friend wakes you from sleep, and you have the sensation of having just experienced a vivid dream. Which of the following statements about the state of sleep from which you were awakened would be false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Your hands and feet were twitching slightly. 
B)  Your eyes were twitching. 
C)  Most of your voluntary body muscles were inactive. 
D)  Your cerebral cortex was not as active as it is when you are awake. 
E)  You were in the state of sleep that accounts for about 20 percent of your sleep. 
A)  Your hands and feet were twitching slightly. 
B)  Your eyes were twitching. 
C)  Most of your voluntary body muscles were inactive. 
D)  Your cerebral cortex was not as active as it is when you are awake. 
E)  You were in the state of sleep that accounts for about 20 percent of your sleep.

Question 13

The peripheral nervous system connects to the central nervous system via the

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal nerves. 
B)  cranial nerves. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  None of the above 
A)  spinal nerves. 
B)  cranial nerves. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

Many people wake in the middle of the night and are able to find their way to the kitchen for a drink of water, all without turning on the lights. Their memory of spatial relationships between pieces of furniture and doors is rooted in the

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  pituitary. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  pons. 
A)  amygdala. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  pituitary. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  pons.

Question 15

Imagine that you have been eyeing candy in a dish and finally decide to unwrap a piece and eat it. As you begin to suck on the candy, your salivary glands begin to secrete saliva. What parts (divisions or branches) of the nervous system are involved in this sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

The peripheral system contributed to bot

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the developing CNS is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The CNS develops from a solid neural cylinder. 
B)  The midbrain becomes part of the brain stem. 
C)  The forebrain develops into both the diencephalon and the telencephalon. 
D)  The hindbrain develops into the medulla, pons, and cerebellum. 
E)  In humans, the telencephalon develops into the largest part of the brain. 
A)  The CNS develops from a solid neural cylinder. 
B)  The midbrain becomes part of the brain stem. 
C)  The forebrain develops into both the diencephalon and the telencephalon. 
D)  The hindbrain develops into the medulla, pons, and cerebellum. 
E)  In humans, the telencephalon develops into the largest part of the brain.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about nerves is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  A nerve is a bundle of axons. 
B)  Some axons in a nerve may be carrying information to the central nervous system, while other axons in the same nerve are carrying information from the central nervous system to organs. 
C)  "Nerve" is another name for the axon of a single neuron. 
D)  In addition to the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, a third division of the nervous system exists in the gut. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  A nerve is a bundle of axons. 
B)  Some axons in a nerve may be carrying information to the central nervous system, while other axons in the same nerve are carrying information from the central nervous system to organs. 
C)  "Nerve" is another name for the axon of a single neuron. 
D)  In addition to the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, a third division of the nervous system exists in the gut. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 18

Short-term memory lasts about

Accepted Answer

A)  a few seconds. 
B)  10-15 minutes. 
C)  20-30 minutes. 
D)  1 hour. 
E)  a few days. 
A)  a few seconds. 
B)  10-15 minutes. 
C)  20-30 minutes. 
D)  1 hour. 
E)  a few days.

Question 19

What are the differences between the brain functions involved in reading a written sentence out loud and those involved in repeating a sentence one has just heard?

Accepted Answer

Both speaking written language and repea

Question 20

In the withdrawal reflex,

Accepted Answer

A)  action potentials in a pain sensory neuron enter the spinal cord through the ventral root on the same side of the body. 
B)  the axon from a pain sensory neuron makes inhibitory synapses with motor neurons on the same side of the spinal cord and inhibitory synapses with motor neurons on the other side of the spinal cord. 
C)  coordinated escape reactions can be initiated before the brain registers the painful sensation. 
D)  axons from the pain sensory neuron make synapses with sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord. 
E)  axons from motor neurons on the same side of the spinal cord that receives the input from the pain receptors cross the spinal cord to stimulate muscles on the other side of the body. 
A)  action potentials in a pain sensory neuron enter the spinal cord through the ventral root on the same side of the body. 
B)  the axon from a pain sensory neuron makes inhibitory synapses with motor neurons on the same side of the spinal cord and inhibitory synapses with motor neurons on the other side of the spinal cord. 
C)  coordinated escape reactions can be initiated before the brain registers the painful sensation. 
D)  axons from the pain sensory neuron make synapses with sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord. 
E)  axons from motor neurons on the same side of the spinal cord that receives the input from the pain receptors cross the spinal cord to stimulate muscles on the other side of the body.

Exam 47: The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Which part of the brain is involved in higher-order information processing?

To locate a complex cell in a cat's visual system one would look in

Long-term potentiation is

Efferent nerves leave the spinal cord through the

The knee-jerk reflex

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct structure from the list below with each description that follows. Each term may be used more than once. -Controls physiological functions such as breathing and circulation

Which of the following is not a function of the spinal cord?

In autonomic efferent pathways, preganglionic neurons use _______ as the neurotransmitter, whereas postganglionic neurons use _______ as the neurotransmitter.

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the _______ lobe and controls _______.

Describe the neurological basis of the phenomenon of sleepwalking. What type of sleep is a person who is sleepwalking in?

A friend wakes you from sleep, and you have the sensation of having just experienced a vivid dream. Which of the following statements about the state of sleep from which you were awakened would be false?

The peripheral nervous system connects to the central nervous system via the

Many people wake in the middle of the night and are able to find their way to the kitchen for a drink of water, all without turning on the lights. Their memory of spatial relationships between pieces of furniture and doors is rooted in the

Imagine that you have been eyeing candy in a dish and finally decide to unwrap a piece and eat it. As you begin to suck on the candy, your salivary glands begin to secrete saliva. What parts (divisions or branches) of the nervous system are involved in this sequence of events?

Which of the following statements about the developing CNS is false?

Which of the following statements about nerves is false?

Short-term memory lasts about

What are the differences between the brain functions involved in reading a written sentence out loud and those involved in repeating a sentence one has just heard?

In the withdrawal reflex,

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Filters

In autonomic efferent pathways, preganglionic neurons use _ as the neurotransmitter, whereas postganglionic neurons use _ as the neurotransmitter.

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the _ lobe and controls _.