Question 1

The structures that line up the chromatids on the equatorial plate during metaphase are called

Accepted Answer

A)  asters. 
B)  polar and kinetochore microtubules. 
C)  centrosomes. 
D)  centrioles. 
E)  histones. 
A)  asters. 
B)  polar and kinetochore microtubules. 
C)  centrosomes. 
D)  centrioles. 
E)  histones. B

Question 2

Mature nerve cells, which are incapable of cell division, are most likely in

Accepted Answer

A)  G1. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  meiosis. 
A)  G1. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  meiosis. A

Question 3

DNA damage by UV radiation causes the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)  p53. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  Cdk. 
D)  cyclin. 
E)  p21. 
A)  p53. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  Cdk. 
D)  cyclin. 
E)  p21. E

Question 4

How is cell division different in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

In most prokaryotic cells there is only

Question 5

Down syndrome can be caused by an extra chromosome _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Down syndrome can be caused by an...

Question 6

In plant cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  aster. 
B)  membrane furrow. 
C)  equatorial plate. 
D)  cell plate. 
E)  spindle. 
A)  aster. 
B)  membrane furrow. 
C)  equatorial plate. 
D)  cell plate. 
E)  spindle.

Question 7

DNA replication occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  before both mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  only before mitosis. 
C)  only before meiosis. 
D)  during chromosome condensation. 
E)  during G2. 
A)  before both mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  only before mitosis. 
C)  only before meiosis. 
D)  during chromosome condensation. 
E)  during G2.

Question 8

When cyclin binds Cdk,

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell transitions from G2 to S. 
B)  kinase activation occurs. 
C)  chromosomes condense. 
D)  the cell quickly enters M phase. 
E)  the cell begins apoptosis. 
A)  the cell transitions from G2 to S. 
B)  kinase activation occurs. 
C)  chromosomes condense. 
D)  the cell quickly enters M phase. 
E)  the cell begins apoptosis.

Question 9

The microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to a specialized structure in the centromere region of each chromosome called the

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetochore. 
B)  nucleosome. 
C)  equatorial plate. 
D)  aster. 
E)  centrosome. 
A)  kinetochore. 
B)  nucleosome. 
C)  equatorial plate. 
D)  aster. 
E)  centrosome.

Question 10

The total DNA content of each daughter cell is reduced during meiosis because

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes do not replicate during the interphase preceding meiosis I. 
B)  chromosomes do not replicate between meiosis I and II. 
C)  half of the chromosomes from each gamete are lost during fertilization. 
D)  sister chromatids separate during anaphase of meiosis I. 
E)  chromosome arms are lost during crossing over. 
A)  chromosomes do not replicate during the interphase preceding meiosis I. 
B)  chromosomes do not replicate between meiosis I and II. 
C)  half of the chromosomes from each gamete are lost during fertilization. 
D)  sister chromatids separate during anaphase of meiosis I. 
E)  chromosome arms are lost during crossing over.

Question 11

The exchange of genetic material between chromatids on homologous chromosomes occurs during

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  mitosis and meiosis. 
C)  prophase I. 
D)  anaphase I. 
E)  anaphase II. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  mitosis and meiosis. 
C)  prophase I. 
D)  anaphase I. 
E)  anaphase II.

Question 12

A chromatid is

Accepted Answer

A)  a chromosome before it has undergone DNA replication. 
B)  one of the pairs of homologous chromosomes. 
C)  a homologous chromosome. 
D)  a newly replicated bacterial chromosome. 
E)  one-half of a newly replicated eukaryotic chromosome. 
A)  a chromosome before it has undergone DNA replication. 
B)  one of the pairs of homologous chromosomes. 
C)  a homologous chromosome. 
D)  a newly replicated bacterial chromosome. 
E)  one-half of a newly replicated eukaryotic chromosome.

Question 13

An indicator of programmed cell death is

Accepted Answer

A)  fragmented chromatin. 
B)  swelling of the membrane. 
C)  cell lysis. 
D)  loss of transcription control. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  fragmented chromatin. 
B)  swelling of the membrane. 
C)  cell lysis. 
D)  loss of transcription control. 
E)  All of the above

Question 14

Homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over during

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase I of mitosis. 
B)  prophase II of meiosis. 
C)  prophase I and II of meiosis. 
D)  prophase I of meiosis. 
E)  anaphase II of meiosis. 
A)  prophase I of mitosis. 
B)  prophase II of meiosis. 
C)  prophase I and II of meiosis. 
D)  prophase I of meiosis. 
E)  anaphase II of meiosis.

Question 15

The uncondensed length of human DNA found in chromosomes is _______, whereas a typical cell is 10 µm in length.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 µm 
B)  2 µm 
C)  2 meters 
D)  20 meters 
E)  2.54 inches 
A)  5 µm 
B)  2 µm 
C)  2 meters 
D)  20 meters 
E)  2.54 inches

Question 16

The G2 phase always follows _______ phase.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The G2 phase always follows _______ phase....

Question 17

The _______ is the number, form, and type of chromosomes found in a cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is the number, form, and...

Question 18

Which of the following does not occur during mitotic prometaphase?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disappearance of the nuclear envelope 
B)  Initial movement of chromosomes toward the equatorial plate 
C)  Adhesion of chromatids at the centromere 
D)  Synapsis of homologous chromosomes 
E)  Disappearance of the nuclei 
A)  Disappearance of the nuclear envelope 
B)  Initial movement of chromosomes toward the equatorial plate 
C)  Adhesion of chromatids at the centromere 
D)  Synapsis of homologous chromosomes 
E)  Disappearance of the nuclei

Question 19

Imagine that there is a mutation in the Cdk gene such that its gene product is nonfunctional. What kind of effect would this mutation have on a mature red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cyclin that bound to this Cdk would not be phosphorylated. 
B)  There would be no effect, because mature red blood cells do not enter the cell cycle. 
C)  The cell would be unable to replicate its DNA. 
D)  The cell would not be able to enter G1. 
E)  The cell would be unable to reproduce itself. 
A)  The cyclin that bound to this Cdk would not be phosphorylated. 
B)  There would be no effect, because mature red blood cells do not enter the cell cycle. 
C)  The cell would be unable to replicate its DNA. 
D)  The cell would not be able to enter G1. 
E)  The cell would be unable to reproduce itself.

Question 20

During prokaryotic cell division, two chromosomes separate from each other and distribute into the daughter cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment to microtubules. 
B)  a mitotic spindle. 
C)  repellent forces. 
D)  attachment to separating membrane regions. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  attachment to microtubules. 
B)  a mitotic spindle. 
C)  repellent forces. 
D)  attachment to separating membrane regions. 
E)  All of the above

Exam 11: The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

The structures that line up the chromatids on the equatorial plate during metaphase are called

Mature nerve cells, which are incapable of cell division, are most likely in

DNA damage by UV radiation causes the synthesis of

How is cell division different in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Down syndrome can be caused by an extra chromosome _______.

In plant cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of a(n)

DNA replication occurs

When cyclin binds Cdk,

The microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to a specialized structure in the centromere region of each chromosome called the

The total DNA content of each daughter cell is reduced during meiosis because

The exchange of genetic material between chromatids on homologous chromosomes occurs during

A chromatid is

An indicator of programmed cell death is

Homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over during

The uncondensed length of human DNA found in chromosomes is _______, whereas a typical cell is 10 µm in length.

The G2 phase always follows _______ phase.

The _______ is the number, form, and type of chromosomes found in a cell.

Which of the following does not occur during mitotic prometaphase?

Imagine that there is a mutation in the Cdk gene such that its gene product is nonfunctional. What kind of effect would this mutation have on a mature red blood cell?

During prokaryotic cell division, two chromosomes separate from each other and distribute into the daughter cells by

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