Question 1

Inducer molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  are generally produced by the same cells they affect. 
B)  bind to receptors on the plasma membrane of target cells. 
C)  act through signal transduction pathways. 
D)  may be proteins. 
E)  b, c and d 
A)  are generally produced by the same cells they affect. 
B)  bind to receptors on the plasma membrane of target cells. 
C)  act through signal transduction pathways. 
D)  may be proteins. 
E)  b, c and d E

Question 2

The first known successful cloning of a mammal was accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A)  Dolly Madison. 
B)  Robert Briggs and Thomas King. 
C)  Eric Davidson. 
D)  Ed Lewis. 
E)  Ian Wilmut. 
A)  Dolly Madison. 
B)  Robert Briggs and Thomas King. 
C)  Eric Davidson. 
D)  Ed Lewis. 
E)  Ian Wilmut. E

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the gene MyoD is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It acts as a transcription factor. 
B)  It is involved in the differentiation of plant cells. 
C)  It is activated in stem cells present in adult muscle tissue. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  It acts as a transcription factor. 
B)  It is involved in the differentiation of plant cells. 
C)  It is activated in stem cells present in adult muscle tissue. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c E

Question 4

Which of following statements about the cytoskeleton and its role in development is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its microtubules, which move material throughout the cell, have built-in polarity. 
B)  It contributes to the asymmetric distribution of cytoplasmic determinants in the egg. 
C)  Specific proteins can bind to elements on the cytoskeleton. 
D)  It acts as an inducer. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  Its microtubules, which move material throughout the cell, have built-in polarity. 
B)  It contributes to the asymmetric distribution of cytoplasmic determinants in the egg. 
C)  Specific proteins can bind to elements on the cytoskeleton. 
D)  It acts as an inducer. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 5

Mutations in the knirps gene of Drosophila often result in an embryo that is missing several abdominal segments. Based on this information, knirps is most likely a(n) _______ type of developmental gene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mutations in the knirps gene of Drosophila...

Question 6

If a cell that has been isolated from the root of a carrot is given the appropriate nutrients and cues, it will give rise to a mass of undifferentiated cells. This new structure is called

Accepted Answer

A)  a clone. 
B)  a ewe. 
C)  a callus. 
D)  the lens placode. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  a clone. 
B)  a ewe. 
C)  a callus. 
D)  the lens placode. 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Morphogens

Accepted Answer

A)  diffuse within the embryo to set up a concentration gradient. 
B)  are expressed as positional signals in developing embryos. 
C)  direct differentiated cells to form organs. 
D)  act directly on target cells. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  diffuse within the embryo to set up a concentration gradient. 
B)  are expressed as positional signals in developing embryos. 
C)  direct differentiated cells to form organs. 
D)  act directly on target cells. 
E)  All of the above

Question 8

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are genetic transformants. 
B)  may be produced from skin cells in vitro. 
C)  can be induced to form many different tissues. 
D)  offer some advantages over embryonic stem cells for therapeutic use. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  are genetic transformants. 
B)  may be produced from skin cells in vitro. 
C)  can be induced to form many different tissues. 
D)  offer some advantages over embryonic stem cells for therapeutic use. 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

A totipotent cell is a cell

Accepted Answer

A)  whose developmental fate has been decided. 
B)  that has differentiated into a specialized tissue. 
C)  that is fated to form a particular structure. 
D)  whose developmental potential is extremely broad. 
E)  whose developmental potential is narrower than that of a pluripotent cell. 
A)  whose developmental fate has been decided. 
B)  that has differentiated into a specialized tissue. 
C)  that is fated to form a particular structure. 
D)  whose developmental potential is extremely broad. 
E)  whose developmental potential is narrower than that of a pluripotent cell.

Question 10

Stem cells are

Accepted Answer

A)  present in all parts of a mature plant. 
B)  likely to be present in animal tissues that do not regenerate. 
C)  totipotent in animals. 
D)  multipotent in animals. 
E)  found in just a few animal tissues. 
A)  present in all parts of a mature plant. 
B)  likely to be present in animal tissues that do not regenerate. 
C)  totipotent in animals. 
D)  multipotent in animals. 
E)  found in just a few animal tissues.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fate of a cell can be determined by morphogenesis. 
B)  Differential gene expression plays an important role in determining cell fate. 
C)  Throughout development, especially in animals, the range of possible cell fates becomes progressively more restricted. 
D)  The developmental potential of early embryonic cells is greater than their actual fates. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  The fate of a cell can be determined by morphogenesis. 
B)  Differential gene expression plays an important role in determining cell fate. 
C)  Throughout development, especially in animals, the range of possible cell fates becomes progressively more restricted. 
D)  The developmental potential of early embryonic cells is greater than their actual fates. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 12

The process of _______ leads to cells with specific structures and functions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of _______ leads to cells...

Question 13

The gene chips used in the techniques developed by Yamanaka and colleagues for induced pluripotent stem cells

Accepted Answer

A)  reveal DNA sequence variants that differ between embryonic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
B)  reveal DNA sequence variants that differ between hematopoietic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
C)  reveal gene expression differences between embryonic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
D)  reveal gene expression differences between hematopoietic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
E)  induce gene expression in stem cells. 
A)  reveal DNA sequence variants that differ between embryonic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
B)  reveal DNA sequence variants that differ between hematopoietic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
C)  reveal gene expression differences between embryonic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
D)  reveal gene expression differences between hematopoietic stem cells and nonstem cells. 
E)  induce gene expression in stem cells.

Question 14

Which of the following represents the correct gene action sequence in the body segmentation of Drosophila?

Accepted Answer

A)  Segment polarity, pair rule, gap 
B)  Gap, segment polarity, pair true 
C)  Gap, pair rule, segment polarity 
D)  Bithorax, pair rule, segment polarity 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Segment polarity, pair rule, gap 
B)  Gap, segment polarity, pair true 
C)  Gap, pair rule, segment polarity 
D)  Bithorax, pair rule, segment polarity 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

The anterior and posterior ends of a Drosophila embryo are determined by _______ that are active _______ fertilization and result in a gradient of the protein _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation genes; before and after; Bicoid 
B)  maternal effect genes; before; Hunchback 
C)  organ identity genes; before and after; Nanos 
D)  organ identity genes; after; Hunchback 
E)  maternal effect genes; before and after; Hunchback 
A)  segmentation genes; before and after; Bicoid 
B)  maternal effect genes; before; Hunchback 
C)  organ identity genes; before and after; Nanos 
D)  organ identity genes; after; Hunchback 
E)  maternal effect genes; before and after; Hunchback

Question 16

Describe three ways in which plant and animal development differ.

Accepted Answer

The MADS box gene family plays a role in

Question 17

What is the correct order of expression of the genes listed below in the determination of segmentation in Drosophila?
 (1) Segment polarity genes
(2) Hox genes
(3) Gap genes
(4) Pair rule genes

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 3, 1, 2 
B)  3, 4, 1, 2 
C)  1, 2, 3, 4 
D)  2, 3, 1, 4 
E)  3, 1, 4, 2 
A)  4, 3, 1, 2 
B)  3, 4, 1, 2 
C)  1, 2, 3, 4 
D)  2, 3, 1, 4 
E)  3, 1, 4, 2

Question 18

Compared with induced pluripotent stem cells, hema­topoietic stem cells can produce _______ kinds of cell types.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared with induced pluripotent stem cells, hema­topoietic...

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the processes of development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Morphogenesis requires prior differentiation. 
B)  Determination requires prior differentiation. 
C)  Differentiation requires prior determination. 
D)  Both a and c 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Morphogenesis requires prior differentiation. 
B)  Determination requires prior differentiation. 
C)  Differentiation requires prior determination. 
D)  Both a and c 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Mutations in the disheveled gene in Drosophila can lead to various defects in the hairs of the thorax of adult flies, along with misshapen wings. These morpho­logical abnormalities arise because of improper determination of the boundaries of individual seg­ments during the fly's early development. Based on this information, disheveled is most likely a _______ gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  maternal effect 
B)  gap 
C)  pair rule 
D)  segment polarity 
E)  Hox 
A)  maternal effect 
B)  gap 
C)  pair rule 
D)  segment polarity 
E)  Hox

Exam 19: Differential Gene Expression in Development

Inducer molecules

The first known successful cloning of a mammal was accomplished by

Which of the following statements about the gene MyoD is true?

Which of following statements about the cytoskeleton and its role in development is false?

Mutations in the knirps gene of Drosophila often result in an embryo that is missing several abdominal segments. Based on this information, knirps is most likely a(n) _______ type of developmental gene.

If a cell that has been isolated from the root of a carrot is given the appropriate nutrients and cues, it will give rise to a mass of undifferentiated cells. This new structure is called

Morphogens

Induced pluripotent stem cells

A totipotent cell is a cell

Stem cells are

Which of the following statements is false?

The process of _______ leads to cells with specific structures and functions.

The gene chips used in the techniques developed by Yamanaka and colleagues for induced pluripotent stem cells

Which of the following represents the correct gene action sequence in the body segmentation of Drosophila?

The anterior and posterior ends of a Drosophila embryo are determined by _______ that are active _______ fertilization and result in a gradient of the protein _______.

Describe three ways in which plant and animal development differ.

What is the correct order of expression of the genes listed below in the determination of segmentation in Drosophila? (1) Segment polarity genes (2) Hox genes (3) Gap genes (4) Pair rule genes

Compared with induced pluripotent stem cells, hema­topoietic stem cells can produce _______ kinds of cell types.

Which of the following statements about the processes of development is true?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

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The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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The anterior and posterior ends of a Drosophila embryo are determined by ___ that are active _ fertilization and result in a gradient of the protein _____.

Compared with induced pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells can produce _______ kinds of cell types.