Exam 10: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Annie was delayed in acquiring language as a child.Which of the following factors could have played a role in this delay?

Jimena is a typical 3-year-old.Like most of her preschool playmates,she can correctly use

Victor is in a class with many 3- to 6-year-olds.He works independently and at his own pace.He is most likely in a Montessori school.

_____ refers to the practical knowledge needed to use language for communicative purposes.

According to Piaget,which of the following characteristics is NOT part of preoperational thought?

Gannon and Cole ride their bikes around the driveway making train sounds.They tell their parents that they are train conductors.They are engaging in what kind of play?

Callie does not realize that she needs to turn the book so that her father can see it.She can see it just fine.This is an example of

Sheena knows what her mother will think when she comes into the room and sees the mess that she and her friends have made.Sheena's awareness of her mental processes and those of other people is called _____.

Because of its lack of reliability,_____ memory has become an important issue in lawsuits involving charges of child abuse.

One of the differences that was identified when children of different cultures were asked to remember an experience was that

Children often do not use deductive or inductive reasoning;they just jump from one idea to another and see causes where none exist.This is referred to as _____.

Preschools in China emphasize _____ more than preschools in the United States.

Someone tells you his name and as he is saying it,you cannot remember it.It most likely got lost in working memory.

When children talk aloud to themselves with no intent of communicating with anyone else,their speech is referred to as _____.

Justus does not realize that if a boy puts on girl clothes he is still a boy.This indicates that he is showing irreversibility.

Ms.Wang is working with her first-grade students on a math problem.She asks them who has more crayons: Jamie who has five crayons or Juan who has seven.Ms.Wang assumes that her students have acquired _____.

Compared with intelligence tests for infants and toddlers,tests for preschoolers take on a new dimension as emphasis is placed on assessing

Vygotsky's zone of proximal development could also be called the zone of _____.

_____ is memory that produces a script of familiar routines to guide behavior.

Timothy does not understand that transforming the shape of a liquid (by pouring it from one container into another)does not change the amount of liquid.This represents which limitation in preoperational thought?