Exam 11: Conic Sections

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Write a polar equation of an ellipse with eccentricity 0.30.3 and directrix y=7y = - 7 .

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r=0.371+0.3sinθr = \frac { 0.3 \cdot 7 } { 1 + 0.3 \sin \theta } \Leftrightarrow r=21103sinθr = \frac { 21 } { 10 - 3 \sin \theta }

Use the discriminant to determine if the graph of the equation, 3xy=123 x y = - 12 is a parabola, an ellipse or a hyperbola, then use a rotation of axes to eliminate the xyx y - term, and sketch the graph.

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3xy=123 x y = - 12 \Leftrightarrow xy+4=0x y + 4 = 0 \Rightarrow B24AC=1B ^ { 2 } - 4 A C = 1 , so the graph is a hyperbola. To eliminate the xyx y - term, rotate through ϕ\phi , such that cot2ϕ=ACB=0\cot 2 \phi = \frac { A - C } { B } = 0 \Leftrightarrow cos2ϕ=0\cos 2 \phi = 0 , so ϕ=π4\phi = \frac { \pi } { 4 } . x=XcosϕYsinϕ=12X12Yx = X \cos \phi - Y \sin \phi = \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } X - \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } Y , y=Xsinϕ+Ycosϕ=12X+12Yy = X \sin \phi + Y \cos \phi = \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } X + \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } Y . So Y2X2=8Y ^ { 2 } - X ^ { 2 } = 8 3 x y = - 12   \Leftrightarrow   x y + 4 = 0   \Rightarrow   B ^ { 2 } - 4 A C = 1  , so the graph is a hyperbola. To eliminate the  x y  - term, rotate through  \phi  , such that  \cot 2 \phi = \frac { A - C } { B } = 0   \Leftrightarrow   \cos 2 \phi = 0  , so  \phi = \frac { \pi } { 4 }  .  x = X \cos \phi - Y \sin \phi = \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } X - \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } Y  ,  y = X \sin \phi + Y \cos \phi = \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } X + \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } Y  . So  Y ^ { 2 } - X ^ { 2 } = 8

Find an equation for the ellipse whose foci are (±3,0)( \pm 3,0 ) , and whose vertices are (±4,0)( \pm 4,0 ) .

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c=3c = 3 , since the fociare (±3,0)( \pm 3,0 ) , and a=4a = 4 since the vertices are (±4,0)( \pm 4,0 ) , so b2=a2c2=7b ^ { 2 } = a ^ { 2 } - c ^ { 2 } = 7
The major axis is horizontal, so the equation of the ellipse is x2a2+y2b2=1x216+y27=1\frac { x ^ { 2 } } { a ^ { 2 } } + \frac { y ^ { 2 } } { b ^ { 2 } } = 1 \Leftrightarrow \frac { x ^ { 2 } } { 16 } + \frac { y ^ { 2 } } { 7 } = 1

Use the discriminant to determine if the graph of the equation, 34x232xy+14y2+8x+83y=0\frac { 3 } { 4 } x ^ { 2 } - \frac { \sqrt { 3 } } { 2 } x y + \frac { 1 } { 4 } y ^ { 2 } + 8 x + 8 \sqrt { 3 } y = 0 is a parabola, an ellipse or a hyperbola, then use a rotation of axes to eliminate the xyx y - term, and sketch the graph.

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Find an equation of the parabola whose graph is shown. Find an equation of the parabola whose graph is shown.

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(a) Find the eccentricity and directrix of the conic r=154cosθr = \frac { 1 } { 5 - 4 \cos \theta } and graph the conic and its directrix. (b) If this conic is rotated about the origin through and angle  (a) Find the eccentricity and directrix of the conic  r = \frac { 1 } { 5 - 4 \cos \theta }  and graph the conic and its directrix.  (b) If this conic is rotated about the origin through and angle    , write the resulting equation and draw its graph. , write the resulting equation and draw its graph.

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Use the discriminant to determine if the graph of the equation 13x210xy+13y272=013 x ^ { 2 } - 10 x y + 13 y ^ { 2 } - 72 = 0 is a parabola, an ellipse or a hyperbola, then use a rotation of axes to eliminate the xyx y - term, and sketch the graph.

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Find an equation for the hyperbola that has foci (0,±6)( 0 , \pm 6 ) and vertices (0,±5)( 0 , \pm 5 ) .

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Find an equation of the parabola whose graph is shown. Find an equation of the parabola whose graph is shown.

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Find the focus, directrix, and focal diameter of the parabola 5x210y=05 x ^ { 2 } - 10 y = 0 , and sketch its graph.

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Find an equation for the ellipse with endpoints of the major axis at (±11,0)( \pm 11,0 ) , and a distance of 66 between the foci.

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By placing the origin at the center of Mercury's orbit and the Sun on the xx - axis at one of the foci, find the equation of Mercury's orbit given that the length of its major axis is 1.159×10111.159 \times 10 ^ { 11 } m and the elliptical orbit has eccentricity 0.2060.206 .

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Find an equation for the hyperbola that has foci (0,±5)( 0 , \pm 5 ) and a transverse axis of length 88 .

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Find an equation for the hyperbola that has vertices (±7,0)( \pm \sqrt { 7 } , 0 ) and passes through the point (4,6)( - 4,6 ) .

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Complete the square to determine whether the equation x2+4x8y+36=0x ^ { 2 } + 4 x - 8 y + 36 = 0 represents an ellipse, a parabola, a hyperbola, or a degenerate conic. Then sketch the graph of the equation. If the graph is an ellipse, find the center, foci, vertices, and lengths of the major and minor axes. If it is a parabola, find the vertex, focus and directrix. If it is a hyperbola, find the center, foci, vertices, and asymptotes. If the equation has no graph, explain why.

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Find an equation for the conic whose graph is shown. Find an equation for the conic whose graph is shown.

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Use the discriminant to determine if the graph of the equation, 13x2+63xy+7y2=6413 x ^ { 2 } + 6 \sqrt { 3 } x y + 7 y ^ { 2 } = 64 is a parabola, an ellipse or a hyperbola, then use a rotation of axes to eliminate the xyx y - term, and sketch the graph.

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Determine the XYX Y - coordinates of (2,5)(-2,5) if the axes are rotated through an angle ϕ=30\phi = 30 ^ { \circ } .

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Determine the XYX Y - coordinates of (4,2)( 4,2 ) if the axes are rotated through an angle ϕ=45\phi = 45 ^ { \circ } .

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Find the focus, directrix, and focal diameter of the parabola 2x+7y2=02 x + 7 y ^ { 2 } = 0 , and sketch its graph.

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