Question 1

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) In cities all over the country,riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days. 
B) In Phoenix,drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than are drivers with air conditioning. 
C) Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room,test-taking students in a ninety- degree room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger. 
D) Throughout the history of the World Series,more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days. 
A) In cities all over the country,riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days. 
B) In Phoenix,drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than are drivers with air conditioning. 
C) Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room,test-taking students in a ninety- degree room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger. 
D) Throughout the history of the World Series,more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days.

Question 2

Which of the following best characterizes scientific findings on the relation between viewing sexually explicit materials and violence against women? Viewing materials that ____ the likelihood of aggression against women.

Accepted Answer

A) are sexually explicit increases 
B) combine sex and violence increases 
C) combine sex and violence does not affect 
D) contain only sex decreases 
A) are sexually explicit increases 
B) combine sex and violence increases 
C) combine sex and violence does not affect 
D) contain only sex decreases

Question 3

Recall that Dane Archer and Patricia McDaniel (1995)asked teenagers from the United States and ten other countries to read stories about an interpersonal conflict situation,and to predict the outcome.The data demonstrated that ____ were more likely than others to anticipate a violent outcome that was described by the researchers as "lethal,gun-laden,and merciless."

Accepted Answer

A) American participants 
B) frustrated participants 
C) participants who had just watched a violent film 
D) participants from third-world countries 
A) American participants 
B) frustrated participants 
C) participants who had just watched a violent film 
D) participants from third-world countries

Question 4

____ refers to the perception that you (or your group)have less than you were led to expect,or less than similar others have.

Accepted Answer

A) Frustration 
B) Absolute deprivation 
C) Relative deprivation 
D) Aspirational deprivation 
A) Frustration 
B) Absolute deprivation 
C) Relative deprivation 
D) Aspirational deprivation

Question 5

Empathy training activities as conducted by Deborah Richardson (1994)involve

Accepted Answer

A) exposing children to non-aggressive models. 
B) teaching children to take another's perspective. 
C) teaching children to identify what they are feeling in conflict situations. 
D) training children in conflict resolution strategies. 
A) exposing children to non-aggressive models. 
B) teaching children to take another's perspective. 
C) teaching children to identify what they are feeling in conflict situations. 
D) training children in conflict resolution strategies.

Question 6

Your text provides the example of the Columbine High School shootings as an extreme example of aggression.Which of the following is not true about the shooting?

Accepted Answer

A) The shooters intended the massacre to be much worse. 
B) The shooters were disgruntled high school teachers. 
C) It is the worst school shooting in U.S.history. 
D) Over a dozen people were injured and/or killed. 
A) The shooters intended the massacre to be much worse. 
B) The shooters were disgruntled high school teachers. 
C) It is the worst school shooting in U.S.history. 
D) Over a dozen people were injured and/or killed.

Question 7

Ed is steaming mad and ready to punch the next person he sees.According to the authors of your text,what is the first,best thing he should do to help him resolve his anger effectively?

Accepted Answer

A) Vent his feelings by punching a pillow. 
B) Vent by derogating someone. 
C) Take a deep breath and count to ten. 
D) Keep it in and stew about it. 
A) Vent his feelings by punching a pillow. 
B) Vent by derogating someone. 
C) Take a deep breath and count to ten. 
D) Keep it in and stew about it.

Question 8

Although some animal researchers have successfully bred animals for aggression,other researchers have found evidence that genetics are not the whole story behind animal aggression.Explain.

Accepted Answer

Biologist Zing Yang Kuo (1961)found that

Question 9

Watching media violence a single time is ____ to cause non-aggressive children to become violent,but long term exposure seems to ____ aggression in most children.

Accepted Answer

A) likely; decrease 
B) likely; increase 
C) unlikely; increase 
D) unlikely; decrease 
A) likely; decrease 
B) likely; increase 
C) unlikely; increase 
D) unlikely; decrease

Question 10

Both the archival study of crime statistics and controlled laboratory experiments (e.g., Taylor & Leonard,1983)have

Accepted Answer

A) lent credibility to the "belligerent drunk" cliché. 
B) contradicted cultural clichés about the relationship between alcohol and aggression. 
C) increased aggression,but only when the person was provoked 
D) demonstrated that alcohol increases hostile but not instrumental aggression. 
A) lent credibility to the "belligerent drunk" cliché. 
B) contradicted cultural clichés about the relationship between alcohol and aggression. 
C) increased aggression,but only when the person was provoked 
D) demonstrated that alcohol increases hostile but not instrumental aggression.

Question 11

Recall that Edward Donnerstein and Leonard Berkowitz (1981)had a female confederate anger male participants.These male participants were subsequently shown one of three systematically varied films.After viewing the films,the male participants were allowed to pick the shock level to be administered to a female learner.Results revealed that participants who viewed a ____ film subsequently administered the most intense shocks to the learner.

Accepted Answer

A) nonviolent-erotic 
B) nonviolent-nonerotic 
C) violent-nonerotic 
D) violent-erotic 
A) nonviolent-erotic 
B) nonviolent-nonerotic 
C) violent-nonerotic 
D) violent-erotic

Question 12

Research on the effects of violent videogames on aggression demonstrates that the effects of such games on aggression

Accepted Answer

A) are much less than the comparable effects of aggressive television,since the game itself gives children an outlet. 
B) are significant,but only for those children who were shown to be more prone to violence beforehand. 
C) are significant,but the effects are due to the correlation of aggression with income. 
D) are significant,and a causal as well as a correlational relationship has been demonstrated. 
A) are much less than the comparable effects of aggressive television,since the game itself gives children an outlet. 
B) are significant,but only for those children who were shown to be more prone to violence beforehand. 
C) are significant,but the effects are due to the correlation of aggression with income. 
D) are significant,and a causal as well as a correlational relationship has been demonstrated.

Question 13

Julie is really interested in Tom.She flirts with him at lunch a few times,and finally asks him out for a drink on Friday.According to the authors of your text,Julie's behavior is

Accepted Answer

A) assertive. 
B) aggressive. 
C) masculine. 
D) abnormal. 
A) assertive. 
B) aggressive. 
C) masculine. 
D) abnormal.

Question 14

Research suggests that men are more likely than women to interpret ____ situations as provocative and thus to respond aggressively.

Accepted Answer

A) insulting 
B) frustrating 
C) ambiguous 
D) conciliatory 
A) insulting 
B) frustrating 
C) ambiguous 
D) conciliatory

Question 15

____ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical (Glass,1964)or psychological harm (Davis & Jones,1960).

Accepted Answer

A) Cognitive dissonance 
B) Self-affirmation 
C) Social learning 
D) Psychoanalytic 
A) Cognitive dissonance 
B) Self-affirmation 
C) Social learning 
D) Psychoanalytic

Question 16

Former concentration camp inmate Primo Levi (1985)provided anecdotal evidence for the role of relative deprivation in strengthening the link between frustration and aggression.More specifically,he reported that when rebellions occurred,prisoners who ____ were more likely to participate.

Accepted Answer

A) were lowest in the prisoner hierarchy 
B) were privileged in some way 
C) had been imprisoned for a longer time 
D) had nothing left to lose 
A) were lowest in the prisoner hierarchy 
B) were privileged in some way 
C) had been imprisoned for a longer time 
D) had nothing left to lose

Question 17

In a survey of high school students,nearly half of the students surveyed believed that when a woman says "No" to a sexual advance,she doesn't really mean it.These findings provide support for the power of to ____ influence attitudes toward sexual aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) violent pornography 
B) sexual scripts 
C) spontaneous romance 
D) sex roles 
A) violent pornography 
B) sexual scripts 
C) spontaneous romance 
D) sex roles

Question 18

One determinant of whether we will respond aggressively when provoked is whether

Accepted Answer

A) we perceive the provocation as intentional. 
B) there are mitigating circumstances known at the time of the aggression but not at the time of the frustration. 
C) provocation was accompanied by forewarning. 
D) provocation takes the form of a threat. 
A) we perceive the provocation as intentional. 
B) there are mitigating circumstances known at the time of the aggression but not at the time of the frustration. 
C) provocation was accompanied by forewarning. 
D) provocation takes the form of a threat.

Question 19

Russell Geen and his colleagues (1975)conducted an experiment in which male participants were angered by a confederate.Angry participants then either recorded the confederate's errors or shocked him every time he made an error.Finally,all participants were given the opportunity to shock the confederate.These researchers found that contrary to ____,those participants who ____ later delivered stronger and more frequent shocks to the confederate.

Accepted Answer

A) frustration-aggression theory predictions; were not angered 
B) the catharsis hypothesis; had previously delivered shocks 
C) cognitive dissonance predictions; had not previously delivered shocks 
D) the catharsis hypothesis; had previously recorded errors 
A) frustration-aggression theory predictions; were not angered 
B) the catharsis hypothesis; had previously delivered shocks 
C) cognitive dissonance predictions; had not previously delivered shocks 
D) the catharsis hypothesis; had previously recorded errors

Question 20

Teresa punches a pillow every time she feels aggression building up toward her younger brother,and this makes her feel relieved and more relaxed.Such an outcome supports the notion of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) aggressive stimuli 
B) catharsis 
C) avoidance coping 
D) dehumanization 
A) aggressive stimuli 
B) catharsis 
C) avoidance coping 
D) dehumanization

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

Which of the following best characterizes scientific findings on the relation between viewing sexually explicit materials and violence against women? Viewing materials that ____ the likelihood of aggression against women.

____ refers to the perception that you (or your group)have less than you were led to expect,or less than similar others have.

Empathy training activities as conducted by Deborah Richardson (1994)involve

Your text provides the example of the Columbine High School shootings as an extreme example of aggression.Which of the following is not true about the shooting?

Ed is steaming mad and ready to punch the next person he sees.According to the authors of your text,what is the first,best thing he should do to help him resolve his anger effectively?

Although some animal researchers have successfully bred animals for aggression,other researchers have found evidence that genetics are not the whole story behind animal aggression.Explain.

Watching media violence a single time is to cause non-aggressive children to become violent,but long term exposure seems to aggression in most children.

Both the archival study of crime statistics and controlled laboratory experiments (e.g., Taylor & Leonard,1983)have

Research on the effects of violent videogames on aggression demonstrates that the effects of such games on aggression

Julie is really interested in Tom.She flirts with him at lunch a few times,and finally asks him out for a drink on Friday.According to the authors of your text,Julie's behavior is

Research suggests that men are more likely than women to interpret ____ situations as provocative and thus to respond aggressively.

____ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical (Glass,1964)or psychological harm (Davis & Jones,1960).

Former concentration camp inmate Primo Levi (1985)provided anecdotal evidence for the role of relative deprivation in strengthening the link between frustration and aggression.More specifically,he reported that when rebellions occurred,prisoners who ____ were more likely to participate.

In a survey of high school students,nearly half of the students surveyed believed that when a woman says "No" to a sexual advance,she doesn't really mean it.These findings provide support for the power of to ____ influence attitudes toward sexual aggression.

One determinant of whether we will respond aggressively when provoked is whether

Teresa punches a pillow every time she feels aggression building up toward her younger brother,and this makes her feel relieved and more relaxed.Such an outcome supports the notion of ____.

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Exam 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

Which of the following best characterizes scientific findings on the relation between viewing sexually explicit materials and violence against women? Viewing materials that ____ the likelihood of aggression against women.

____ refers to the perception that you (or your group)have less than you were led to expect,or less than similar others have.

Empathy training activities as conducted by Deborah Richardson (1994)involve

Your text provides the example of the Columbine High School shootings as an extreme example of aggression.Which of the following is not true about the shooting?

Ed is steaming mad and ready to punch the next person he sees.According to the authors of your text,what is the first,best thing he should do to help him resolve his anger effectively?

Although some animal researchers have successfully bred animals for aggression,other researchers have found evidence that genetics are not the whole story behind animal aggression.Explain.

Watching media violence a single time is ____ to cause non-aggressive children to become violent,but long term exposure seems to ____ aggression in most children.

Both the archival study of crime statistics and controlled laboratory experiments (e.g., Taylor & Leonard,1983)have

Research on the effects of violent videogames on aggression demonstrates that the effects of such games on aggression

Julie is really interested in Tom.She flirts with him at lunch a few times,and finally asks him out for a drink on Friday.According to the authors of your text,Julie's behavior is

Research suggests that men are more likely than women to interpret ____ situations as provocative and thus to respond aggressively.

____ theory can be used to explain why participants will derogate victims after they have done those victims physical (Glass,1964)or psychological harm (Davis & Jones,1960).

Former concentration camp inmate Primo Levi (1985)provided anecdotal evidence for the role of relative deprivation in strengthening the link between frustration and aggression.More specifically,he reported that when rebellions occurred,prisoners who ____ were more likely to participate.

In a survey of high school students,nearly half of the students surveyed believed that when a woman says "No" to a sexual advance,she doesn't really mean it.These findings provide support for the power of to ____ influence attitudes toward sexual aggression.

One determinant of whether we will respond aggressively when provoked is whether

Teresa punches a pillow every time she feels aggression building up toward her younger brother,and this makes her feel relieved and more relaxed.Such an outcome supports the notion of ____.

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Watching media violence a single time is to cause non-aggressive children to become violent,but long term exposure seems to aggression in most children.