Question 1

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

Accepted Answer

A) an abundant supply of sediment 
B) a broad sediment-covered plain 
C) a range of sediment sizes, including sand and gravel 
D) cutoff meanders 
A) an abundant supply of sediment 
B) a broad sediment-covered plain 
C) a range of sediment sizes, including sand and gravel 
D) cutoff meanders

Question 2

If a stream drops 15 meters in 15 kilometers, what is its gradient?

Accepted Answer

A) 100% 
B) 1 meter per kilometer 
C) 15 meters per kilometer 
D) 15 kilometers per meter 
E) None of these. 
A) 100% 
B) 1 meter per kilometer 
C) 15 meters per kilometer 
D) 15 kilometers per meter 
E) None of these.

Question 3

The type of feature shown in this figure is

Accepted Answer

A) a braided stream. 
B) river terraces. 
C) alluvial fans. 
D) entrenched meanders. 
E) None of these. 
A) a braided stream. 
B) river terraces. 
C) alluvial fans. 
D) entrenched meanders. 
E) None of these.

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT influence whether sediment is picked up by a stream?

Accepted Answer

A) size and density of the sediment 
B) turbulence of the moving water 
C) location of the sediment in the stream 
D) whether the stream flows north-south or east-west 
A) size and density of the sediment 
B) turbulence of the moving water 
C) location of the sediment in the stream 
D) whether the stream flows north-south or east-west

Question 5

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Accepted Answer

A) Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions. 
B) Turbulence of the water is less important than the temperature, which affects viscosity. 
C) Erosion occurs equally on two sides of a bend. 
D) Water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment. 
E) All of these. 
A) Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions. 
B) Turbulence of the water is less important than the temperature, which affects viscosity. 
C) Erosion occurs equally on two sides of a bend. 
D) Water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment. 
E) All of these.

Question 6

Which site along this stream would have the highest velocity for that segment of the stream?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 7

Which of the following is true about the base level of a stream?

Accepted Answer

A) Base level indicates the normal (or base)flow level before flooding. 
B) The flat top of a mountain is the ultimate base level for most streams. 
C) A mountain is close to its base level if bedrock is close to the surface. 
D) Most streams have lower gradient close to their base level. 
E) Base level generally is near the steepest part of a stream's profile. 
A) Base level indicates the normal (or base)flow level before flooding. 
B) The flat top of a mountain is the ultimate base level for most streams. 
C) A mountain is close to its base level if bedrock is close to the surface. 
D) Most streams have lower gradient close to their base level. 
E) Base level generally is near the steepest part of a stream's profile.

Question 8

What does the associated graph indicate about a stream?

Accepted Answer

A) Silt and clay are carried in suspension under most stream velocities. 
B) Sand and gravel are deposited at low velocities but transported at higher velocities. 
C) Sand is carried in suspension only at high velocities. 
D) As fast-moving water slows down, fine sand can switch from transport by suspension to the bed load. 
E) All of these. 
A) Silt and clay are carried in suspension under most stream velocities. 
B) Sand and gravel are deposited at low velocities but transported at higher velocities. 
C) Sand is carried in suspension only at high velocities. 
D) As fast-moving water slows down, fine sand can switch from transport by suspension to the bed load. 
E) All of these.

Question 9

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Accepted Answer

A) flow velocity 
B) discharge 
C) channel size 
D) maximum sediment grain size 
E) None of these. 
A) flow velocity 
B) discharge 
C) channel size 
D) maximum sediment grain size 
E) None of these.

Question 10

Using this plot of annual peak discharge, what is the probability each year that a flood of 1,000 cubic meters per second will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 in 1,000, or 0.01% 
B) 1 in 100, or 1% (100-year flood) 
C) between 10 and 20% 
D) more than 20% 
A) 1 in 1,000, or 0.01% 
B) 1 in 100, or 1% (100-year flood) 
C) between 10 and 20% 
D) more than 20%

Question 11

At which sites would this stream profile most likely be located?

Accepted Answer

A) A and C 
B) B and D 
C) C and D 
D) D and A 
A) A and C 
B) B and D 
C) C and D 
D) D and A

Question 12

Feature A, formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea, is

Accepted Answer

A) a landslide. 
B) a series of waterfalls. 
C) a delta. 
D) All of these. 
A) a landslide. 
B) a series of waterfalls. 
C) a delta. 
D) All of these.

Question 13

Construction of a dam results in

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in the total amount of water flowing downstream of the dam. 
B) increased erosion by clear water released from the dam. 
C) the dam releasing water that contains more sediment than carried by the river before the dam was constructed. 
D) increased erosion where the stream channel meets the reservoir. 
A) an increase in the total amount of water flowing downstream of the dam. 
B) increased erosion by clear water released from the dam. 
C) the dam releasing water that contains more sediment than carried by the river before the dam was constructed. 
D) increased erosion where the stream channel meets the reservoir.

Question 14

On this graph of discharge versus season for a river in the Rocky Mountains, why is the highest runoff likely to be in the spring?

Accepted Answer

A) Winter snow melts in the spring. 
B) The Rocky Mountains have many tornadoes during the spring. 
C) The Rocky Mountains experience hurricanes in the spring. 
D) All of these. 
A) Winter snow melts in the spring. 
B) The Rocky Mountains have many tornadoes during the spring. 
C) The Rocky Mountains experience hurricanes in the spring. 
D) All of these.

Question 15

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Accepted Answer

A) delta 
B) entrenched meanders 
C) tributaries that start in high mountains 
D) evidence for large prehistoric floods 
E) All of these are present. 
A) delta 
B) entrenched meanders 
C) tributaries that start in high mountains 
D) evidence for large prehistoric floods 
E) All of these are present.

Question 16

Which of the lettered sites would most likely be undercut by migration of a meander?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 17

If a stream-cut canyon is deep and narrow, which of the following is most likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Rocks in the canyon walls are relatively hard and easy to erode. 
B) The stream is probably close to its base level. 
C) Downcutting is occurring faster than widening. 
D) The stream contains mostly small clasts, such as silt. 
A) Rocks in the canyon walls are relatively hard and easy to erode. 
B) The stream is probably close to its base level. 
C) Downcutting is occurring faster than widening. 
D) The stream contains mostly small clasts, such as silt.

Question 18

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Accepted Answer

A) the onset of cold weather 
B) failure of levees 
C) intense precipitation 
D) overgrazing 
E) global warming 
A) the onset of cold weather 
B) failure of levees 
C) intense precipitation 
D) overgrazing 
E) global warming

Question 19

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

Accepted Answer

A) The stream flows backward during high tide. 
B) Ocean waves push the sediment up onto the beach. 
C) The velocity of the stream decreases. 
D) The stream began downcutting during the ice ages. 
E) None of these. 
A) The stream flows backward during high tide. 
B) Ocean waves push the sediment up onto the beach. 
C) The velocity of the stream decreases. 
D) The stream began downcutting during the ice ages. 
E) None of these.

Question 20

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity, sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

Accepted Answer

A) a delta. 
B) an alluvial fan. 
C) a floodplain. 
D) All of these. 
A) a delta. 
B) an alluvial fan. 
C) a floodplain. 
D) All of these.

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

If a stream drops 15 meters in 15 kilometers, what is its gradient?

The type of feature shown in this figure is

Which of the following does NOT influence whether sediment is picked up by a stream?

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Which site along this stream would have the highest velocity for that segment of the stream?

Which of the following is true about the base level of a stream?

What does the associated graph indicate about a stream?

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Using this plot of annual peak discharge, what is the probability each year that a flood of 1,000 cubic meters per second will occur?

At which sites would this stream profile most likely be located?

Feature A, formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea, is

Construction of a dam results in

On this graph of discharge versus season for a river in the Rocky Mountains, why is the highest runoff likely to be in the spring?

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Which of the lettered sites would most likely be undercut by migration of a meander?

If a stream-cut canyon is deep and narrow, which of the following is most likely to be true?

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity, sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

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Exam 13: Streams and Flooding

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

If a stream drops 15 meters in 15 kilometers, what is its gradient?

The type of feature shown in this figure is

Which of the following does NOT influence whether sediment is picked up by a stream?

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Which site along this stream would have the highest velocity for that segment of the stream?

Which of the following is true about the base level of a stream?

What does the associated graph indicate about a stream?

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Using this plot of annual peak discharge, what is the probability each year that a flood of 1,000 cubic meters per second will occur?

At which sites would this stream profile most likely be located?

Feature A, formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea, is

Construction of a dam results in

On this graph of discharge versus season for a river in the Rocky Mountains, why is the highest runoff likely to be in the spring?

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Which of the lettered sites would most likely be undercut by migration of a meander?

If a stream-cut canyon is deep and narrow, which of the following is most likely to be true?

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity, sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

The Nature of Physical Geography

Energy and Matter in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Motion

Atmospheric Moisture

Weather Systems and Severe Weather

Atmosphere - Ocean - Crysophere Interactions

Climates Around the World

Water Resources

Understanding Landscapes

Plate Tectonics and Regional Features

Volcanoes, Deformation, and Earthquakes

Weathering and Mass Wasting

Glaciers and Glacial Landforms

Coasts and Changing Sea Levels

Soils

Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles

Biomes

Filters