Question 1

Which of the following structures is located past (beyond)the ileocecal valve?

Accepted Answer

A) colon 
B) common bile duct 
C) stomach 
D) pancreas 
A) colon 
B) common bile duct 
C) stomach 
D) pancreas

Question 2

What regulates the movement of food through the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine and nervous system. 
B) lymphatic and muscular system. 
C) respiratory and urinary system. 
D) cardiovascular system. 
A) endocrine and nervous system. 
B) lymphatic and muscular system. 
C) respiratory and urinary system. 
D) cardiovascular system.

Question 3

"Activity in the digestive tract begins in response to the sight and smell of food." What response is being described?

Accepted Answer

A) cephalic 
B) gastric 
C) intestinal 
D) cognitive 
A) cephalic 
B) gastric 
C) intestinal 
D) cognitive

Question 4

Which statement best describes mucus?

Accepted Answer

A) It protects the cells of the digestive tract from damage. 
B) It is a specialized cell of the immune system. 
C) It is a layer of muscle that moves in a way that lubricates cells. 
D) It acts as a barrier to prevent water from entering the cells of the small intestine. 
A) It protects the cells of the digestive tract from damage. 
B) It is a specialized cell of the immune system. 
C) It is a layer of muscle that moves in a way that lubricates cells. 
D) It acts as a barrier to prevent water from entering the cells of the small intestine.

Question 5

In what way does chewing improve digestion?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the surface area of the food that comes in contact with digestive enzymes. 
B) It increases the surface area of the food that comes in contact with hormones that regulate food intake. 
C) It releases enzymes that are naturally-occurring in food and which aid in digestion. 
D) It increases the particle size of food aiding in swallowing and peristalsis. 
A) It increases the surface area of the food that comes in contact with digestive enzymes. 
B) It increases the surface area of the food that comes in contact with hormones that regulate food intake. 
C) It releases enzymes that are naturally-occurring in food and which aid in digestion. 
D) It increases the particle size of food aiding in swallowing and peristalsis.

Question 6

Which is NOT a characteristic of the digestive tract of a newborn infant?

Accepted Answer

A) The ability to digest dietary fat in the stomach. 
B) The presence of enzyme rennin for the digestion of breast milk protein. 
C) High levels of pancreatic enzymes for the digestion of lactose. 
D) The presence of lactase in the brush border. 
A) The ability to digest dietary fat in the stomach. 
B) The presence of enzyme rennin for the digestion of breast milk protein. 
C) High levels of pancreatic enzymes for the digestion of lactose. 
D) The presence of lactase in the brush border.

Question 7

Which sequence is organized from the simplest to the most complex arrangement?

Accepted Answer

A) atoms: molecules: tissues: organs 
B) molecules: tissues: atoms: organs 
C) tissues: atoms: molecules: organs 
D) atoms: organs: tissues: molecules 
A) atoms: molecules: tissues: organs 
B) molecules: tissues: atoms: organs 
C) tissues: atoms: molecules: organs 
D) atoms: organs: tissues: molecules

Question 8

Describe the organization of the human body beginning with atoms and ending with the major body systems.

Accepted Answer

Atoms are the smallest units of an eleme

Question 9

What is meant by selectively-permeable?

Accepted Answer

A) it refers to the ability of the cytosol to metabolize some substances,while ejecting toxic compounds from the cell. 
B) it refers to the ability of the mitochondria to selectively metabolize glucose,amino acids,and fatty acids. 
C) it refers to the ability of a cellular structure to allow some substances to enter freely,while limiting the entry of others. 
D) it refers to the ability of the organelles to control the shape of cellular proteins. 
A) it refers to the ability of the cytosol to metabolize some substances,while ejecting toxic compounds from the cell. 
B) it refers to the ability of the mitochondria to selectively metabolize glucose,amino acids,and fatty acids. 
C) it refers to the ability of a cellular structure to allow some substances to enter freely,while limiting the entry of others. 
D) it refers to the ability of the organelles to control the shape of cellular proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about aging is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) There are dramatic changes in nutrient requirements with aging. 
B) The senses of smell and taste are often diminished or lost with age. 
C) With age there is a reduction in the production of saliva. 
D) Gastrointestinal secretions may be reduced with age. 
A) There are dramatic changes in nutrient requirements with aging. 
B) The senses of smell and taste are often diminished or lost with age. 
C) With age there is a reduction in the production of saliva. 
D) Gastrointestinal secretions may be reduced with age.

Question 11

Which statement best describes the link between observational studies and H pylori?

Accepted Answer

A) Observational studies demonstrated a direct association between H pylori infection and peptic ulcer. 
B) Observational studies established an inverse association between H pylori infection and inflammation in the stomach. 
C) Observational studies confirmed that antibiotic therapy was effective for the treatment of peptic ulcer. 
D) Observational studies identified a direct association between H pylori infection and gall bladder disease. 
A) Observational studies demonstrated a direct association between H pylori infection and peptic ulcer. 
B) Observational studies established an inverse association between H pylori infection and inflammation in the stomach. 
C) Observational studies confirmed that antibiotic therapy was effective for the treatment of peptic ulcer. 
D) Observational studies identified a direct association between H pylori infection and gall bladder disease.

Question 12

Which sphincter regulates the flow of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine?.

Accepted Answer

A) gastroesophageal 
B) celiac 
C) anal 
D) pyloric 
A) gastroesophageal 
B) celiac 
C) anal 
D) pyloric

Question 13

What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics? How can these be used to promote gastrointestinal health?

Accepted Answer

Probiotics are specific organisms found

Question 14

Which of the following organs filters metabolic waste products out of the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) kidneys 
B) small intestine 
C) pancreas 
D) spleen 
A) kidneys 
B) small intestine 
C) pancreas 
D) spleen

Question 15

Why does acetyl Co-A occupy a central role in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Amino acids,fatty acids and glucose can all be converted to acetyl Co-A. 
B) Fatty acids and glucose,but no other compounds,can be converted to acetyl Co-A. 
C) Acetyl Co-A is essential to the anabolic process that includes the citric acid cycle. 
D) Acetyl Co-A is essential to the catabolic process that includes triglyceride synthesis.. 
A) Amino acids,fatty acids and glucose can all be converted to acetyl Co-A. 
B) Fatty acids and glucose,but no other compounds,can be converted to acetyl Co-A. 
C) Acetyl Co-A is essential to the anabolic process that includes the citric acid cycle. 
D) Acetyl Co-A is essential to the catabolic process that includes triglyceride synthesis..

Question 16

What is the name of the catabolic process that produces ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic analysis. 
B) metabolic acidosis. 
C) cellular respiration. 
D) cellular perspiration. 
A) metabolic analysis. 
B) metabolic acidosis. 
C) cellular respiration. 
D) cellular perspiration.

Question 17

Which of the following forms in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

A) bolus 
B) rugae 
C) chime 
D) bile 
A) bolus 
B) rugae 
C) chime 
D) bile

Question 18

Which statement best distinguishes between the action of secretin and CCK?

Accepted Answer

A) Secretin suppresses the release of gastric juices,while CCK suppresses the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. 
B) CCK stimulates the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas,while secretin stimulates the release of bile from the gall bladder. 
C) Secretin promotes the release of gastric juices,while CCK promotes the secretion of bile from the liver to the gall bladder. 
D) Secretin stimulates the release of compounds that neutralize chyme,while CCK stimulates the release of a substance that helps emulsify fat. 
A) Secretin suppresses the release of gastric juices,while CCK suppresses the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. 
B) CCK stimulates the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas,while secretin stimulates the release of bile from the gall bladder. 
C) Secretin promotes the release of gastric juices,while CCK promotes the secretion of bile from the liver to the gall bladder. 
D) Secretin stimulates the release of compounds that neutralize chyme,while CCK stimulates the release of a substance that helps emulsify fat.

Question 19

Which statement best describes the connection between prebiotics and probiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
B) prebiotics are digestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
C) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,not found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
D) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that suppress the growth of probiotics,which are harmful bacteria that growth in the large intestine 
A) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
B) prebiotics are digestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
C) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,not found in common foods,that support the growth of probiotics,bacteria that growth in the large intestine and may be beneficial to health. 
D) prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates,found in common foods,that suppress the growth of probiotics,which are harmful bacteria that growth in the large intestine

Question 20

The absorption of what nutrient could be impaired if the gallbladder is not producing enough bile?

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose 
B) fat-soluble vitamins 
C) starch 
D) amino acids 
A) sucrose 
B) fat-soluble vitamins 
C) starch 
D) amino acids

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Which of the following structures is located past (beyond)the ileocecal valve?

What regulates the movement of food through the digestive tract?

"Activity in the digestive tract begins in response to the sight and smell of food." What response is being described?

Which statement best describes mucus?

In what way does chewing improve digestion?

Which is NOT a characteristic of the digestive tract of a newborn infant?

Which sequence is organized from the simplest to the most complex arrangement?

Describe the organization of the human body beginning with atoms and ending with the major body systems.

What is meant by selectively-permeable?

Which of the following statements about aging is FALSE?

Which statement best describes the link between observational studies and H pylori?

Which sphincter regulates the flow of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine?.

What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics? How can these be used to promote gastrointestinal health?

Which of the following organs filters metabolic waste products out of the blood?

Why does acetyl Co-A occupy a central role in cellular metabolism?

What is the name of the catabolic process that produces ATP?

Which of the following forms in the mouth?

Which statement best distinguishes between the action of secretin and CCK?

Which statement best describes the connection between prebiotics and probiotics.

The absorption of what nutrient could be impaired if the gallbladder is not producing enough bile?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

A: the Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus 1: Focus on Beyond the Basics

Focus 2: Focus on Alcohol

Focus 3: Focus on Obesity, Metabolism, and Disease Risk

Focus 4: Focus on Phytochemicals

Focus5:focus on Natural Health Products

Focus 6: Focus on Integrating Nutrient Function in the Body

Focus 7: Focus on Eating Disorders

Focus 8: Focus on Biotechnology

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