Question 1

In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level management positions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Describe the Hawthorne studies, and explain their results.

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne studies were a series of experiments conducted at the Western Electric Hawthorne Works in Chicago from 1924 to 1932. The studies were initially designed to investigate the relationship between lighting levels and worker productivity, but they evolved into a broader examination of the effects of various environmental and psychological factors on employee behavior.

The results of the Hawthorne studies were unexpected and groundbreaking. The researchers found that changes in working conditions, such as lighting levels, had little impact on productivity. Instead, they discovered that the mere act of being observed and included in the study had a significant effect on worker performance. This phenomenon, known as the Hawthorne effect, suggested that workers were motivated by the attention they received rather than the actual changes in their working conditions.

Furthermore, the studies also revealed the importance of social and psychological factors in the workplace. Researchers found that factors such as group dynamics, leadership styles, and communication patterns had a significant impact on employee behavior and productivity. These findings challenged the prevailing belief that productivity was solely determined by physical and technical factors, and highlighted the importance of considering the human element in organizational management.

Overall, the Hawthorne studies revolutionized the field of industrial and organizational psychology by demonstrating the complex and multifaceted nature of human behavior in the workplace. The results emphasized the need for a more holistic approach to understanding and managing employee performance, and continue to influence management practices to this day.

Question 3

Suppose that a manager wants to increase the output of a staff of word processors/typists. Which of the following strategies would be consistent with the principles of scientific management?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giving the typists pep talks every morning 
B)  Instituting an Employee of the Month program 
C)  Firing the least productive typists and hiring new ones 
D)  Designing work stations that increase the efficiency with which workers can perform their jobs 
A)  Giving the typists pep talks every morning 
B)  Instituting an Employee of the Month program 
C)  Firing the least productive typists and hiring new ones 
D)  Designing work stations that increase the efficiency with which workers can perform their jobs D

Question 4

A main proposition of the human relations movement is

Accepted Answer

A)  workers are motivated solely by money. 
B)  achievement motivation is important in determining worker morale. 
C)  workers in high-level positions are unlikely to be satisfied with their jobs. 
D)  good interpersonal relationships among coworkers will lead to increased productivity. 
A)  workers are motivated solely by money. 
B)  achievement motivation is important in determining worker morale. 
C)  workers in high-level positions are unlikely to be satisfied with their jobs. 
D)  good interpersonal relationships among coworkers will lead to increased productivity.

Question 5

By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority in the US workforce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Discuss the influence of civil rights legislation on employment practices, and the role of I/O psychologists in implementing civil rights legislation.

Accepted Answer

The influence of civil rights legislatio

Question 7

The engineer who is credited with stimulating the beginning of the field that would develop into I/O psychology is

Accepted Answer

A)  Hugo Munsterberg. 
B)  Walter Dill Scott. 
C)  Frederick W. Taylor. 
D)  Elton Mayo. 
A)  Hugo Munsterberg. 
B)  Walter Dill Scott. 
C)  Frederick W. Taylor. 
D)  Elton Mayo.

Question 8

One reason that scientific management is no longer as applicable in the work place as it was at one time is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the standard of living has increased over the years. 
B)  the theory is too broad to apply today. 
C)  jobs today are more complex than they used to be. 
D)  the principles do not apply to international businesses. 
A)  the standard of living has increased over the years. 
B)  the theory is too broad to apply today. 
C)  jobs today are more complex than they used to be. 
D)  the principles do not apply to international businesses.

Question 9

The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased opportunities for industrial/organizational psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The major reason that organizations will need to give greater and greater attention to human resources in the future is

Accepted Answer

A)  employees do not want to work as hard as they once did. 
B)  fewer people are going to college. 
C)  there is a dwindling supply of truly skilled workers. 
D)  employers are relying less on employee selection. 
A)  employees do not want to work as hard as they once did. 
B)  fewer people are going to college. 
C)  there is a dwindling supply of truly skilled workers. 
D)  employers are relying less on employee selection.

Question 11

Which of the following is an outcome associated with organizational downsizing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Workers who remain become more loyal to the organization. 
B)  There is a decrease in line workers, but an increase in management. 
C)  Remaining workers are more motivated because they fear also losing their jobs. 
D)  The organization is usually more efficient and more competitive. 
A)  Workers who remain become more loyal to the organization. 
B)  There is a decrease in line workers, but an increase in management. 
C)  Remaining workers are more motivated because they fear also losing their jobs. 
D)  The organization is usually more efficient and more competitive.

Question 12

The scientific objective of I/O psychology involves

Accepted Answer

A)  applying psychological principles to observing work behavior. 
B)  applying research results in attempts to improve work behavior. 
C)  the study and understanding of all aspects of behavior at work. 
D)  the discovery of general laws of human behavior. 
A)  applying psychological principles to observing work behavior. 
B)  applying research results in attempts to improve work behavior. 
C)  the study and understanding of all aspects of behavior at work. 
D)  the discovery of general laws of human behavior.

Question 13

A major contribution to the development of I/O psychology that occurred during the World War I years was

Accepted Answer

A)  development of the atomic bomb. 
B)  the creation of the Army Alpha and Beta intelligence tests. 
C)  an increased focus on ergonomic design of war equipment. 
D)  an increased focus on the psychological experiences of soldiers. 
A)  development of the atomic bomb. 
B)  the creation of the Army Alpha and Beta intelligence tests. 
C)  an increased focus on ergonomic design of war equipment. 
D)  an increased focus on the psychological experiences of soldiers.

Question 14

An obvious advantage of increased workforce diversity is

Accepted Answer

A)  more workers will do more work. 
B)  women and ethnic minorities bring distinct characteristics into the work environment. 
C)  greater competition and individualism among workers. 
D)  the opportunity for different viewpoints that lead to organizational innovation. 
A)  more workers will do more work. 
B)  women and ethnic minorities bring distinct characteristics into the work environment. 
C)  greater competition and individualism among workers. 
D)  the opportunity for different viewpoints that lead to organizational innovation.

Question 15

I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct research and to train other psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Industrial/organizational psychology is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of work in industry. 
B)  the study of human behavior in work settings. 
C)  a combination of management principles and work efficiency methods. 
D)  the process of analyzing communication between managers and subordinates. 
A)  the study of work in industry. 
B)  the study of human behavior in work settings. 
C)  a combination of management principles and work efficiency methods. 
D)  the process of analyzing communication between managers and subordinates.

Question 17

World War II contributed greatly to the growth of I/O psychology through

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for state-of-the-art machinery. 
B)  the death of many soldiers leading to dramatic shrinking of the workforce. 
C)  the development of espionage devices. 
D)  an increased focus on mental illnesses produced by warfare. 
A)  the need for state-of-the-art machinery. 
B)  the death of many soldiers leading to dramatic shrinking of the workforce. 
C)  the development of espionage devices. 
D)  an increased focus on mental illnesses produced by warfare.

Question 18

By the year 2010, white males will constitute __________ of the US workforce.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than half 
B)  more than 80% 
C)  less than 20% 
D)  exactly half 
A)  less than half 
B)  more than 80% 
C)  less than 20% 
D)  exactly half

Question 19

An efficiency expert is studying jobs carefully, making detailed assessments of how long it takes workers to perform tasks. In all likelihood, the expert is using the scientific management method of

Accepted Answer

A)  ergonomics. 
B)  time-and-motion studies. 
C)  scientist-practitioner model. 
D)  job specialization. 
A)  ergonomics. 
B)  time-and-motion studies. 
C)  scientist-practitioner model. 
D)  job specialization.

Question 20

Describe the two objectives of industrial/organizational psychology.

Accepted Answer

The two main objectives of industrial/or

In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level management positions.

Describe the Hawthorne studies, and explain their results.

Suppose that a manager wants to increase the output of a staff of word processors/typists. Which of the following strategies would be consistent with the principles of scientific management?

A main proposition of the human relations movement is

By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority in the US workforce.

Discuss the influence of civil rights legislation on employment practices, and the role of I/O psychologists in implementing civil rights legislation.

The engineer who is credited with stimulating the beginning of the field that would develop into I/O psychology is

One reason that scientific management is no longer as applicable in the work place as it was at one time is that

The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased opportunities for industrial/organizational psychologists.

The major reason that organizations will need to give greater and greater attention to human resources in the future is

Which of the following is an outcome associated with organizational downsizing?

The scientific objective of I/O psychology involves

A major contribution to the development of I/O psychology that occurred during the World War I years was

An obvious advantage of increased workforce diversity is

I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct research and to train other psychologists.

Industrial/organizational psychology is defined as

World War II contributed greatly to the growth of I/O psychology through

By the year 2010, white males will constitute __________ of the US workforce.

An efficiency expert is studying jobs carefully, making detailed assessments of how long it takes workers to perform tasks. In all likelihood, the expert is using the scientific management method of

Describe the two objectives of industrial/organizational psychology.

Research Methods in Industrialorganizational Psychology

Job Analysis

Employee Recruitment, Selection, and Placement

Methods for Assessing and Selecting Employees

Evaluating Employee Performance

Employee Training and Development

Motivation

Positive Employee Attitudes and Behaviors

Worker Stress and Negative Employee Attitudes Behaviors

Communication in the Work Place

Group Processes in Work Organizations

Leadership

Influence, Power, and Politics

Organizational Structure, Culture, and Development

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction: Definitions and History

In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level management positions.

Describe the Hawthorne studies, and explain their results.

Suppose that a manager wants to increase the output of a staff of word processors/typists. Which of the following strategies would be consistent with the principles of scientific management?

A main proposition of the human relations movement is

By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority in the US workforce.

Discuss the influence of civil rights legislation on employment practices, and the role of I/O psychologists in implementing civil rights legislation.

The engineer who is credited with stimulating the beginning of the field that would develop into I/O psychology is

One reason that scientific management is no longer as applicable in the work place as it was at one time is that

The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased opportunities for industrial/organizational psychologists.

The major reason that organizations will need to give greater and greater attention to human resources in the future is

Which of the following is an outcome associated with organizational downsizing?

The scientific objective of I/O psychology involves

A major contribution to the development of I/O psychology that occurred during the World War I years was

An obvious advantage of increased workforce diversity is

I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct research and to train other psychologists.

Industrial/organizational psychology is defined as

World War II contributed greatly to the growth of I/O psychology through

By the year 2010, white males will constitute __________ of the US workforce.

An efficiency expert is studying jobs carefully, making detailed assessments of how long it takes workers to perform tasks. In all likelihood, the expert is using the scientific management method of

Describe the two objectives of industrial/organizational psychology.

Research Methods in Industrialorganizational Psychology

Job Analysis

Employee Recruitment, Selection, and Placement

Methods for Assessing and Selecting Employees

Evaluating Employee Performance

Employee Training and Development

Motivation

Positive Employee Attitudes and Behaviors

Worker Stress and Negative Employee Attitudes Behaviors

Communication in the Work Place

Group Processes in Work Organizations

Leadership

Influence, Power, and Politics

Organizational Structure, Culture, and Development

Filters