Question 1

Charlene is often late for work in the morning.The primary reason for her tardy behaviour is that she has to rely on a nanny to arrive on time to care for her three children before she can leave her house.In Charlene's case,her late behaviour can best be explained by:

Accepted Answer

A)   personal attributions
B)   situational attributions
C)   social loafing
D)   cognitive dissonance B

Question 2

Theodore answers his door one day to find a young man asking for donations for a local animal shelter.The man asks Theodore if he can put him down for a $10 donation.Theodore is happy to donate $10 to such a worthy cause and gives him the $10.The next day,Theodore receives a "thank you" call from the animal shelter and a request that he donate 10 hours a week of his time volunteering at the shelter.The animal shelter has used which of the following persuasion techniques on Theodore?

Accepted Answer

A)   foot-in-the-door
B)   door-in-the-face
C)   norm of reciprocity
D)   lowballing A

Question 3

Tamara is careless at the office one day and accidentally prescribes the wrong medicine for a twelve year-old patient.When her new associate catches the mistake,he assumes she does not know the difference in medications and that she must not be practicing very good medicine,and that she may not be very bright.This tendency to underestimate the role of situational factors when explaining Tamara's behaviour is the:

Accepted Answer

A)   indiscriminatory process
B)   cognitive dissonance theory
C)   fundamental attribution error
D)   internal locus of control C

Question 4

According to the catharsis view of aggression,depictions of media violence should temporarily ______________ the likelihood of aggressive behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the catharsis view of aggression,depictions...

Question 5

Participants in a study freely engage in a behaviour that is contrary to their attitudes.This behaviour causes an increase in physiological arousal,but the experimenter tells the participants that this arousal is the product of a placebo pill they have taken.Under these conditions,we would not expect the participants to change their attitudes to be more in line with their behaviour,a finding that is most consistent with ______________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   the theory of planned behaviour
B)   social identity theory
C)   self-justification
D)   cognitive dissonance

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding social norms and roles is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Social norms consist of sets of social roles.
B)   Social roles consist of sets of social norms.
C)   Social norms and social roles are essentially synonymous.
D)   Social norms and social roles both achieve their effects through informative social influence.

Question 7

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory when the counterattitudinal behaviour does not threaten a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _________ to begin with.

Accepted Answer

A)   strong
B)   weak or unclear
C)   negative
D)   positive

Question 8

Bem's _____________________ asserts that we make inferences about our own attitudes by observing our own behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bem's _____________________ asserts that we make inferences...

Question 9

In a busy shopping mall,Leslie and others notice that an elderly person has fallen and is clearly in distress.In deciding whether to intervene,Leslie looks around to see how other people are responding.The behaviour in which Leslie is engaging is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   bystander apathy.
B)   social comparison.
C)   diffusion of responsibility.
D)   negative state relief.

Question 10

Understanding how human behaviour seeks greater access to potential mates,fosters a more efficient division of labour,and makes it easier to pass information from one generation to the next is a mandate of an evolutionary approach to understanding human ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   homosexuality
B)   eating disorders
C)   affiliation
D)   aggression

Question 11

Studies have indicated that attitudes are good predictors of behaviours when people are aware of their attitudes and when the attitudes are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive
B)   not strongly held
C)   strongly held
D)   negative

Question 12

Albert Bandura's famous "Bobo doll" experiment demonstrated how _____________ can increase the risk of aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Albert Bandura's famous "Bobo doll" experiment demonstrated...

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding the results of the Irwin and Gross study examining the impact of video games on child aggression is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   There were no differences in aggression between the children who played a nonviolent game,and those who played a violent game.
B)   The children who played a nonviolent game displayed more aggression,than did the children who played a violent game.
C)   The children who played a violent game displayed more aggression than did the children who played a nonviolent game,and this was not due to the fact that the violent game was more exciting.
D)   The children who played a nonviolent game displayed more aggression than did the children who played a violent game,but this was due to the fact that the nonviolent game was more exciting.

Question 14

Bystanders are most likely to help individuals who are:

Accepted Answer

A)   perceived as being similar.
B)   attractive.
C)   judged as being responsible for their problems.
D)   perceived as being dissimilar.

Question 15

When consensus is high,and consistency and distinctiveness are low,people tend to make situational attributions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following were both mentioned as possible causes for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)   normative social influence and informational social influence
B)   group selection and the fundamental attribution error
C)   social loafing and groupthink
D)   the self-serving bias and social facilitation

Question 17

The study of impulsive murders discussed in the text found that these individuals had lower levels of activity in their frontal lobes than comparison groups did.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Social loafing occurs when people exert less individual effort when working on a group task than when working by themselves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If a task is complex but still well learned,the mere presence of others typically serves to enhance performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Pre-existing guilt has been found to be one of the factors that __________ the likelihood of prosocial behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pre-existing guilt has been found to be...

Exam 13: Behaviour in a Social Context

Charlene is often late for work in the morning.The primary reason for her tardy behaviour is that she has to rely on a nanny to arrive on time to care for her three children before she can leave her house.In Charlene's case,her late behaviour can best be explained by:

According to the catharsis view of aggression,depictions of media violence should temporarily ______________ the likelihood of aggressive behaviour.

Which of the following statements regarding social norms and roles is most accurate?

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory when the counterattitudinal behaviour does not threaten a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _________ to begin with.

Bem's _____________________ asserts that we make inferences about our own attitudes by observing our own behaviour.

In a busy shopping mall,Leslie and others notice that an elderly person has fallen and is clearly in distress.In deciding whether to intervene,Leslie looks around to see how other people are responding.The behaviour in which Leslie is engaging is known as:

Understanding how human behaviour seeks greater access to potential mates,fosters a more efficient division of labour,and makes it easier to pass information from one generation to the next is a mandate of an evolutionary approach to understanding human ____________.

Studies have indicated that attitudes are good predictors of behaviours when people are aware of their attitudes and when the attitudes are ____________.

Albert Bandura's famous "Bobo doll" experiment demonstrated how _____________ can increase the risk of aggression.

Which of the following statements regarding the results of the Irwin and Gross study examining the impact of video games on child aggression is most accurate?

Bystanders are most likely to help individuals who are:

When consensus is high,and consistency and distinctiveness are low,people tend to make situational attributions.

Which of the following were both mentioned as possible causes for group polarization?

The study of impulsive murders discussed in the text found that these individuals had lower levels of activity in their frontal lobes than comparison groups did.

Social loafing occurs when people exert less individual effort when working on a group task than when working by themselves.

If a task is complex but still well learned,the mere presence of others typically serves to enhance performance.

Pre-existing guilt has been found to be one of the factors that __________ the likelihood of prosocial behaviour.